Life in Ancient China – Flashcards

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What were the three main social classes?
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land owning aristocrats, peasant farmers and merchants
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social class
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people who share a similar position in society
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filial piety
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respect shown by children for their parents and elders
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Daoism
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Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Laozi; taught that people should turn to nature and give up their worldly concerns
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Laozi
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Chinese philosopher, he was the most famous Daoist teacher. He is credited with writing Dao De Jing, The Way of the Dao, Daoism's basic text. Like Confucianism, Daoism tells people how to behave. Daoists believed that people should give up wordly desires. They should turn to nature and the Dao-the force that guides all things.
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Confucius was China's what?
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Ancient China's first great thinker and teacher. He wanted to end the problems in China and bring peace to society. Confucius believed that people needed to have a sense of duty. Confucius believed that if each person did his or her duty, society as a whole would do well. He also urged people to be good and to seek knowledge.
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Who said "what you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others"?
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Confucious
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Confucianism
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taught that all men with a talent for governing should take part in government.
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What social group did not like the idea of CONFUCIANISM?
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The aristocrats
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What 3 philosophies developed in early China?
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There were 3 chinese philosophies which grew out of a need for order. Confucianism, Daoism & Legalism. Confucianism - Confucius believed that people needed to have a sense of duty. Duty meant that a person must put the needs of family and community before his or her own needs. Each person owed a duty to another person. Daoism - Daoists believed that people should give up worldly desires. They should turn to nature and the Dao—the force that guides all things. To show how to follow the Dao, Daoists used examples from nature. A third group of thinkers disagreed with the idea that honorable men in government could bring peace to society. Instead, they argued for a system of laws. People called their thinking Legalism (LEE • guh • LIH • zuhm), or the "School of Law." A scholar named Hanfeizi (HAN • fay • DZOO) developed the teachings of Legalism during the 200s B.C. Unlike Confucius or Laozi, Hanfeizi taught that humans were naturally evil. He believed that they needed harsh laws and stiff punishments to force them to do their duty. His followers believed that a strong ruler was needed to keep order in society. Many aristocrats liked Legalism because it favored force and power, and did not require rulers to show kindness or understanding. Its ideas led to the cruel laws and punishments often used to control Chinese farmers.
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What social group liked legalism and why?
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The aristocrats favored Legalism.Some people disagreed with the idea that honorable men in government could bring peace to society. Instead, they argued for a system of laws. Many aristocrats liked Legalism because it favored force and power, and did not require rulers to show kinkness or understanding. Its ideas led to the cruel alws and punishments often used to control farmers.
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Who is Hanfeizi?
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A scholar that developed the teachings of Legalism during the 200s BC. Unlike Confucious or Laozi, Hanfeizi taught that humans were naturally evil. He believed that they needed harsh laws and stiff punishments to force them to do their duty.
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