Kaplan Cardio Set B – Flashcards

The nurse understands that intermittent claudication is: a) found in venous insufficiency b) pain caused by cold c) pain caused by walking d) found only in the elderly (Kaplan, Cardio B 1/30)

The nurse cares for a patient admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The nurse understands that a cardiac monitor is attached to this patient for which of the following reasons? a) to monitor the patient's condition closely without having to awaken the patient b) to prevent another, more serious heart attack from occurring c) to verify diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction d) to detect any life-threatening changes in the heart rhythm (Kaplan, Cardio B 2/30)

An older man is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). Which of the following findings is MOST characteristic of heart failyre? a) pulse 110, respirations 24, blood pressure 100/60 b) pulse 100, respirations 16, blood pressure 140/90 c) pulse 150, respirations 20, blood pressure 120/80 d) pulse 100, respirations 12, blood pressure 100/70 (Kaplan, Cardio B 3/30)

The cardiac nurse instructs a patient scheduled to receive a pacemaker about how the usual cardiac conduction cycle flows. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the natural pacemaker of the heart? a) atrioventricular (AV) node b) Purkinje fibers c) bundle of His d) sinoatrial (SA) node (Kaplan, Cardio B 4/30)

The nurse expects which of these laboratory test results to be elevated in a client following an acute myocardial infarction? a) creatine kinase (CK), troponin T and I, and myoglobin b) blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and protein-bound iodine c) aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [formerly serum glutamic-oxalaocteic transaminase (SGOT)], red blood cell count (RBC), and platelets d) lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), thyroxine, and endorphin levels (Kaplan, Cardio B 5/30)

Which nursing measure would be MOST important following cardiac catheterization? a) monitor the patient's temperature b) observe the patient for dysrhythmias c) check the extremities for pulses d) encourage coughing and deep breathing (Kaplan, Cardio B 6/30)

The nurse performs a blood pressure screening at the local grocery store. The nurse knows that which of the following blood pressure readings indicates stage 1 hypertension? a) 160/110 b) 142/88 c) 130/88 d) 126/80 (Kaplan, Cardio B 7/30)

The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a patient diagnosed with peripheral vascular disease. It is MOST important for the nurse to address which of the following? a) the patient drinks socially b) the patient walks two miles a day c) the patient takes vitamins daily d) the patient smokes heavily (Kaplan, Cardio B 8/30)

The nurse observes a person suddenly collapse on the street. The nurse finds the person unresponsive. Which action should the nurse take FIRST? a) check for normal breathing b) call the emergency response number c) deliver two rescue breaths d) begin chest compressions (Kaplan, Cardio B 9/30)

A client receiving verapamil in the sustained-release form complains of a headache. Which information should the nurse provide the client? a) this is an unrelated symptom and should be reported b) this medication often causes headache c) this medication should be stopped until the headache disappears d) she should go immediately to the emergency room (Kaplan, Cardio B 10/30)

A client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia receives heparin after a venous thromboembolism (VTE) is diagnosed in the left leg. Which observation MOST concerns the nurse? a) the client passes a black stool b) the client is pale c) the client has a nosebleed d) the client is confused (Kaplan, Cardio B 11/30)

The nurse discovers an unconscious person in the street. The nurse notes that the person is not breathing. The nurse should take which action? a) lift the back of the person's neck b) use the thumbs to move the person's lower jaw backward c) turn the person's head to one side d) tilt the person's head back and lift the chin (Kaplan, Cardio B 12/30)

The nurse cares for a patient following a myocardial infarction. Which of the following information, obtained during the health history, is MOST significant when planning for the patient's discharge? a) the patient takes daily vitamin supplements b) the patient has a history of pneumonia c) the patient plays golf once a week d) the patient has a high-stress job (Kaplan, Cardio B 13/30)

The health care provider prescribes hydrochlorothiazise 50mg once a day for a client. When is the BEST time for the nurse to administer this medication? a) at 6 am b) with breakfast c) with dinner d) at bedtime (Kaplan, Cardio B 14/30)

The nurse recognizes that the type of edema related to cardiac failure is usually a) nonpitting b) dependent c) painful d) severe (Kaplan, Cardio B 15/30)

