Mastery Quiz #5 Chapter 19 – Flashcards
Flashcard maker : August Dunbar
In an ideal, unlimited environment, a population’s growth follows a(n) ________ model.
exponential
Which of these factors operates on populations in a density-dependent manner?
food supply
Chinese privet is a plant that is native to China. Over 150 years ago, Chinese privet was introduced to the United States as a fast-growing shrub that serves as an excellent privacy hedge. With no natural predators, Chinese privet quickly established itself and spread in natural areas throughout the southeast and eastern seaboard of the United States. Its dominance in these areas has jeopardized the survival of native plant species. Chinese privet provides evidence that ________.
introducing non-native organisms can cause environmental damage
Type I survivorship curves are typical of species that exhibit ________.
few offspring and good parental care
________ is the maximum population size that a particular habitat can support.
Carrying capacity
The ecological footprint of the United States ________.
shows that Americans consume a disproportionate amount of food and fuel
According to the logistic growth model, what happens to a population when the size of the population reaches carrying capacity?
NOT!!! The growth rate decreases, The growth rate increases
What is a population?
a group of individuals of a single species that occupy the same general area at the same time
A study of the human ecological footprint conducted by the World Wildlife Fund in 2008 shows that ________.
we have already exceeded the planet’s biocapacity per person
In most developing countries, ________.
NOT!!! birth rates equal death rates, so the population is fairly stable, or birth rates are lower than death rates, so the population is growing rapidly
Species that exhibit an equilibrial life history typically ________.
have long lives
In most developed countries, overall population growth rates ________.
are near zero, so the population size is fairly stable
Over time, the populations of most species ________.
fluctuate
Which of these best describes Type II survivorship?
Survivorship is constant over the lifespan.
Opportunistic species typically ________.
have a large number of offspring
In a population that is following a logistic growth pattern, what shape does the population’s growth curve most closely resemble?
S
The intentional release of a natural enemy to attack a pest population is called ________.
biological control
Which of these best describes Type III survivorship?
Survivorship is high for the few individuals that survive to a certain age
What will be the approximate shape of the age-structure diagram of a rapidly increasing population?
a pyramid
During the Pleistocene era, many large mammal species went extinct. Their permanent disappearance occurred in a short period of time when humans were expanding across North America. In this situation, how do many scientists view humans?
as an invasive species
Most crop pests ________.
have an opportunistic life history
An unexpected freeze that kills a population of chipmunks is an example of ________.
a density-independent factor
Integrated pest management ________.
advocates mixed-species plantings and rotating crops
Kudzu, an Asian vine introduced to the United States in the 1930s as a means to control erosion, is referred to as “the plant that ate the South” because it grows so fast and overtakes most plant species in its path. A recent and unusual way that some people are using to control kudzu growth is to allow goats to graze their land and eat the kudzu, roots and all. This is considered by some to be the most environment-friendly way to eliminate this invasive vine. How can we best describe the goats in this situation?
NOT!!! an integrated pest management agent, or an invasive species
The red-cockaded woodpecker, an endangered species, is dependent upon ________ for maintenance of its source habitat.
fire
Which of these is a characteristic of Type I survivorship?
Most individuals survive to older age intervals
Competition among individuals of the same species is ________ competition.
intraspecific
The use of the Indian mongoose to control rat populations ________.
became a disaster when the mongoose turned out to be as invasive as its target
In an ideal, unlimited environment, what shape does a population’s growth curve most closely resemble?
J
You arrive back in the United States after having visited a foreign country located on another continent. The customs agent stops the person in front of you and confiscates the fruit basket this person is bringing home. Being the knowledgeable person you are, you calmly explain to your enraged fellow traveler that the reason for the detainment is that the fruit basket may be ________.
NOT!!! contaminated with sufficient DDT to cause serious harm to anyone who eats the fruit, or carrying endangered fruit, contaminated with CFCs that will damage the ozone layer above North America Incorrect
If there are 500 oak trees in a forest covering 50 square kilometers, then the population density is ________.
10 trees per square kilometer
Throughout most of human history, human population size ________.
grew very slowly
Non-native species can have important effects on biological communities by ________.
All of these are effects that non-native species can have on biological communities.
The Endangered Species Act aims to help protect species that ________.
are in danger of extinction
If a population’s growth rate decreases as the population size approaches carrying capacity, the population’s growth follows a(n) ________ model.
logistic
Examples of invasive species include ________.
cheatgrass and Burmese pythons Correct
