Introduction to Music #3 – Flashcards

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monody
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vocal style established in the Baroque, with a solo singer and instrumental accompaniment
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Doctrine of the Affections
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Baroque doctrine of the union of text and music
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basso continuo
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italian for "continuous bass." also refers to performance group with a bass, chordal instrument and one bass melody instrument (cello, bassoon)
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figured bass
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baroque practice consiting of an independent bass line that often includes numerals indicating the harmony to be supplied by the performer
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castrato
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male singer who was castrated during boyhood to preserve the soprano or alto vocal register, prominent in seventeeth and early eighteenth century opera
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opera
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music drama that is generally sung throughout, combining the resources of vocal and instrumental music with poetry and drama, acting and pantomime, scenery and costumes
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libretto
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text or script of an opera, oratoria, cantata, or musical written by a librettist.
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recitative
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solo vocal declamation that follows the inflections of the text, often resulting in a disjunct vocal style
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aria
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lyric song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, generally expressing intense emotion
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cantata
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vocal genre for solo singers, chorus, and instrumentalists based on a lyric or dramatic poetic narrative, generally consists of several movements, including recitatives, arias and ensemble numbers
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oratorio
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large scale dramatic genre originating in the baroque, based on text of religious or serious character, performed by solo voices, chorus, and orchestra; similar to opera but without scenery, costumes, or action
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overture
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an introductory movement, as in an opera or oratorio, often presenting melodies from arias to come, also an orchestral work for concert performance
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solo concerto
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instrumental genre in several movements for solo instrument (or instrumental group) and orchestra
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concerto grosso
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baroque concerto type based on the opposition between a small group of solo instruments and orchestra
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sonata de camera
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baroque chamber sonata, usually a suite of stylized dances
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sonata de chiesa
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baroque instrumental work intended for performance in church; in four movements, frequently arranged slow-fast-slow-fast
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trio sonata
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baroque chamber sonata type written in three parts:two melody lines and the basso continuo; requires a total of four players to perform
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suite
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multimovement work made up of a series of contrasting dance movement, generally all in the same key
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ground bass
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a repeating melody, usually in the bass, throughout a vocal or instrumental composition
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prelude
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instrumental work preceding a larger work
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fugue
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polyphonic form popular in the baroque era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint
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date of the middle ages?
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476-1450
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date of the renaissance?
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1450-1600
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date of the baroque?
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1600-1750
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true or false: Purcell is considered to be a composer of England's 1st important opera
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true
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true or false: the rejection of Italian opera is reflected in the French opera style associated with the composer Jean-Baptiste
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True
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true or false: the earliest opera plots were drawn from real-life situations
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false
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true or false: the masque was an English entertainment that combined music and poetry
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true
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true or false: Monteverdi was one of the first great composer of opera
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true
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true or false: despite being created in England, Purcell's opera were sung in Italian
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false
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What is the for monteverdi's opera The coronation of Poppea
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Roman history
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the most important new genre of the Baroque was:
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opera
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an operatic song in the form A-B-A, which allows for the soloist to embellish the last section, is called a:
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de capo aria
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an aria in an opera is characterized by:
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tuneful and highly emotive melodies
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the text of an opera is known as:
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libretto
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where was Purcell employed when he wrote Dido and Aeneas?
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he was a music teach in an all girl's school
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what is the structural basis for Dido's aria?
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ground bass
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the term "accompagnato" as opposed to "secco" describes a recitative in which:
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the orchestra accompanies the recitative
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The two instruments that provided Baroque accompaniment as a pair are referred to as?
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basso continuo
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Baroque composers often employed the doctrine of the affections in their works, resulting in:
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one mood throughout the piece or movement
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the artificially created male soprano, popular in the Baroque, is referred to as:
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castrato
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true or false: the Baroque was characterized by the predominant use of major-minor tonality
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true
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the baroque marks the introduction of solo song with instrumental accompaniment, called:
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monody
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true or false: the Baroque era was one of exploration and conquest
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true
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true or false: as musical instruments developed technically, the level of virtuosity rose in the Baroque
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true
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true or false: Bach wrote in most Baroque genres, except chamber music
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false
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true or false: J.S. Bach's church cantatas are single movement works
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false
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true or false: Handel's career was solely based on positions held in Germany
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false
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true or false: the name cantata is derived from the Italian cantare, to sing
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true
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what is not true of Baroque oratorio?
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it utilized scenery, acting, and costumes, just as in opera
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true or false: many of Bach's cantatas are based on Protestant chorale or hymn tunes
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true
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for which church did Bach write his cantatas?
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Lutheran
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the Baroque song concerto that is characterized by a solo instrument and orchestra is the:
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solo concerto
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a multimovement form based on the opposition of one player against a larger group:
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solo concerto
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what is the unifying procedure in the first movement of the Spring concerto?
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ritornello
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which Baroque composer was known as the "red priest"?
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Antonia Vivaldi
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the solo instrument featured in Vivaldi's Spring concerto is the:
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violin
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What make the Four Seasons a programmatic work?
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it is based on a set of poems, one for each season
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true or false: the two most popular types of concerto in the Baroque era were the solo concerto and the solo grosso
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true
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true or false: the strings of Baroque violin were made out of wrapped steel
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false
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true or false: a Baroque suite is originally a group of dances
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true
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where was the water music performed on July 17,1717?
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for a royal party on the Thames River
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Guarneri,Stradivarius, and Amati were all noted Baroque makers of which instruments?
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violin
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true or false: during the Baroque era, instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in history
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true
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Baroque trumpets were still "natural" meaning they:
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they were without valves
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true of false: recently, Baroque ensembles have sought to perform Baroque music authentically, on baroque style instruments
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true
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J.S. Bach and Handel were both masters on which instrument?
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organ
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what genre is a group of dance movements, usually in the same key?
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suite
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true or false: a ground bass is found in form built on repeating bass line
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true
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true or false: J.S. Bach's most comprehensive example of contrapuntal writing in his Art of Fugue
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true
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which Baroque keyboard instrument had strings that were plucked by quills?
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harpsichord
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true or false: augmentation refers to a melody in which the note values are made longer
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true
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a melody that is stated backward is said to be in:
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retrograde
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true or false: the piano was the most popular Baroque keyboard instrument
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false
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