Italian Renaissance – Flashcards

The Italian Renaissance was the earliest manifestation of the general European Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement that began in Italy during the 14th century and lasted until the 16th century, marking the transition between Medieval and Early Modern Europe.

Renaissance definition. The cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe from roughly the fourteenth through the middle of the seventeenth centuries, based on the rediscovery of the literature of Greece and Rome.

Renaissance art is the painting, sculpture and decorative arts of that period of European history known as the Renaissance, emerging as a distinct style in Italy in about 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music and science.

Niccolo Machiavelli - Niccolo Machiavelli may be the most famed writer of the Renaissance. His most well known work, The Prince is a political handbook arguing that it is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.

1. Humanism- A focus and study of ancient Greek and Roman texts and ideas. 2. Secularism- Not having to do with religion, a focus on non-religious matters. 3. Realism- An accurate portrayal of life and people, it shows life and people as they really are. 4. Individualism- A celebration of each person's unique accomplishments and talents.

1. Renaissance occurs in Italy because they were rediscovering the ideals of Anicent Rome. Since, Rome was the center of the empire. 2. The cities were not completely abandoned in Middle Ages which, lead to the cities to become more prosperous with trade and manufacturing. 3. Many merchants in Italy spent most of their money on art

Machiavelli was a diplomat and political adviser of the Republic of Florence. Machiavelli wrote the Prince because he wanted to reinstated in the Florence's stable government.

1400-1600

As medieval society was breaking down during and after the three great calamities (Plague, war, schism), it was then being reborn in other ways.

It started on the Italian Peninsula because... -It was really the center of the "known world" at the time. -Was INDEPENDENT (no outside rulers controlled it)(had individual city-state) -Had a VERY WEALTHY class of merchants -Was HOME TO THE ROMAN EMPIRE. (borrowed much of its cultural identity from the Greeks) -Had the BIGGEST CITY-STATES. (Florence)

One of the earliest and most influential humanists. -Was a great poet who wrote in Italian and Latin. -Wrote sonnets about a women named Laura (his ideal woman)

Famous painter who was one of the only ones to live through the medieval and renaissance. (Improved Greatly) -One of the first to use perspective. -referred to as "The Father of Modern Painting"

First Write of political science (how rulers rule, the nature of ruling, how to gain and keep power, what is power?) -Famous book "The Prince" -Promoted keeping power by any means. -Famous for the concept "The ends justify the means"

Designed the dome of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, painted the Sistine Chapel, and sculpted the marble David, among many other works.

-One of the best pure painters -Learned from all the other artists -His paintings are often softer, warmer, and more realistic.

The one most often referred to as "A renaissance Man" (man of many talents) -He was a sculptor, painter, engineer, inventor, early scientist, and a thinker.

HALO TEST- halo behind head=medievil -Floating=Renaissance COLORS TEST-mostly red and blue. No yellows, purples of greens=medieval -Bright, varying colors=renaissance HAND AND FOOT TEST- not proportional or drawn well=medieval -drawn well and realistic=Renaissance REALISM TEST- not realistic (ex. head looking way too far in one direction)= Medieval -Proportional drawing, spacing, figures, ect. =renaissance. CARTOON TEST- more cartoonish=medieval -more realistic=renaissance

The Northern Renaissance -The Renaissance that occurred in Northern Europe. -In the late 15th century, the ideas from the Italian Renaissance spread to Europe.

Machiavelli's book with the famous quote "The ends justify the means"