Management Exam 3 – Flashcards

_______ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

__________ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure.

__________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

The tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs is called _____.

_____ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.

______ is at the center of the diversity wheel.

______ is the personality dimension that describes how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded a person is.

When others' expectations exceed one's ability, ______ has occurred.

_____________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work.

Which of the following dimensions is an example of an organizational dimension on the diversity wheel?

______ is defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.

______ is the use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior.

_____ involves division of an organization's work and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance.

Goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that have all of the following characteristics except _____.

__________ is the process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation.

Of the following, which is not a core job characteristic?

A simple model of motivation does not include which of the following?

Theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act are called _____.

The weakening of behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced is called _____.

The process of strengthening a behavior by withdrawing something negative is called _____.

Two or more freely interacting individuals who share collective norms, share collective goals, and have a common identity are called a _____.

A _______ is defined as a small group of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.

____________ is ordering an outcome, when a manager relies on his or her formal authority and power to resolve a conflict, but the needs of the other party are largely ignored.

______ is a "we feeling" that binds group members together.

A team composed of people from different departments who are pursuing a common objective is called a _____.

The conflict-handling style in which a person neglects their own concerns and allows the concerns of another to prevail is known as _____.

A(n) ______ role is behavior that concentrates on getting the team's work done.

_______ is defined as reciprocal faith in others' intentions and behaviors.

______ is the process of having two people or groups play opposing roles in a debate to better understand a proposal.

In the performing stage of group development, members _____.

A leader who focuses on providing increased service to others is called a _____.

Leaders especially want ________ who are productive, reliable, honest, cooperative, proactive, and flexible.

______ leadership approaches attempt to determine the distinctive styles used by effective leaders.

Leadership is the ability to ______ employees to pursue organizational goals.

Managerial leadership is defined as the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and the process of _____.

Power deriving from one's personal attraction is called ______ power.

The model that requires a manager to assess her own style and her situational control is _____.

According to the concept of full-range leadership, leadership behaviors vary along a range from ______ leadership at one extreme to transformational leadership at the other.

One of three dimensions of situational control in the contingency leadership model, ______ is the extent to which tasks are routine, unambiguous, and easily understood.

_____ power results from one's specialized knowledge.

When thieves use your name and good credit rating to get cash or buy things, it is known as _____.

Gossip and rumor in an organization are part of the _____, which itself is a type of ______ communication channel.

When your intended message is sent accurately in the least amount of time, you are a(n) _____.

Communication is _____.

______ communication channels develop outside the organizational structure and do not follow the chain of command.

A manager who literally wanders around her organization and talks with people across all lines of authority is doing _____.

_____________ is the process of translating a message into understandable symbols or language.

The study of the meaning of words is called _____.

The process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages, which requires full attention and processing, is known as active _____.

Using video and audio links along with computers to allow people at different locations to see, hear, and talk with each other is called _____.

The tendency to attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to the situation the person is in is called _____.

Employee behaviors that exceed the work-role requirements for the job are known as _____.

______ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration.

Which of the following is not one of the Big Five personality dimensions?

________________ is "the ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought."

____________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

The tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information is called _____.

______ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.

People with low self-esteem ______ than those with higher self-esteem.

If you have a(n) ____________, you believe you control your own destiny.

A(n) ______ program includes plans to help employees cope with stress, burnout, substance abuse, health problems, and family issues that influence job performance.

The ______ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation.

______ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait.

Which of the following is not one of the four layers of the diversity wheel?

______ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, or behavior is superior to those of another culture.

The extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals is called _____.

________ programs help employees integrate and transition to a new job.

______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

______ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike.

_____________ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

A person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment is said to have a(n) ______ personality.

Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are _____.

Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation?

____________ is the theory that attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated.

______ involves division of an organization's work and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance.

To achieve psychological growth, according to the self-determination theory, people need to satisfy the three innate needs: competence, autonomy, and _____.

______ is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the desired outcome.

The extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them is called _____.

_______ is the use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior.

The process of strengthening a behavior by withdrawing something negative is called _____.

"Do my subordinates perform unambiguous, easily understood tasks?" This question reflects the dimension of situational control called _____.

The approach to leadership that suggests that effective leadership behavior depends on the situation at hand is the ______ approach.

Fiedler's contingency leadership model determines if a leader's style is _____.

Acting humble or friendly or making someone feel good or important before making a request are influence tactics known as _____.

____________ is the model in which an effective leader makes desirable rewards available, clarifies how employees can achieve objectives, and provides them support in doing so.

The model that requires a manager to assess her own style and her situational control is _____.

Using threats or intimidation to persuade someone is which influence tactic?

Which of the following is not a behavioral leadership approach?

The ______ approach to leadership attempts to identify distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leaders.

The three dimensions of situational control include leader-member relations, position power, and _____.

______ power results from one's specialized knowledge.

In Fiedler's contingency leadership model, the amount of influence a leader has in his or her immediate work environment is called his or her _____.

______ model of leadership emphasizes that leaders have different sorts of relationships with different employees.

The power that managers have resulting from their formal positions within organizations is called ______ power.

The source for crowdsourcing is most often _____.

A person's characteristic speaking patterns, such as the use of pacing, pausing, questions, and stories, is known as _____.

Channels of communications that follow the chain of command and are considered as official are termed _____.