inorganic chemistry terms – Flashcards
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compound
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New substance that's formed when atoms that are different join
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Ion
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an atom with a positive or negative electric charge
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ionic bond
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Bond formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to the other
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macromolecule
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large
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biosynthesis
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must be made by living thing
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covalent bond
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a bond involving the sharing of electrons between atoms
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Energy
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ability to do work/putting matter into motion
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potential energy
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stored energy/energy not in use
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kinetic energy
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energy in motion/energy in use
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Chemical energy
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energy stored in the chemical bonds
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glucose
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the principal sugar in the blood; a monosaccharide
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metabolism
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sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in the body
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electrical energy
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energy from resulting from the movement of charged particles
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cation
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positive charge
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anion
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negative charge
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mechanical energy
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energy directly involved in putting matter into motion
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radiant energy
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energy of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes heat, light, ultraviolet waves, infrared waves and other forms
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homeostasis
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a state of the body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
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homogeneous
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of the same kind
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heterogeneous
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different content
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essential elements
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any chemical element that is required by an organism for healthy growth
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trace elements
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a chemical element present only in minute amounts in a particular sample or environment
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enzyme
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a substance formed by living cells that acts as a catalyst in bodily chemical reactions
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hemoglobin
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the oxygen-transporting pigment of the erythrocytes
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synthesis reaction
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chemical reaction in which larger molecules are formed from simpler ones
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anabolic
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put together
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decomposition reaction
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a destructive chemical reaction in which complex substances are broken down into similar ones
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catabolic
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break a part
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exchange reaction
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a chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken; atoms become combined with different Adams
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solute
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the dissolved substance in a solution
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solvent
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a liquid or gas in which smaller amounts of other substances, called solutes can be dissolved or suspended
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solution
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a homoegenous mixture of two or more components
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hydrolysis
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the process in which water is used to split a substance into smaller particles
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dehydration synthesis
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process by which a larger molecule is synthesized from smaller ones by the removal of a water molecule at each site bond formation
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salts
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ionic compound that dissociates into charged particles when dissolved in water
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