Kinesiology Test2 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Philosophers take ___________seriously; these include moods, emotions, ideals, values, and daily experiences.
answer
intangibles
question
____________ is a key component of philosophy. This process helps us to better understand what we have experienced in our daily lives.
answer
reflection
question
All of the following are general issues in philosophy EXCEPT...
answer
the Hippocratic oath
question
The main three goals of philosophy include all of the following EXCEPT...
answer
to understand the individual ethics of those who participate in physical activity.
question
In the 1960s several prominent physical educators appeared on the scene who..
answer
turned away from education and used philosophical techniques to produce insights about sport.
question
Which form of reasoning starts with specific cases in order to develop broad, general principles?
answer
inductive
question
The three reflective reasoning processes of philosophical research are inductive, deductive, and _______ reasoning.
answer
descriptive
question
A person who examines the behavior of 5 or 10 cheerleaders, looks for similarities, and then draws conclusions about the nature of cheerleading in general would be using what kind of reasoning?
answer
inductive
question
This view reflects the belief that subjective experiences are of little value and that humans are complex machines.
answer
materialism
question
The two goals of philosophy of physical activity are: (1) to clarify thinking about physical activity and the mind-body relationship; and (2) to use these insights to make positive changes in people's lives.
answer
true
question
The Philosophic Society for the Study of Sport founded the Journal of the Philosophy of Sport in the 1970s.
answer
true
question
Deductive reasoning starts with a broad, general principle and examines specific facts that follow from it.
answer
true
question
Games may or may not be experienced as play.
answer
true
question
From the perspective of mind-body dualism, the mind...
answer
is usually considered superior to the body
question
What view sees the mind and body as separate?
answer
dualistic view
question
Which of the following is not true of rules that govern games?
answer
rules tell us what should be accomplished and how we should go about accomplishing it.
question
The significance of skills discussed in the text highlights which of the following statements?
answer
motor skills represent the standards of excellence by which players evaluate their performance.
question
The statement that excellent play is valued illustrates which of the following?
answer
the process of competing in the game is valued as much as the outcomes that result from the play.
question
A comparison of play-like sport to duty-like sport finds that play-like sport considers..
answer
sport participation justified by its intrinsic value.
question
Values...
answer
can be moral or nonmoral.
question
Values can be moral or nonmoral.
answer
true
question
Which of the following is NOT a value promoted by the field of physical activity?
answer
winning
question
Which of the following statements about sport ethics is NOT correct?
answer
rule bending is acceptable as long as it is not called or noticed by the official.
question
The text outlines behavioral guidelines for sport, which include...
answer
caring about your opponent's well-being as much as your own.
question
Two main physical educators who were early leaders in the field of sport and exercise philosophy in the 1960s were...
answer
Metheny and Slusher
question
The belief that the mind and body are interdependent and work together is...
answer
holism
question
One of the overall goals in studying the history of physical activity is to...
answer
identify and describe patterns of change and stability in physical activity.
question
An important research direction in history of physical activity that began taking shape in the 1980s was...
answer
history of exercise and health.
question
Intercollegiate athletics were inaugurated on American college campuses by...
answer
students
question
The 1920s were known as the...
answer
Golden Ages of Sports
question
The physical education teaching profession took root in the United States...
answer
just before 1900
question
In the first half of the 20th century, the main focus of school physical education classes was...
answer
sports
question
Before the 1950s, scientific research on physical activity...
answer
often addressed topics that could be applied to teaching.
question
From 1900 to 1950, scholarship was influenced by which of the following two items?
answer
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, Harvard Fatigue Lab
question
The passage of this education amendment helped to create more opportunities for women and girls to participate in sport.
answer
Title IX
question
The North American Society for Sport History began in the mid-1950s, and it founded a scholarly journal in the early 1960s.
answer
false
question
Determining the authenticity of written historical evidence involves matters such as who actually authored the piece and the date it was produced.
answer
true
question
Women's intercollegiate athletics grew on college campuses in the late 19th century at about the same rate as men's intercollegiate athletics.
answer
false
question
In the second half of the 20th century, growth in participation in exercise and sport greatly outpaced population increases.
