Human Anatomy And Physiology Test Questions – Flashcards
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Atria
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Two of the upper cavities of the heart
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Ventricles
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Two of the lower cavities of the heart
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Cardiovascular System
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Capillaries converge into venules, which in turn converge into veins that return blood to the heart, completing the closed system of blood circulation.
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Pulmonary Circuit
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Sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and unload carbon dioxide.
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Systemic Circuit
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Sends oxygen rich blood and nutrients to all body cells and removes wastes.
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Pericardium
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is a double-layered sac that encloses the heart and the proximal ends of the large blood vessels to which it attaches.
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Fibrous Pericardium
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The outer layer consist of a fibrous bag.
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Visceral Pericardium
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The innermost layer, the visceral pericardium (epicardium), covers the heart.
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Epicardium
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Corresponds to the visceral pericardium, protects the heart by reducing friction.
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Myocardium
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The thick middle layer of the wall of the heart.
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Endocardium
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The inner layer wall of the heart.
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Septum
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A solid wall-like structure that separates the atrium and ventricle on the right side from their counterparts on the left.
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Tricuspid Valve
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Has three tapered projections called cusps as its name implies, lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
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Chordae Tendineae
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Strong, fibrous strings that attach to the cusps of the tricuspid valve on the ventricular side.
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Papillary Muscles
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Is where the chord tendineae originate from small mounds of cardiac muscle tissue.
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Mitral Valve
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Or bicuspid valve, which prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium from the left ventricle.
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Aorta
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Large Artery
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Aortic Valve
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At the base of the aorta, which consists of three cusps
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Atrial Systole
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When the atria contract
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Ventricular Diastole
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When ventricular relax
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Functional Syncytium
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A mass of merging cells that act as a unit
