HSC4713: Exam 2 Module 8-15 – Flashcards

An intervention is the __________.

The Responsibilities and Competencies for Health Educators that is related to creating an intervention is __________.

Health communication strategies are __________.

SMOG, Fog-Gunning, and Fry are all __________.

A written plan outlining what those in the priority population will be taught is called __________.

Health-related community service strategies __________.

Behavior modification __________.

Health educators who choose to use incentives should NOT __________.

Alcoholics Anonymous, Weight Watchers, and Gamblers Anonymous are all examples of __________.

The first three considerations when creating a health promotion intervention, as described in your text, include __________.

In the Multidirectional Communication Model, communication does NOT occur through __________.

Factors that affect how we communicate, understand, and respond to Health Information are called __________.

Dose refers to the number of components that make up an intervention.

A strategy is a general plan of action for affecting a health problem, and is limited to only one activity.

It is best to stay with one channel of communication when preparing to reach various cultural groups with health messages.

Health policy/enforcement strategies often need to be presented in light of the common good.

Strategies that do not necessarily require action on the part of the priority population are Environmental Change Strategies.

A person who organizes a community coalition to enact changes that influence health is using the advocacy strategy of direct lobbying.

Social reinforcers and material reinforcers are two categories of incentives.

The American Public Health Association and Centers for Disease Control guidelines for establishing feasibility of health promotion programs included the criterion that health promotion programs should make optimum use of available resources.

The term "best practices" refers to recommendations for an intervention based on review of many studies that substantiate the intervention's efficacy.

Although using multiple strategies in an intervention may be cumbersome, it is worthwhile because they are much easier to evaluate.

Adults are motivated to learn by the need to solve problems.

There are 10 points for the 6 phases of policy modification.

All EXCEPT which of the following are characteristics of those in communities?

The methods of professional change that deal with issues beyond the individual, family, and small group level are called __________.

Which of the following is NOT an assumption that must be made by those who assist with community organizing?

Internal recognition of a community issue or concern is referred to as __________.

When someone from outside of a community recognizes a problem within that community __________.

Supporting participants of a community organization effort __________.

Health educators who work with groups of volunteers should remember that __________.

A successful coalition __________.

Guidelines to reaching consensus include __________.

Secondary building blocks in a community map are __________.

Because community organization is so limited in scope, this function only relates to Responsibility III, Implementing Health Education.

According to your text, community organizing is the science of building consensus within the democratic process.

The best known categories of community organization are locality development, social planning, and social action.

The first step in community organizing is recognizing the issue.

Humor, gestures, expectations, and values of different groups within a community should be avoided by those trying to work within that community.

Primary building blocks are the least accessible assets in the mapping community capacity model.

Community stakeholders must be the ones to establish priorities and set goals if community organizing is to succeed.

Welfare expenditures, public capital information expenditures, and public information are considered secondary building blocks.

Looping back is the middle step in the community organizing and building process.

A coalition is the formal alliance of organizations working for a common goal.

According to your text, tasks related to identifying and allocating resources come from all EXCEPT which of the following areas of responsibility for health educators?

Regarding personnel available for program implementation, planners should first __________.

Which of the following questions would NOT be included on a checklist to evaluate vendors of products or services?

Advantages of using internal health education program personnel include __________.

When program planners select a curriculum to use, they should __________.

When evaluating materials using the SAM method, learning stimulation and motivation can be rated by __________.

Which of the following is NOT normally a component of a canned health education program?

For purposes of program planning, equipment and supplies __________.

Charging members of the priority population for a health education intervention __________.

Third-party payers for health education programming __________.

Resources include the human, fiscal, and technical assets available to plan, implement, and evaluate a program.

When individuals who are part of a priority population also serve to educate their population, the process is called external sourcing.

A local speaker's bureau can provide excellent program resources as well as improved public relations and recognition.

It is important to determine if a vendor's costs for services or products are competitive with costs of other vendors.

A person with the ability to understand and respect values, attitudes, beliefs, and mores that differ across cultures, and is able to respond appropriately to these differences is culturally sensitive.

The SAM list is used when planners need to complete a Strategic Assessment Map (SAM).

Health educators should consider whether a canned program they are thinking about using will be enjoyable for the priority population.

Grant funding, which is available for a limited time period is often called soft money.

In-kind support occurs when generous people provide the cash to get a program started.

Even though they are not paid, it is important for volunteers to have a job description.

One person can grasp all the information and skills necessary to plan and implement an intervention.

Which of the following is NOT a key principle for marketing of products and programs?

Segmentation of a priority population __________.

Which of the following is NOT a criterion to consider potential population segments?

A person who stands in line all night long to be the first to buy the newest version of the iPad, could be considered a(n) __________.

Related to the four marketing variables, which of the following is an important core benefit as it relates to health?

Considering the attributes of a particular product as they would appeal to the priority population is referred to as a(n) __________.

All EXCEPT which of the following are topics a planner would want to receive feedback on during a pretest?

Increasing product awareness, persuading people to purchase a product, and reminding people that a product exists are all primary purposes of which marketing variable?

A brand __________.

The second pretesting phase __________.

Responsibilty VII, Competency 7.2 of Responsibilities and Competencies for Health Educators is Identify and Develop a variety of communication strategies, methods and techniques. This is particularly helpful for marketing skills.

The process of marketing works on the underlying theory of exchanging ideas.

Psychographic segmentation can be based on criteria such as health insurance and health behavior.

Using the Diffusion Theory for marketing a health program is helpful because it allows marketers to use different techniques based on the type of people involved.

Always consider the competition when developing health promotion interventions.