answer
true
question
Which of the following best illustrates the most significant change in physical activity in the latter part of the 20th century?
answer
the focus on health outcomes resulting from physical activity.
question
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?
answer
qualitative= words. quantitative= numbers
question
The discipline of kinesiology began a phenomenal growth spurt in the...
answer
1960s
question
Which of the following is a primary source of historical evidence?
answer
a newspaper article about the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics written at the time the Games were in progress.
question
Between 1950 and 2000, physical activity professions...
answer
diversified and expanded.
question
Sport historians would be more interested in which source of information?
answer
1968 baseball player who remembers things well.
question
A historian of physical activity would look at...
answer
patterns of change and stability in a culture during a time period.
question
The NASSH was designed in 1972 to attract a broader scholarly membership including women, Canadians, and international scholars beyond North America. What does NASSH stand for?
answer
North American Society for Sport History
question
During what decade did kinesiology subdisciplines develop a recognizable identity in North America?
answer
1960
question
History of physical activity teaches us about _____ as well as _____ in the past, which helps us understand the past as well as the present and make reasonable decisions for the future.
answer
changes;stability
question
What are the two analytical frameworks used by historians to make sense of data they have collected in their research of history of physical activity?
answer
modernization theory and human agency
question
When did the physical education profession begin?
answer
1840-1900
question
Pedro is doing research for a school project. He is reading a book about kinesiology written by an engineer who has never knowingly engaged in physical activity. What type of rule is used in determining the credibility of the source?
answer
rule of perspective
question
In the World War II period, from 1943 to 1952, what professional sport league started for women?
answer
baseball
question
By the 1860s, many amateur ____________ teams were on their way to becoming professionalized; common practices by that time included charging admission and paying players.
answer
baseball
question
One of the goals of sociology of physical activity is to look at physical activity with a penetrating gaze that goes beyond our common understanding of social life. The text says that this requires...
answer
a dash of skepticism about common assumptions.
question
The North American Society for the Sociology of Sport, the major scholarly society in the subdiscipline in North America, was founded..
answer
after Europeans founded a scholarly association in sport sociology.
question
If you ask for responses to a questionnaire that you mail to athletes on 10 varsity teams, you are probably engaged in which type of research?
answer
survey research
question
Although girls and women are participating in sport and other physical activities in greater numbers now than in earlier decades, females still tend to take part in sports that involve less..
answer
body contact among players
question
According to the text, ideals in our society concerning women's body size and appearance have led some women to an extreme response that involves...
answer
becoming anorexic
question
In the mid-1990s African American athletes were being portrayed on TV as having..
answer
stronger physical skills than whites.
question
Which of the following is NOT a component of socioeconomic status?
answer
linguistic skills
question
A sociologist in kinesiology would know that in women's college basketball there are now many more men coaches than women coaches.
answer
true
question
Race and ethnicity are similar concepts that are basically interchangeable.
answer
false
question
Sociologists of physical activity seldom rely on a physical lab space, but rather they see all sport settings in the social world as their laboratory.
answer
true
question
Both the amateur and professional models of intercollegiate athletics often lead to exploitation of student-athletes.
answer
true
question
Individuals' opposition to the use of American Indians as mascots is based on the belief that this practice actually distorts and trivializes the culture rather than honors it.
answer
true
question
Which of the following is a major influence on female participation in collegiate athletics?
answer
Title IX legislation
question
The term gender refers to..
answer
a set of norms and expectations about how we should behave based on society's understanding of sexuality.
question
Does participation in physical activity vary by race?
answer
yes, and there is also great variation across types of physical activity.
question
Physical activity sociologists...
answer
conduct research in natural settings.
question
What type of research uses qualitative and quantitative methods?
answer
mixed method
question
Which of these methods do researchers use to spend many months or even years in observation of a particular social setting?
answer
ethnography
question
The ability to do what you want without being stopped by others best defines which of the following terms?
answer
power
question
Which of the following does NOT pertain to power?
answer
news
question
Which of the following is one of the three main goals of the sociology of physical activity?
answer
to identify and analyze patterns of change and stability in physical activity.
question
Sociologists gain information about physical activity through all of these methods EXCEPT..
