Info Tech 10 – Flashcards
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accounting
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The organizational department that records all financial activity from billing customers to paying employees.
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accounts payable
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The activity that shows the money a company owes to its suppliers for the materials and services it has received.
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accounts receivable
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The activity that shows what money has been received or is owed by customers.
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balance sheet
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Lists the overall financial condition of an organization.
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computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system
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Knowledge work systems that run programs to integrate the design and manufacturing activities. CAD/CAM is widely used in manufacturing automobiles.
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data
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Raw, unprocessed facts that are input to a computer system that will give compiled information when the computer processes those facts. Data is also defined as facts or observations about people, places, things, and events.
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data processing system (DPS)
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Transaction processing system that keeps track of routine operations and records these events in a database. Also called transaction processing system (TPS)
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data worker
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Person involved with the distribution and communication of information, such as secretaries and clerks.
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decision model
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The decision model gives the decision support system its analytical capabilities. There are three types of models included int he decision model: tactical, operational, and strategic models.
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decision support system (DSS)
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Flexible analysis tool that helps managers make decision about unstructured problems, such as effects of events and trends outside the organization.
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demand report
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A demand report is produced on request. An example is a report on the numbers and types of jobs held by women and minorities done at the request of the government.
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exception report
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Report that calls attention to unusual events
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executive information system (EIS) (ESS)
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Sophisticated software that can draw together data from an organization's databases in meaningful patterns and highly summarized forms.
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expert system
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Computer program that provides advice to decision makers who would otherwise rely on human experts. It's a type of artificial intelligence that uses a database to provide assistance to users.
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external data
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Data gathered from outside an organization. Examples are data provided by market research firms.
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general ledger
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Activity that produces income statements and balance sheets based on all transactions of a company.
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group decision support system (GDSS)
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System used to support the collective work of a team addressing large problems.
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human resources
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The organizational department that focuses on the hiring, training, and promoting of people, as well as any number of human-centered activities within the organization.
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income statement
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A statement that shows a company's financial performance, income, expenses, and the difference between them for a specific time period.
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information system
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Collection of hardware, software, people, data, and procedures that work together to provide information essential to running an organization.
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information systems manager
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Oversees the work of programmers, computer specialists, systems analysts, and other computer professionals.
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information worker
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Employee who creates, distributes and communicates information.
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internal data
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Data from within an organization consisting principally of transactions from the transaction processing system.
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inventory
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Material or products that a company has in stock.
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inventory control system
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A system that keeps records of the number of each kind of part or finished good in the warehouse.
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knowledge Work System (KWS)
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Specialized information system used to create information in a specific area of expertise.
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knowledge base
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A system that uses a database containing specific facts, rules to relate these facts, and user input to formulate recommendations and decisions.
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knowledge-based system
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Programs duplicating human knowledge. A type of artificial intelligence that uses a database to provide assistance to users.
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knowledge worker
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Person involved in the creation of information, such as an engineer and a scientist.
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management information system (MIS)
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Computer-based information system that produces standardized reports in a summarized and structure form. Generally used to support middle managers.
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marketing
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The organizational department that plans, prices, promotes, sells, and distributes an organization's goods and services.
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middle managmenet
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Middle-level managers deal with control and planning. They implement the long-term goals of the organization.
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office automation system (OAS)
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System designed primarily to support data workers. It focuses on managing documents, communicating, and scheduling.
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operational model
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A decision model that helps lower level managers accomplish the organization's da-to-day activities, such as evaluating and maintaining quality control.
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payroll
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Activity concerned with calculating employee paychecks.
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periodic report
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Reports for a specific time period as to the health of the company or a particular department of the company.
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production
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The organizational department that actually creates finished goods and services using raw materials and personnel.
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project manager
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Software that enables users to plan, schedule, and control the people, resources, and costs needed to complete a project on time.
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purchase order
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A form that shows the name of the company supplying the material or service and what is being purchased.
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purchasing
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Buying of raw materials and services
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research
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The organizational department that identifies, investigates, and develops new product and services.
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sales order processing
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Activity that records the demands of customers for a company's products or services.
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strategic model
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A decision model that assists top managers in long-range planning, such as stating company objectives or planning plant locations.
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supervisor
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Manager responsible for managing and monitoring workers. Supervisors have responsibility for operational matters.
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system software
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"Background" software that enables the application software to interact with the computer. System software consists of the operating system, utilities, device drivers, and language translators. It works with application software to handle the majority of technical details.
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tactical model
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A decision model that assists middle level mangers to control the work of the organization, such as financial planning and sales promotion planning.
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top management
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Top-level managers are concerned with long-range (strategic) planning. They supervise middle management
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transaction processing system (TPS)
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System that records day-to-day transactions, such as customer orders, bills, inventory levels, and production output. The TPS tracks operations and creates databases.
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user
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Any individual who uses a computer
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videoconferencing system
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Computer system that allows people located at various geographic locations to have in-person meetings.
