Marketing Chp 15: Supply chain – Flashcards
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Marketing channel management; value chain, demand chain. Only real value of a product is what we are willing to give. -Refers to a set of approaches and techniques firms employ to efficiently and effectively integrate their suppliers, manufactures, warehouses, stares, and transportation intermediaries into seamless value chain in which merchandise is produced and distributed in the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time as well as to minimize systemwide costs while satisfying the service levels their customers require.
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Supply chain management
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Supply chain management -refers to a set of approaches and techniques firms employ to efficiently and effectively integrate their suppliers.
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Marketing channel management
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Those firms engaged in buying, taking title to, often storing, and physically handling goods in large quantities, then reselling the goods (usually in smaller quantities) to retailers or industrial or business users
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Wholesalers
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sells directly, mainly to final consumers.
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Retailers
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Facilitates sale between mfg and others. Does not take title.
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Agent and/or Broker
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A set of interdependent organizations that eases the transfer of ownership as products move from producer to business user or consumer. -Add value and can affects other aspect of marketing ie sales, distribution. -INTERMEDIARY: less transaction -MIDDLEMEN: check overall process
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marketing channel
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A facility for the receipt, storage, and redistribution of goods to company stores or customers; maybe operated by retailers, manufacturers, or distribution specialists.
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distribution center
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-Fulfilling delivery promises -Meeting customer expectations: we just want to buy what's there -Reliant on an efficient supply chain
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Marketing Channel affects other aspects
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The manufacturer sells directly to the buyer -local -service oriented -shorter intermediaries: Complex, expensive, customized items, many B2B products
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direct marketing channel
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when one more intermediaries work with manufacturers to provide goods and services to customers. -Expand business -mass merchandise -Longer intermediaries: Low cost, standard items, most consumer products
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indirect marketing channel
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The cutting out of marketing channel intermediaries by product or service producers or the displacement of traditional resellers by radical new types of intermediaries: TECHNOLOGY -Regardless, still need to be performed by someone
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disintermediation
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-Market characteristics: Size, geographic dispersion, buying patterns. -Product factors: Complexity, cost, ease of movement -Company (mfg) factors: Size, desire for control, diversity in consumers/retailers. Factors in deciding________
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Number of intermediaries
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-Intensive: Convenience goods, many, Coke -Selective: Shopping and specialty goods, several, Umano -Exclusive: specialty goods, one, testila
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Levels of distribution intensity
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Convenience goods, many, Coke
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Intensive
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Shopping and specialty goods, several, Umano
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Selective
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specialty goods, one, Tesla
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Exclusive
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Between two firms doing business together -Mutual trust -Open Communications -Common Goals -Interdependence -Credible Commitments
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Strategic Relationships
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Walmart mastered -Customer to store: UPC code -Store to buyer: Data exchange -Buyer to manufacturer: Purchase/product info -Store to manufacturer: communicate needs for product -Store to distribution center: what will be shipped -Manufacturer to distribution center and buyer: Advance shipping notice (ASN)
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Information flow
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UPC The black-and-white bar code found on most merchandise
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Universal Product Code
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ASN An electronic document that the supplier sends the retailer in advance of a shipment to tell the retailer exactly what to expect in the shipment
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advanced shipping notice
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EDI The computer-to-computer exchange of business documents from a retailer to a vendor and back -Cycle time -Quality of communications -Easily analyzed and used
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electronic data interchange
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VMI An approach for improving supply chain efficiency in which the manufacturer is responsible for maintaining the retailer's inventory levels in each of its stores -Meet intimidate demand -Reduce cost
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Vendor-managed inventory
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Traditional, forecast sell. Designed to increase demand by motivating sellers (wholesalers, distributors, or salespeople) to highlight the product, rather than the products of competitors, and thereby push the product onto competitor. -Good for steady demand items. (milk egg) -Does not need sophisticated IS system People use both push and pull
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push marketing strategy
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Designed to get consumers to pull the product into the supply chain by demanding it. • Orders based on sales data • More accurate inventory • Better when demand is uncertain -Cons: Costly, less flexibility to adjust demand. People use both push and pull
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Pull marketing strategy
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Consider cost -More accurate sales forecasts are possible when retailers combine forecasts for many stores. -Less merchandise in store -Avoid running out of stock -More space in distribution center
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Distribution center vs Direct store Delivery
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is its own component, movement of products. Ex. UPS educated public on its logistic, includes its global flat form, UPS song.
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logistic
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-Management of inbound transportation: getting product + who pays for expense. -Receiving and checking using UPC and RFID: benefits from knowing where product is. -Storing and Cross‐Docking -Getting Merchandise Floor Ready: (ready to be place on selling floor) ticketing and marking -Preparing to ship -Shipping to store: complex for multi‐store chains, Distribution centers use sophisticated routing and scheduling systems
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Distribution center
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In a retailing context, employees who are responsible for the financial planning and analysis of merchandise, and its allocation to stores
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Planners
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the process of recording the receipt of merchandise as it arrives at a distribution center or store
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receiving
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the process of going through the goods upon receipt to make sure they arrived undamaged and that the merchandise ordered was the merchandise received.
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checking
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RFID Tiny computer chips that automatically transmit to a special scanner all the information about a container's content or individual products
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Radio frequency identification tag
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Operations in a warehouse which involve moving goods between different trucks without intermediate storage.
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cross-docking
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A document or display on a screen in a forklift truck indicating how much each item to get from specific storage areas
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pick ticket
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Creating price and identification labels and placing them on the merchandise -Increasingly firms are forcing suppliers to ship floor ready merchandise
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ticketing and marking
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an inventory management system used in retailing; merchandise is received just in time for sale when the customer wants it
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quick response
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JIT - Pull Inventory management system designed to deliver less merchandise on a more frequent basis than traditional inventory systems; the firm gets the merchandise "just in time" for it to be used in the manufacture of another product, in the case of parts or components, or for sale when the customer wants it, in the case of consumer goods. Also known as quick response system
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just-in-time inventory system
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-Reduced lead time -Increased product availability and lower inventory investment
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JIT Benefits
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• Dispatcher coordinates deliveries • Manufacturer may pay transportation expenses or retailers may negotiate directly with trucking companies and pay expenses
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Inbound transportation
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a situation that occurs when sales of a new product cut into sales of a firm's existing products -Aim at new segment but hit old segment
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Cannibalization
