HWH CH. 17: China, Japan, Korea – Flashcards
Flashcard maker : Dennis Jennings
Who were the first sea-faring nation desiring to trade with China who arrived in 1514?
Portuguese
The Portuguese base of operations in China, granted when they arrived in China, was on this territory.
Macao
Which Chinese dynasty sent a fleet far into the Indian Ocean?
Ming
The peasant revolt that brought down the preoccupied Ming Dynasty, and precipitated the ascension to control of the Manchus, was led by this disgruntled worker.
Li Zicheng
The name of the Chinese dynasty established by the Manchus was the ________.
Qing Dynasty
In comparing Mongol and Manchu rule in China, which is more successful?
Mongol
Who was arguably the greatest ruler in Chinese history?
Kangxi
What were the results of the controversy over the policy of Jesuit missionaries accommodating Chinese religious beliefs in order to facilitate conversion to Christianity?
traditional Confucian rituals were civil ceremonies and can then be undertaken by Christian converts
Who was the primary fighting force of Qing China?
bannerman
What was the purpose of the Qing system known as diarchy was
all important administrative positions were shared equally with Chinese and Manchus
What was the main result of Qianlong?
mass corruption in courts
Dispute between the Russian tsar and the Qing was settled by the Treaty of _______.
Nerchinsk
Who issued the “Sacred Edict” declining proper Confucian behavior?
Kangxi
What were the effects of Qianlong’s trade policy with England?
export of tea and silk to England increased
Why had China’s population soared by the end of the 1700s?
peace, new crops, new species of rice
As manufacturing and commerce began to grow in Ming and Qing Chin, what did the elite prefer?
Agriculture
In Qing China, how was love viewed?
secondary consideration; distracted attention to larger family
What novel work is considered to be China’s most distinguished popular novel?
Dream of the Red Chamber
What was the outstanding example of Chinese architecture during the Ming and early Qing eras?
Imperial City in Beijing
What were probably the best-known artistic achievements of the Ming era?
blue and white porcelain
Who was the Japanese who seized Kyoto and spent his last years trying to consolidate his rule?
Oda Nobunaga
What were the accomplishments of Toyotomi Hideyoshi?
Located capital in Osaka; created national currency and extended Japan
The most powerful and lengthiest of all Japanese shogunates was begun by who?
Tokugawa Ieyasu
The modern-day name for the capital city of the Tokugawa shogunate is this.
Edo; Tokyo
Who was the first Jesuit missionary to arrive in Japan?
Francis Xavier
Why did Hideyoshi expelled missionaries from his domain in 1587?
activities to interfere with commercial interests; destroyed idols and shrines and turned temples into Christian schools and churches
In their attempt Tokugawa ruled through a coalition of daimyo and a council of elders called this.
bakafu
THe separate territories, or domains, of Tokugawa shogunate were called this.
domains (han)
During the “Great Peace” of the Tokugawa shogunate, what advances occurred?
rise in commerce and manufacturing banking flourished; growth of trade and industry; tech advances in agriculture and expansion of arable land
How did the Tokugawa shoguns exerted control over the daimyo?
Compelling daimyo lords to maintain 2 residences; one in own domain and other at Edo; families at Edo as hostages for daimyo’s good behavior
By the mid-eighteenth century, Edo was one of the world’s largest cities, with a population of ________.
Over one million
By the eighteenth century, __ had placed __ as the cloth of choice for most Japanese.
cotton; hemp
In order to enhance its authority over the general population including the peasants, the shogunate relied upon this method.
relied on Confucian maxims advocating obedience and hierarchy to enhance its authority; decreases from bakufu
Saikaku was a major Japanese novelist who wrote about this.
Fice Women who Loved Love; broke Confucian ethics
What was Basho known for?
poetry
Unemployed samurai warriors were known as the __.
Ronin
What were all the subjects of Japan’s “Dutch Learning”
western medicine, astronomy, and languages; led to experimentation with oil paintings and ideas of perspective
The purpose of the Treaty of Nerchinsk was this
settled boundary dispute and provided for regular trade between two countries; pacify Northern frontier and extended rule over Xinjiang and Tibet to the west and southwest; tributary relations were established
As a result of the King Sonjo of Korea refusing an alliance, __ invaded the Korean Peninsula in 1592.
Toyotomi Hidyoshi
Who were the yangban in Korea?
restrict entry into bureaucracy to members in aristocratic class; “to groups” civilian and military
