Literary Terms: Short story line unit
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Genre
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A group of books with a similar theme or style such as, nonfiction, fiction, and biographies. (Ex: A boy called it.. biography)
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Authors Purpose
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An authors main point for writing. Such as entertaining (twilight)
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Plot
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The sequence of events in a story. (Rising action)
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Exposition/Basic situation
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Introduction of characters, setting, tone/mood of the story. (In paper towns, you meet Margo and Q in the beginning. You also learn that it takes place in Orlando)
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Rising action
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Story builds, main conflict unfolds, suspense builds, plot develops. (In paper towns, the rising action is when Margo sneaks into Q's room)
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Climax
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Turning point, suspense at peak, results in a change. (The climax in Paper Towns is when Margo makes Q help her get revenge).
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Falling action
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Results of the climax, tied up loose ends, concludes story. (The falling action in Paper Towns is when Margo and Q almost get caught in the revenge plan).
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Setting
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Time and place of the action in the story. (The plot in Paper Towns is in Orlando)
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P.O.V
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The person telling the story. (Q tells the story in Paper Towns)
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Third person omniscient POV
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The narrator isn't a character but knows the thought and feelings of the characters. (Narrator in The Lord of the Rings)
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Third person limited
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Not a character but tells what only one character can see it feel. (Harry potter narrator)
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First Person POV
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The narrator is a character. (Q in paper towns)
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Character
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A person or animal in the story.
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Round/Dynamic character
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Complex and fully developed character who grows emotionally, learns lessons, alters behavior. (Bella in twilight)
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Flat/static character
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Simple character. few emotions, remains unchanged. (Mike Newton in twilight)
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Foil characters
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Secondary character, contrasts with a major character. Usually complete opposites. (In paper towns, Q and Margo contrast, but Q is nerdy and Margo is popular.
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Characterization
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The way the author presents a character/characters. (Direct presentation: character is described by, author, narrator, or other characters. (Indirect presentation: characters traits are shown in action/speech
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Theme
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Main idea/life lesson (the theme in paper towns is \"don't chases after people)
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Conflict
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A situation/problem (a situation in Paper towns is when Q can't find Margo)
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External conflict
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Struggle between a character and outside force. (Man vs. Man: batman vs. superman)
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Internal conflict
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Struggle within a character. (Ben struggles with his Bloody Ben story)
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Complications
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Problems that add to the tension, intensity, and growth of the conflict. (Billy black knows Edward is a vampire in twilight)
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Antagonist
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Usually the character in opposition to the main character or protagonist. (Voldemort in Harry Potter)
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Protagonist
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The central character or hero in a story. (Superman)
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Irony
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The contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happens. (The difference between what happened and the situation)
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Situational urony
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Contrast between what a character or reader expects to happen and what actually happens. (In paper towns, Q thinks the clues are for him, but they actually aren't)
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Verbal irony
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Occurs when someone says one thing but means another (saying \"oh great\" after after something rotten was said)
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Dramatic irony
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The contrast between what a character knows and what the audience knows. (In the fault in our stars, we know Augustus dies, but Hazel doesn't know that)
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Mood
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Feeling/atmosphere that the writer creates for the reader. (The mood in paper towns is romantic, emotional, and adventurous.
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Tone
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The authors attitude towards a subject and how they feel about their writing. (The tone in twilight is dark, romantic, and mysterious)
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Foreshadowing
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The writers, clues or hints to indicate events or situations that will happen. (In the movie 22 jump street there is a clue of 23 jump street)
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Symbol
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A person, place, activity, or an object that stands for something beyond itself. (The America flag is a symbol of patriotism)
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Chronological order
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A sequence of events in order in which they occurred. (1,2,3,4)
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Personification
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Giving human qualities to a non human (the box talked)
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Simile
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A figure of speech comparing two unlike things. (The girl was a shiny as the sun)
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Metaphor
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Show how two things are not alike in most ways are similar in one important way. (Her dreams are as high as the sky that she is reaching for)
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Imagery
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Language a writer uses to appeal to any of the five senses and help the reader make a mental picture. (The screeching of the bird, made her ears bleed slowly)
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Diction
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The type of words the writer uses to evoke certain feelings or connotations. (The young kid was slowly drifting away from his dad)
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Denotation
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The dictionary meaning of a word (wind is the Denotation for air)
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Connotation
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The emotional implications and associations that a word may carry. (Person: boy, girl)
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Inference
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The reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgement. (A person jumps of a bridge. He was depressed)
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Flash back
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An interruption of a works chronology to describe an incident from that time. (I saw a pair of shoes and thought about when I had a pair like that)
