Intro to Occupational Therapy Final Exam – Flashcards
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In occupational therapy intervention, the teaching of compensatory technique in order to enhance performance is known as
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adaptation
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a treatment activity which is directed towards a goal
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purposeful
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ability to carry out activities of daily life associated with primary roles
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occupational performance
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administers the OT certification test
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NBCOT
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approves a curriculum for OT education?
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ACOTE
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professional OT organization
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American Occupational Therapy Association, AOTA
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most influential; "Mother of OT"; started habit training
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Eleanor Clarke Slagle
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holistic approach; he was committed to a holistic perspective and developed the psychobiological approach to mental illness
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Adolf Meyer
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what is described as a re-education program designed to overcome disorganized habits, to modify other habits, and to construct new ones, with the goal of restoring and maintaining health; who developed it?
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habit training, Eleanor Clarke Slagle
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first occupational therapist; a nurse who was involved in the arts and crafts movement and in the training of nurses in the use of occupations, Wrote first book on OT.
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Susan Tracy
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Activity in which one engages that is meaningful & purposeful & central to one's identity
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occupations
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expected behavior, conduct
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Roles
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focus is on the client ; what does the person value in their life; An orientation that honors the client's desires and priorities in designing and implementing interventions
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Client-centered approach
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An educational program designed to teach a person to overcome a disability through training and education.
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remediation
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methods and techniques which facilitate the development or safe application of performance skills
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prevention
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situation in which something takes place; they can be cultural, physical, social, personal, spiritual, temporal, and virtual
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context
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purposeful activity
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Therapeutic occupation
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what drives you; motivation from within
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intrinsic motivation
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assisting another individual to learn and grow; to guide others to know and use their potential
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art of practice
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physician who concentrated on arts and crafts as part of treatment
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Herbert Hall
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what do you have to have to take an exam for OT
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masters degree
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to do good
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beneficence
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do no harm
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nonmaleficence
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Self choice, independence; self-determination
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autonomy
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discretion in keeping secret information
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Confidentiality
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fair treatment of all people in a society
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Social Justice
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comply with laws and regulations that guide the profession
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procedural justice
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truth telling
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veracity
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faithfulness; loyalty
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fidelity
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study of human conduct
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What are ethics?
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security and privacy of health care data
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HIPPA
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right and wrong
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morals
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understanding the client's diagnoses, skills, deficits, prognosis and goals
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clinical reasoning
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guidelines for behavior
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code of ethics
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what do we value; what do we believe in; the meaning of life
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philosophy
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holistic approach, engagement in occupations, purposeful activities, independent functioning
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List 4 components of the philosophical base of OT
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anything not human that is a tool of occupational therapy such as the use of adaptations on recreational equimpment
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non-human environment
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a tool of occupational therapy that breaks down the task and put it back together differently so that it can be done
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activity analysis and synthesis
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tool of occupational therapy where therapists learn to use their personality as a therapeutic tool to help clients achieve therapeutic goals
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conscious use of self
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tool of occupational therapy to teach people how to succeed
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teaching-learning process
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tool of occupational therapy where groups try out certain behaviors
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activity groups
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tool of occupational therapy that involves purpose to activity
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use of purposeful activity
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French physician who inspired the use of actives and occupations and moral treatment
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Phillipe Pinel
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viewed as the formal birth of OT
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March 1917
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change of the name to AOTA
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April, 1921
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Golden rule, treat with respect and compassion
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moral treatment
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what act provides civil rights to all individuals with disabilities
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Americans with disabilities act of 1990
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OT's have a Master's Degree & can do evaluations
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big difference between OTs and OTAs
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direct, close, routine, general
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Different types of supervision
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supervising therapist is in the immediate area at all times
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direct supervision
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daily, direct contact at the site of work
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close supervision
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face to face contact at least every 2 weeks at the site of work, with interim supervision through methods of telecommunication
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routine supervision
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initial direction and face to face contact with the supervising therapist at least once a month, interim supervision as needed by telecommunication
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general supervision
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these describe in specific terms how the intent of the law will be carried out
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regulations
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beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy & confidentiality, procedural justice, social justice, veracity, and fidelity
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Code of Ethics
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areas of occupation, client factors, performance skills, performance patterns, context & environment, activity demands
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The 6 Domains of OT
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Values, beliefs, spirituality, body functions, body structures
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Client Factors
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Occupational Therapy
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What do we provide?
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Occupation
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What do we address?
