Human Development-Test 1 – Flashcards
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Physical Development-biological changes of the body-includes genetics, birth process, brain development, and motor skills Cognitive-child's reasoning, concepts, memory, and language, social responses, mental processes, different environments for learning Social-emotional development-modifications that occur in emotions, self concept, motivation, social relationship and moral reasoning and behavior-family foundations, personality, talents, sensitivity, behavior, self-esteem
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What are the three developmental domains? examples of each?
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Nature-inherited characteristics and tendencies that influence development (genetics)-eye color, hair color Nurture-enviromental conditions-anything outside of genetics-where a person grew up, religion, how much food was given
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What is nature vs. nurture. Provide an example of each
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Universality-developmental changes that occur in everybody-need for nutrients Diversity-different individual progress in different ways, high individually-taste preferences, family make up, personality, when one starts walking
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What is the difference between universality and diversity?
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learning a language, vision, hearing, (a period in development when certain environmental experiences have a more pronounced influence that is true at other times)
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what are some examples of a sensitive period?
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Qualitative-dramatic changes or essence in underlying structure-self control, running vs. walking one word-sentences Quantitive-gradual progression with many small additions and modifications-weight, height
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Which would best illustrate qualitative and quantitive changes in development?
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how beliefs and goals influence actions and how they often learn by observing
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Social learning theory can best be characterized as being concerned with?
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sample-specific participants in a research study population-large group of individuals the sample represents
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In developmental research, what do sample and population mean?
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Surveys or interviews because it could gain a large set of students input
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Imagine that you want to find out which foods in a school cafeteria are most of interest to teenagers. Which data collection technique would be most helpful for this purpose?
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Validity-Does the measure assess what the researcher wants to assess? Reliability-does the measure provide consistent, dependable results?
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If we say that a particular data collection method has high reliability, we that it does what? what about validity? How are they different?
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2 groups controlled-stays exactly the same experimental Random assignment
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What are the essential components of an experimental study?
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Cross sectional study
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A researcher wants to know if a children's attitude about voting changing as they get older. To find out, the researcher gives a question about voting to 100 fourth graders, 100 seventh graders and 100 tenth graders. Which one of the following research designs does this study best reflect?
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studies one group of students/children for a long period of time, several year, even decades
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In a longitudinal study, a researcher does what?
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It is important to tell the child they have been adopted and so there is not trust issues in the future. Adoptive children seem to cope best when the adoption is talked about openly.
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Two parents have just adopted a baby girl from ethiopia. Like them, she has brown eyes and brown hair and could easily pass as they biological child. As she grows older, they can best foster her social emotional development by doing what? Should they pretend she's their biological child? Why?
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encourage contact with friends and family, listening to concerns, firm and consistent expectations
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How can you support students whose parents are divorcing?
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(high acceptance and control), emotional warmth, high expectations and standards for behavior, consistent enforcement of rules, explanations regarding the reasons behind these rules, and include children in the decision process
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Authoritative parent can best be characterized as having which type of relationship?
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permissive
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Earlier in the evening 8 year old Jim refused to eat his dinner. Now it is almost midnight on a school night. Jim is eating a third bowel of ice cream and tells his mother. I am not ready to go to bed yet. I want to watch more TV. His mother says, Okay, honey I will watch it with you for a while. Which of the following parenting styles is Jim's mom displaying?
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uninvolved
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Five year old Rene is easily frustrated and loses control of her emotions. She often comes to school hungry or inappropriately dressed for the weather. Her parents are displaying what parenting style
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failing to provide food, clothing, shelter, health care and don't supervise children, physical harm,
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What are some signs of child abuse and neglect
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Get to know families communicate with all caregivers establish rapport right away help families understand developmental trends, age-related behaviors steps in their shoes remember that parents view children behavior as a reflection of their own competence When appropriate, visit families in their homes Be alert cultural differences reflect on and curb biases build relationships with families from all backgrounds encourage families to get involved address barriers to involvement asking family about sharing talents use a variety of communication formats accommodate language and literacy differences inform parents of services
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What are some recommended strategies for getting students' parents involved in school activities?
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Asian
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A father worries that his chronically misbehaving son will not bring honor to the family. Without knowing anything else about the family, what do you think his cultural heritage is?
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assimilation
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The herman family immigrated from Germany to the United States three generations ago. The hermans have totally embraced the values and customs of the Untied States. This form of acculturation is known as
