Life Science 1005 Chapter 4 Quiz – Flashcards
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What term describes a harmless, noncancerous or precancerous tumor?
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benign
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What is the name of the process by which cancer cells break off of tumors and spread to other parts of the body?
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Metastasis
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Radiation therapy works primarily by
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Damages their DNA so they can't continue to divide or grow.
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Which of the following is the correct order of events in the cell cycle?
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G1, S, G2, mitosis, cytokinesis
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What is the process by which a tumor attracts and redirects blood vessels to keep it supplied with O2 and nutrients?
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Angiogenesis
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Which of the following is NOT a feature of DNA?
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?
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Which of the following affects the number of genetically distinct gametes that an organism can make?
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(all of the below) - the number of chromosomes in the cell - crossing over during meiosis - random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis - the number of genes for which different alleles are present
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What are the two halves of a duplicated chromosome called?
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sister chromatids
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Most forms of chemotherapy target which feature of cancer cells?
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cell division
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During which phase of mitosis are the replicated chromosome aligned in the middle of the cell?
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metaphase
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Which of following statements incorrectly identifies how cancer cells differ from normal cells?
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Cancer cells form benign tumors.
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How many chromosomes does a human body cell contain?
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46
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Which statement correctly describes the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
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DNA polymerase helps bind incoming nucleotides to each other.
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During which phase of mitosis does the centromere split, allowing motor proteins to pull each sister chromatid to opposite poles of the cell?
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anaphase
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A gene encoding a protein that regulates the G1 checkpoint is mutated What is a likely outcome?
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Tumors will develop.
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The genes that encode the proteins regulating the cell cycle are called ________.
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proto-oncogenes
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True or False: Chemotherapy causes hair loss because hair follicles divide rapidly, like cancer cells.
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True
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At what stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
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prophase I
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A checkpoint is missing from this picture. Where is this checkpoint?
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at the end of G2
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What does this figure show?
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karyotype