answer
ophthalmology
question
What is thematic analysis?
answer
an approach that examines material such as magazines and newspapers and then categorizes the content in various ways.
question
Sociology of physical activity focuses on..
answer
shared beliefs and social practices that constitute specific forms of physical activity.
question
If someone came up to you and asked you to analyze a series of pictures of collegiate athletes and sort them into categories, what type of research method would this person be using?
answer
thematic analysis
question
Sociologists of physical activity conduct studies of which of the following?
answer
ongoing social life as it ordinarily occurs.
question
Researchers have found that there are several potential reasons that there are more men coaching and administrating women's athletics. These reasons include all of the following EXCEPT..
answer
qualified women are still playing sports professionally, so they are not able to take on these leadership roles as coaches and administrators.
question
What is NOT a goal of sociology of physical activity?
answer
to analyze athletes and their physical activity.
question
Who was the father of motor behavior?
answer
Franklin Henry
question
Motor behavior includes three sub disciplines. Which is NOT one of the sub disciplines?
answer
motor performance
question
The experimental design used in motor behavior research to determine the impact of two different types of practice on the same skill performance would be identified as..
answer
dual design
question
All of the following examine learning (rather than performance) EXCEPT..
answer
a test of accuracy immediately after practice for accuracy.
question
The principle that practice should match the performance environment for maximal improvement is..
answer
specificity of practice.
question
Boys and girls are similar in motor skill performance during childhood EXCEPT in one skill, in which the gender difference is substantial. Select the exception.
answer
throwing
question
Knowledge of results focuses on ____________, whereas knowledge of performance focuses on ___________.
answer
outcome; process of movement
question
Practice guarantees improved performance.
answer
false
question
Boys and girls are more similar than different in motor skill performance.
answer
true
question
Pedagogy, the study of teaching, applies motor behavior research.
answer
true
question
Motor behavior research is closely related to biomechanics.
answer
true
question
This time period is considered one of the greatest eras of interest in motor behavior.
answer
World War II (1939-1945)
question
Skill acquisition, one of the five areas studied in motor control, is about learning.
answer
true
question
The type of performance experience engaged in for the express purpose of refining motor control function to improve skill is known as..
answer
practice
question
Feedback that produces the greatest improvement in performance and potentially produces the greatest learning..
answer
varies depending on the expertise of the performer.
question
The focus of motor behavior research today includes..
answer
potential treatments of disease and injury, including Parkinson's disease.
question
What differentiates motor learning (ML) from motor control (MC)?
answer
acquisition versus neuromuscular activity.
question
What type of researcher studies differences in growth patterns in children ages 2 to 12 years?
answer
motor development expert
question
Who wrote the first major theoretical paper from the discipline of kinesiology on what was known as the memory drum theory?
answer
Franklin Henry
question
Research on ___________ often compares novices and experts to determine how they differ within various sports. For example, they want to determine why some children are more advanced performers than adults attempting the same skill.
answer
motor expertise
question
Which of the following is most critical in helping students develop skills?
answer
ample appropriate practice opportunities.
question
While his players are working out, a coach notices a mistake in an athlete's form. The coach tells the player what might work better and how to do it. What type of feedback is the coach giving the player?
answer
extrinsic feedback
question
Practicing a skill is most likely to bring about which of the following?
answer
learning
question
According to the text, which kind of practice makes perfect?
answer
correct
question
After John kicked the football from the 22-yard line, he heard the referee yell, "It's good." What type of knowledge was expressed by the referee?
answer
knowledge of results- extrinsic feedback
question
A coach tells a player the correct way to inbound a basketball from the sideline; at the same time the coach is demonstrating how to throw the ball inbound in a game-like situation. What is taking place?
answer
extrinsic feedback and observational learning
question
What is the best way to set goals to achieve the best results?
answer
set a goal that requires moderate effort to achieve.
question
Which experimental design compares two groups (randomly formed) on the same task (movement speed)?
answer
between-group design
question
What are some environmental conditions that might affect learning in sport?
answer
feedback, practice, transfer
question
What is electromyography?
answer
a system for monitoring and recording the electrical activity in muscles.
