M7: Ch. 7: The Vitamins – Flashcards

Which of the following foods provides good amounts of antioxidants? citrus fruits seeds dark green, leafy vegetables all of the above

A person seeking good sources of vitamin A would select all of the following EXCEPT liver. bananas. apricots. sweet potatoes.

What is the most likely reason for the development of a vitamin B12 deficiency? Inadequate intake Increased excretion Inadequate absorption Increased losses in food preparation

The risk for vitamin D deficiency increases with advancing age for all of the following reasons EXCEPT less exposure to sunlight. lower milk intake. decreased absorption of dietary vitamin D. reduced activation of vitamin D by the kidneys.

Which of the following is true of vitamin E in foods? a. Vitamin E is fairly stable to heat b. Most convenience foods are poor sources of vitamin E c. Saturated fats like cheese and hamburger are the d. major dietary sources of vitamin E very few foods are good sources of vitamin E

Carrots, spinach and apricots all contain the __________ form of a vitamin A. retinol provitamin or carotene intrinsic organic

What is the intrinsic factor? a. the compound needed to help absorb all vitamins b. a factor which causes malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins c. an internal process which metabolizes cholesterol into vitamin D d. a compound that helps in the absorption of B12

Which of the following is required for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12? Bile Lipase Intrinsic factor Carboxypeptidase

Which of the following food substances can be converted to vitamin A in the body? Tryptophan Chlorophyll Xanthophyll Beta-carotene

What is a free radical? An inactive vitamin An unphosphorylated vitamin A molecule of unbound cobalamins A molecule with at least one unpaired electron

Which of the following is NOT one of the common signs of pellagra? Diarrhea Dementia Dermatitis Dehydration

What is a disadvantage of using vitamin supplements? a. potential toxicity b. reduced bioavailability c. lack of intake of other benefits (fiber, antioxidants for example) d. all of the above

Which of the following does the body use to synthesize vitamin D? Vitamin C Carotene Tryptophan Sunlight

Beriberi results from a deficiency of vitamin A. thiamin. vitamin C. vitamin B12.

Which of the following are fat-soluble? vitamin D vitamin A vitamin E all of the above

General characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins include all of the following EXCEPT they must be consumed daily. toxic levels in the body are rarely found. they are absorbed directly into the blood. excesses are eliminated from the kidneys.

What is the main function(s) of vitamin D? maintain blood calcium levels promotes synthesis of cholesterol controls absorption of fat soluble vitamins as a natural sun screen

Which of the following is the most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet? Meat Fortified milk Fruits and vegetables Enriched breads and cereals

Which of the following are major sources of vitamin E in the diet? Meats Citrus fruits Vegetable oils Milk and dairy products

What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food? The total amount available from a food. The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body. The amount that remains after a food is processed The different chemical forms of the same vitamin.

Milk and milk products provide liberal amounts of which of the following vitamins? Folate Biotin Riboflavin Pantothenic acid

The first detectable sign of vitamin A deficiency is usually xerosis. xerophthalmia. night blindness. corneal keratinization.

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the fat-soluble vitamins? a. bile b. found in the fat and oily parts of foods c. stored permanently in the blood d. pose a greater risk for developing a toxicity than water-soluble vitamins

The appearance of vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms may be delayed due to high intake of supplements of folate. niacin. vitamin C. vitamin B6.

What food makes a significant contribution to vitamin C intakes in the U.S. population despite the modest vitamin C concentration? Potatoes Organ meats Breaded fish Whole-grain cereals

Which of the following is an early sign of vitamin C deficiency? Bleeding gums Pernicious anemia Appearance of a cold Hysteria and depression

A child with bowed legs is likely deficient in vitamin A. K. E. D.

Which of the following is most likely to occur from a prolonged dietary deficiency of vitamin A? Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Xerophthalmia Prolonged blood-clotting time

Which two B vitamins work together to make red blood cells and a lack of which will result in similar types of anemia? thiamin and niacin folate and B12 biotin and B12 B6 and biotin

In which of the following individuals would vitamin A toxicity be most likely to occur? Adolescent women Overweight adults Those taking vitamin A supplements Those consuming more than 100 g of carrots daily

Which of the following diets is most likely to lead to beriberi? Low intakes of whole grains High intakes of refined or polished rice Low intakes of antioxidants High intakes of enriched grains

John is looking to increase his dietary sources of vitamin C. However, he expresses a strong dislike for all citrus fruits. Which of the following shopping lists would you recommend? Liver, yogurt, milk Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries Banana, peanut butter, canned tuna fish Whole grains, pork, fortified corn flakes

Of the following foods, which would be the only source of vitamin B12? Pecans Milk Cauliflower Whole-grain bread

A low-protein diet in which corn is a principal food has been found to cause a deficiency of what vitamin? Niacin Folate Vitamin C Vitamin B12