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cultural, personal, physical, social, temporal, virtual
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What is Context (Under domain of OT)
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developed to help OT practioners use the same language & constructs of occupation to serve clients & educate consumers
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Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF)
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objects used & their properties, space demands, social demands, required actions, required body functions
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Activity Demands
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clay, cooking, cleaning, daily functions of living
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What kind of activities can you include in treatment?
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passed in 1986 for children 3-5 years of age
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Handicapped Infant & Toddler Act
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each individual should be treated as a complete whole & not just parts
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holistic
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a belief that the client should be treated as a person, not an object
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humanistic
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approach used by the US Healthcare system where humankind is reduced to separately functioning body parts
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Reductionistic approach
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older adults living in their homes independantly or with minimal supervision
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Aging in place
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provides a guide for treatment. Proven results. Validates why you are doing treatment.
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Evidence based practice
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RA - Representatives Assembly
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Which part of AOTA is involved in policy making?
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1. Professional Standing & Repsponsibility 2. Screening, Evaluation, and Reevaluation 3. Intervention 4. Outcomes
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What areas are spelled out in Standards of Practice for OT?
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1. Referral 2. Screening 3. Develop Occupational Profile 4. Occupational Performance Analysis
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Steps in the Evaluation Process
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1. Develop goals for the client 2. Select activities 3. Direct intervention guide 4. Monitor results 5.
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Describe 5 general intervention approaches used in OT
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variety of disciplines that work together in a common setting (not interactive)
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Multidisciplinary team
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members cross over professional boundaries & share roles & functions
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transdisciplinary team
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members maintain their own professional while using a cooperative approach that is interactive and centered on a common problem to solve
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interdisciplinary team
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1. Entry 2. Intermediate 3. Advanced...
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Three levels of performance
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care of others, care of pets, child rearing, community mobilitiy, financial management,meal prep, religious ovservance and shopping
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Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)
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dressing, bathing, personal hygiene, bowel and bladder management, eathing, personal device care, sleep
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Activity of Daily Living (ADL)
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Infant: grow rapidly & achieve motor, social & cognitive skills Child: growth & refining of skills. Play is occupation Adolescence: develop sense of self, growing & getting stronger Adulthood: assume responsibility for own development Later adulthood: retirement & decrease in workload
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Changes in occupation across the life span
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operated by Federal or State governments. VA Hospitals, Public Health Services
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Public Agencies
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hospitals with religous affiliations, private teaching hospitals
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Private not-for-profit agencies
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Owned or operated by individuals or groups of investors
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Private for-profit agencies.
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day treatment settings or community agencies
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community based care
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Skilled nursing facilities
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Where do most OTA work right now?
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serves clients who are medically stable but who have a chronic condition requiring services over time
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Long-term care
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having a true measure of what it claims to measure
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validity
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a measure that test scores will be the same no matter who the examiner is
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Interrater reliability
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the first level on the continuum of care in which a client has a sudden and short-term need for services (hospital)
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acute care
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level where client needs care but does not require an intensive level or specialized service (rehab hospital)
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sub-acute care
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24-hour care provided for people with ongoing conditions who are generally unable to manage their ADLs
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Long-term care
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involves changing the process, environment, tools or materials of the activity to increase or decrease the performance demands of the client
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grading
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the process that changes an aspect of the activity or the environment to enable successful performance & accomplish a therapeutic goal
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adapting
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include sensory input, therapeutic exercise, orthotics/splinting
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prepatory method
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use techniques to establish skills that have not yet developed or restore those that have been lost
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restore (remediate)
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create, establish/restore (remediate), maintain, modify, prevent. This is developed one the evaluation is complete
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intervention plan
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summarizes the intervention and the client's progress towards the goals
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progress report
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Subjective Objective Assessment Plan
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SOAP note
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population continuum of function/dysfunction theory regarding change role of the practioner assessment instruments
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Frame of Reference (FOR)
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the ability of other parts of the brain to take over functions of damaged regions.
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brain plasticity
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A model of practice that purposes that OT practitioners examine how they may change the person, environment, or task so the client may engage in occupations.
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occupational adaptation
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Scientific, ethical, artistic
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elements of clinical reasoning
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the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
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altruism
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one's perception of actual characteristics, traits, and abilities
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real self
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type of reasoning that includes telling stories
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narrative
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describes the client's prgression from one type of setting to another within the same delivery system
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transition planning
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school setting require each child to have IEP completed by multidisciplinary team
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Individualized Eduacation Plan (IEP)
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Communicating or working together.
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interacting
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The fullest extent of possible movement in a particular joint.
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range of motion