The nurse educator conducts an orientation class for new graduate nurses who will be caring for cardiac patients on the medical surgical unit. The educator should remind the nurses that the QRS complex of an electrocardiogram (EKG) reflects which of the following? a) atrial depolarization b) ventricular depolarization c) ventricular repolarization d) central venous pressure (Kaplan, Cardio B 16/30)

The nurse understands that the MOST important factor to maintain adequate circulation is a) blood volume b) white blood cell count c) aerobic exercise d) effective respiration (Kaplan, Cardio B 17/30)

In formulating a nursing care plan for a patient following a myocardial infarction, the nurse should include which of the following goals? a) the patient will return to the pre-illness activity. b) the patient will achieve the optimum level of health c) the patient will be free from pain and dysrhythmias d) the patient will eliminate all stress from the lifestyle (Kaplan, Cardio B 18/30)

One week after discharge from the hospital, a client with heart failure (HF) comes to the cardiac clinic for a follow-up visit. Which of these statements, if made by the client to the nurse, indicates an improvement in the client's condition? a) "my clothes seem to be too tight." b) "i only sleep on one pillow/" c) "i'm really worried about going back to work." d) "i seem to empty my bladder less often than i used to." (Kaplan, Cardio B 19/30)

The nurse understands that the purpose of a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is to a) excise the vessel b) insert the graft c) repair the artery d) remove the clot (Kaplan, Cardio B 20/30)

A patient undergoes a cardiac catheterization. Following the procedure, the nurse discovers that the patient is bleeding from the cut-down site. Which action should the nurse take FIRST? a) take the patient's vital signs b) notify the physician c) apply pressure to the site d) reinforce the dressing over the site (Kaplan, Cardio B 21/30)

A continuous intravenous infusion of heparin is administered to a patient. It is MOST important for the nurse to have which of the following medications available? a) digitalis b) vitamin K c) magnesium sulfate d) protamine sulfate (Kaplan, Cardio B 22/30)

The nurse informs a patient with angina that some common side effects of nitroglycerin include which of the following? a) palpitations, hypertension, and tachycardia b) flushing, bradycardia, and muscle weakness c) dizziness, headache, and hypotension d) flushing, vertigo, and seizures (Kaplan, Cardio B 23/30)

The nurse understands that the cause of essential hypertension is a) a high-salt diet b) kidney disease c) obesity d) not known (Kaplan, Cardio B 24/30)

An older client has a medical history that includes hypertension. A public health nurse visits the client regularly and on each visit records the vital signs. The nurse expects which of the following findings for this client? a) temperature 99.5º F (37.5ºC), blood pressure 140/80, pulse 110, respirations 32 b) temperature 98.6º F (37ºC), blood pressure 120/80, pulse 78, respirations 16 c) temperature 99.9º F (37.7ºC), blood pressure 150/90, respirations 20 d) temperature 96.8º F (36ºC), blood pressure 160/92, pulse 80, respirations 24 (Kaplan, Cardio B 25/30)

The nurse understands that the pain of angina is caused by which of the following? a) insufficient oxygen in the heart muscles b) inflammation of the pericardium c) ineffective contractions of the heart muscles d) severe dysrhythmias (Kaplan, Cardio B 26/30)

When one nurse is performing CPR on an adult, which is the CORRECT ratio of compressions to breaths? a) 30 compressions to 2 breaths b) 30 compressions to 1 breath c) 15 compressions to 1 breath d) 15 compressions to 2 breaths (Kaplan, Cardio B 27/30)

The nurse cares for a patient immediately after a femoral-to-popliteal bypass graft. The nurse is MOST concerned if which of the following is observed? a) clammy skin b) poor skin turgor c) shortness of breath d) engorged neck veins (Kaplan, Cardio B 28/30)

The nurse understands that the antagonist of warfarin is which medication? a) protamine sulfate b) calcium c) imferon d) vitamin K (Kaplan, Cardio B 29/30)

A medical surgical unit is being converted into a cardiac unit due to increasing numbers if clients coming to the hospital with cardiac conditions. The nurse manager reviews with staff the differences between defibrillation and cardioversion. Which should the manager identify as characteristics that these two procedures have in common? a) location where procedure is done and use of sedation b) intended action and paddle placement c) timing of shock delivery and voltage used d) indication for procedure and informed consent (Kaplan, Cardio B 30/30)