Med Term Final Study Guide multiple choice – Flashcards
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Which condition is a blood disorder also known as Cooley's anemia?
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thalassemia
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Which specialist treats disease and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues?
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hematologist
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The ___ are only one cell in thickness and are the smallest blood vessels in the body.
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capillaries
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The condition of having an abnormally slow resting heartbeat is known as ___.
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bradycardia
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The ___ carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
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pulmonary arteries
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Which term describes a fatty deposit on an artery wall?
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plaque
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The highest pressure against the artery walls, which occurs when the ventricles contract, is known as ___.
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systolic pressure
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An ___ blocks the enzyme action that causes the blood vessels to contract.
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ACE inhibitor
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Formed in the red bone marrow, ___ are the most common type of white blood cells.
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neutrophils
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___ is the oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes.
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hemoglobin
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Which of these conditions is often the cause of sudden cardiac death?
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ventricular fibrillation
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A ___ is the condition of having a blood clot attached to the wall of a deep vein.
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deep vein thrombosis
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A ___ is a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor heart rate and rhythm over a 24- or 48-hour period.
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Holter monitor
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The term ___ describes a decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood
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leukopenia
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Which medication is administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat?
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antiarrhythmic
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The chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood it receives in known as ___.
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heart failure
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An emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression is known as ___.
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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Which of these medical conditions is a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart.
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ischemic heart disease
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A ___ is administered a few hours after a heart attack or stroke to dissolve the damaging blood clots.
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tissue plasminogen activator
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A wire mesh tube placed in an artery to provide support to the arterial wall is known as a ___.
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stent
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___ anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, which helps the body absorb vitamin B12
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pernicious
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Which condition is a form of vasculitis involving several small and medium arteries at the same time?
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polyarteritis
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The abnormal protrusion of a heart valve is known as ___.
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valvular prolapse
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___ is inflammation of the heart muscle.
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myocarditis
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Which condition is also known as iron overload disease?
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hemochromatosis
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___ is a form of treatment that disrupts the blood supply to the tumor.
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antiangiogenesis
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A ___ is a technique in which an x-ray-guided needle is used to remove small samples of tissue from the breast.
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needle breast biopsy
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Which highly contagious viral respiratory infection is commonly known as the flu?
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influenza
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Which blood test is most accurate at confirming the presence of HIV?
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Western blot
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An ___ is a physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of malignant disorders such as tumors and cancer.
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oncologist
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___ is caused by damage to lymphatic vessels caused by cancer treatment, surgery, radiation scarring, injuries, or burns.
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secondary lymphedema
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A medication used to treat viral infections is known as an ___.
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antiviral
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Which term is also known as a cellular response?
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localized allergic response
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___ are leukocytes that provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms.
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monocytes
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Which masses of lymphoid tissue are also known as the nasopharyngeal tonsils?
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adenoids
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The ___ is a mass of lymphoid tissue located above the heart.
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thymus
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A ___ is a small, bean-shaped structure containing specialized lymphocytes that are capable of destroying pathogens.
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lymph node
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___ lymph nodes are located along the sides of the neck
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cervical
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Which cells are specialized lymphocytes that produce antibodies?
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B cells
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Which term is also known as passive immunity?
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natural immunity
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Very small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells are called ___.
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viruses
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___ is a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells.
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cancer
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Which term is an example of a soft-tissue sarcoma?
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synovial sarcoma
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___ is a rare but aggressive form of breast cancer.
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inflammatory breast cancer
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Which term refers to a self-care procedure for the early detection of breast cancer?
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breast self-examination
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Which procedure involves the surgical removal of an entire breast and many of the surrounding tissues?
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radical mastectomy
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___ is the use of radioactive materials in contact with or implanted into the tissues to be treated.
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brachytherapy
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Which infection is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito?
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West Nile virus
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___ wraps the body in a physical barrier to prevent invading organisms from entering the body.
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intact skin
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Which term refers to an acquired unresponsiveness to a specific antigen?
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tolerance
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Which term describes the exchange of gases within the cells of the blood and tissues?
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internal respiration
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Which condition is the temporary absence of spontaneous respiration?
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apnea
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A ___ is the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which keeps the lung from fully expanding.
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pleural effusion
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___ is also known as black lung disease.
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Anthracosis
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A ___ is a mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patient's natural breathing function.
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ventilator
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Which type of pneumonia occurs when a foreign substance is inhaled into the lungs?
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aspiration
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The ___ is the tin fluid-filled space also known as the pleural space.
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pleural cavity
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Which are the largest of the paranasal sinuses?
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maxillary sinuses
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The ___ is the portion of the pharynx used only for the transport of air.
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nasopharynx
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Which part of the respiratory system is commonly known as the windpipe?
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trachea
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A ___ is the sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter.
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pulmonary embolism
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An inexpensive handheld device used to let patients with asthma measure air flowing out of the lungs is known as a ___.
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peak flow meter
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Which term is also known as a runny nose?
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rhinorrhea
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Which term is also known as choking?
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airway obstruction
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A disease in which the airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant is known as ___.
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chronic bronchitis
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Which term is also known as acute nasopharyngitis?
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upper respiratory infection
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Which term means bleeding from the lungs?
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pneumorrhagia
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Which term means the permanent dilation of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation?
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bronchiectasis
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___ is the act of taking air in as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward.
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inhalation
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A ___ is a surgery in which a wedge-shaped piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed.
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wedge resection
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Which term, also known as abdominal breathing, is a relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety?
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diaphragmatic breathing
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A ___ is the surgical repair of parts of the nasal septum.
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septoplasty
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___ involves breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber that allows air pressure to be raised up to three times higher than normal to promote healing and fight infection.
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hyperbaric oxygen therapy
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Which type of pneumonia is also known as mycoplasma pneumonia?
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walking
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___ is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States
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lung cancer
