IS CH 4 – Flashcards
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False
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Advances in data storage have made routine violation of individual privacy more difficult
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False
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The last step in analyzing an ethical issue should be to identify the stakeholders - people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision.
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True
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Professionals take on special rights and obligations because of their special claims to knowledge, wisdom, and respect.
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True
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Privacy is the right to be left alone when you want to be, without surveillance or interference from other individuals or organizations.
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False
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Even in today's legal climate, there is little incentive for firms to cooperate with prosecutors investigating financial crimes at their firm
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True
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Spyware is software that comes hidden in downloaded applications and can track your online movements.
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True
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Most Internet businesses do very little to protect the privacy of their customers
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False
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The rate of global piracy is approximately 20%
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False
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Trade secret law does not protect the actual ideas in a work product
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True
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Copyright is the legal protection afforded intellectual property, such as a song, book, or video game.
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False
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The Copyright Office began registering software programs in the 1990s
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True
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The drawback to copyright protection is that the underlying ideas behind the work are not protected, only their reproduction in a product
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False
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According to the courts, the creation of software, unique concepts, general functional features, and even colors are protectable by copyright law
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False
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The key concepts in patent law are originality, novelty, and value
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False
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Despite the passage of several laws defining and addressing computer crime, accessing a computer system without authorization is not yet a federal crime
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False
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Any unsolicited e-mail is legally considered spam
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True
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The European Parliament has passed a ban on unsolicited commercial messaging
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True
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The most common type of computer-related RSI is CTS
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True
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Technostress is a computer-related malady whose symptoms include fatigue
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False
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Most American and European privacy law is based on a set of five principles called COPPA
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They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws
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Which of the following best describes how new information systems result in legal gray areas?
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ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues
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The introduction of new information technology has a
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property rights and obligations
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In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property fall within the moral dimension of:
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quality of life
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In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within the moral dimension of:
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increase in multimedia quality
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All of the following are current key technology trends raising ethical issues except
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profiling
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The use of computers to combine data from multiple sources and create electronic dossiers of detailed information on individuals is called
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Information rights and obligations
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Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of ChoicePoint raise
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new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources
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NORA is a
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responsibility
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Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for the decisions you make is referred to as:
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Firms should limit the length of time that any personal data is stored to six months or less
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Which of the following is not one of the practices added in 2010 by the FTC to its framework for privacy
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Accountability
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The feature of social institutions that means mechanisms are in place to determine responsibility for an action is called:
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due process
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The practice in law-governed societies in which laws are known and understood, and there is an ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly is called
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Assign responsibility
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Which of the following is not one of the five steps discussed in the chapter as a process for analyzing an ethical issue
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Kant's Categorical Imperative
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A colleague of yours frequently takes, for his own personal use, small amounts of office supplies noting that the loss to the company is minimal. You counter that if everyone were to take office supplies the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which historical ethical principle?
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acceptable, because the higher value is the survival of the family
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A classic ethical dilemma is the hypothetical case of a man stealing from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. If you used the Utilitarian Principle to evaluate this situation, you might argue that stealing the food is
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if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take
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Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative states that
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everything is owned by someone else, and that the creator wants compensation for this work
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The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that
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Risk Aversion Principle
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According to the ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm
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Privacy Act of 1974
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Which U.S. act restricts the information the federal government can collect and regulates what they can do with the information
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mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual
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FIP principles are based on the notion of the
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Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data
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The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that:
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HIPAA
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Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed
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much more stringent
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European privacy protection is ________ than in the United States
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develop equivalent privacy protection policies
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U.S. businesses are allowed to use personal data from EU countries if they
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on the visitor's computer
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When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored
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safe-harbour
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the U.S. Department of Commerce developed a ________ framework in order to enable U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries.
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encourages self regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members
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The Online Privacy Alliance
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opt-out
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A(n) ________ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.
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birthplace
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Types of information gathered by Web site tracking tools include all of the following except
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Software products are more easily compared to each other than books.
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Which of the following statements does not describe a key difference between software and books?
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the software is widely distributed
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The limitation of trade secret protection for software is that it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain when:
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intangible property created by individuals or corporations
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Intellectual property can best be described as
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Copyright law
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What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others
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the distinction between an idea and its expression
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"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with:
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grants a monopoly on underlying concepts and ideas
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The strength of patent protection is that it
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the years of waiting to receive it
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One of the drawbacks of patent protection is
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act
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Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials
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similar to books
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In general, it is very difficult to hold software producers liable for their software products when those products are considered to be
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Regulated common carriers
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________ are not held liable for the messages they transmit
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it is too expensive to create perfect software
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It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because
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data quality
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The most common source of business system failure is
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cannot be easily detected or deleted
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Flash cookies are different from ordinary cookies in that they
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blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time
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The "do anything anywhere" computing environment can
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it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people
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The practice of spamming has been growing because
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requires spammers to identify themselves
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The U.S. CAN-SPAM Act of 2003
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Quality of life
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Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming raise?
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increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses
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Re-designing and automating business processes can be seen as a double-edged sword
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digital
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The term "________ divide" refers to large disparities in access to computers and the Internet among different social groups and different locations
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yestrain related to computer display screen use
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CVS refers to:
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RSI
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________ can be induced by tens of thousands of repetitions under low-impact loads.
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False
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The principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals to make choices to guide their behavior are called morals
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behavioral targeting
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Advertisers use ________ in order to display more relevant ads based on user's search and browsing history.
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the slippery-slope rule
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Descartes' rule of change, that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all, is also known as:
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True
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Liability refers to the existence of laws that permit individuals to recover damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations
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False
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The Utilitarian Principle asks you to put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision
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False
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Safe harbor is informal permission to reuse data, given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision
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True
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A Web beacon is a tiny object embedded in e-mail messages and Web pages that is designed to monitor online Internet user behavior
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opt-in
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The ________ model prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use.
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patent
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A(n) ________ grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.
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true
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The commission of acts involving the computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical is called computer abuse.