Marketing's traditional "Four P's" include product, price, priority, and promotion.

Considering whether or not a person is ready to find out if she is HIV positive is an emotional price of participating in a health program.

Health promotion programs are always better if they can make a profit.

A strong brand can be harmful to product image.

Pretesting ensures planners are going to be successful in implementing their interventions.

One of the Areas of Responsibility that does not have competencies directly applicable to implementing a health promotion program is __________.

The simplest form of timetable for program planners is the __________.

A Gantt chart __________.

********************************Which of the following is NOT a common way to start putting health plans into action?

Which of the following is an advantages of using a pilot program?

Program launch, rollout, or kickoff are all terms that describe the first day of a program, and they are an extension of the marketing principle of __________.

When participants of a health program confirm that they understand what the program is all about with their signature, they are completing the __________ process.

Which of the following is NOT part of a checklist of emergency care plan items?

The ethical principle of nonmaleficence is __________.

When no one, including planners of a health promotion intervention, can connect a participant's identity to information related to the program it is called __________.

Which of the following is not found in the most basic form of a Logic Model?

Which of the following is NOT critical to the long term success of a Health Promotion Program?

The act of converting planning, goals, and objectives into action is called implementation.

A PERT chart is a user-friendly, simple way to track events in planning and implementation.

The process of achieving results through controlling human, financial, and technical resources is known as management.

Tying your new program to an event in the news or current health issue is called using a news hook.

The final phase of the implementation process is to evaluate it.

Once planners have obtained a release of liability from participants, planners cannot be sued as a result of the program.

If a health educator failed to provide accurate information about prevention of infectious disease, it could be considered negligence through an act of commission.

A program procedural manual can help to avoid Type III errors.

Ongoing observation and evaluation during a program can help in readjusting strategies or components if problems develop.

Planners should keep all stakeholders informed throughout the program process.

Health promotion programs for people with disabilities should have an underlying conceptual framework.

A logic model visually conveys the connection between a program and the desired outcomes.

Responsibility IV of the Responsibilities and Competencies for Health Educators, Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education, specifically addresses evaluation through all EXCEPT which of the competencies listed below?

Formative evaluation __________.

Treadmill tests or percent body fat relate to which type of standard of acceptability?

Checking to see whether or not a program is being implemented as it was intended is an example of __________.

Summative evaluation __________.

Changed knowledge, attitudes, or skills are measures of __________.

Utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy __________.

Distinguishing between cause and effect __________.

External program evaluation __________.

A suitable program evaluation consultant __________.

The most critical purposes of program evaluations are assessing and improving quality, and determining effectiveness.

As it applies to health promotion, evaluation has been defined as the comparison of an object of interest against a standard of acceptability.

The true mark of program success should always be linked to the extent to which its goals and objectives are achieved.

Step 1 of the CDC's framework for program evaluation is to gather credible evidence.

A logic model is often used for Step 2 of the CDC's framework for program evaluation.

Baseline data are collected immediately following the end of a short term program.

The best way to keep summative evaluation results from being biased is to wait until the project's end to plan them.

An institutional review board is available to provide methodological guidance to evaluators, but is limited to survey research only.

In order to be ethical, an evaluation should be reported in an identical format to all interested groups.

The evaluation planning process should include a determination of how the results will be used.

The term evaluation design __________.

As a part of comprehensive evaluation strategies, assessing capacity means __________.

The extent to which a program was delivered as planned or as per protocol is called __________.

Contracting with a small group of professionals who are not associated with the program, but who have expertise in the program area, to collect data, analyze the program, draw conclusions, and recommend action is called __________.

Which of the following is TRUE about pretesting?

A process that determines how many dollars will be returned for dollars invested in a health promotion program is called __________.

Step 2 of the model for selecting an evaluation design found in your text involves ___________.

Which of the following is NOT a practical way to use quantitative and qualitative measures in evaluation?

The following evaluation design is called __________. (R) O1 X O2 (R) O1 O2

A threat to internal validity, which brings about differences in experimental and control groups due to lack of randomization is called __________.

Evaluation processes and designs are most closely related to Area of Responsibility IV for Health Educators.

Dose is a measurement of any confounding factors that could affect program participation or results.

Reach is a term that describes the proportion of the priority population given the opportunity to participate in the program.

Although summative evaluation can be helpful, it is often sufficient to complete process evaluation measures and avoid costly summative evaluation measures.

Evaluations are not of much benefit to programmers unless they are fully researched, and the ideal evaluation is conducted.

The qualitative method of evaluation is a deductive method.

A group of people who meet regularly to discuss problems and identify possible solutions is called a quality circle.

The best research designs involve having widely diverse control and experimental groups.

One way to determine the effects of a program over time is to use a staggered treatment design.

The extent to which a program can be expected to produce similar effects in other populations is known as external validity.

Coded data __________.

All EXCEPT which of the following are ways to ensure that evaluation results are used?

A __________ is a characteristic or attribute that can be measured or observed.

A visual depiction of how one category differs from another in an evaluation is best shown by __________.

__________ statistics are concerned with relationships and causality.

The abstract section of an evaluation report __________.

Evaluating whether student stress can be predicted by lack of sleep, nutritional habits, employment, and interpersonal relationships would be accomplished using __________.

Which of the following is NOT a recognized method to interpret data as outlined by Fitzpatrick in your text?

Chi-square analysis ___________.

Analysis of variance __________.

Measures of spread or variation include __________.

A common problem associated with evaluation is inadequate documentation of methods, results, and data analysis.

Competencies 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5 of Area of Responsibility IV are all relevant to data analysis and reporting.

Analysis of two variables is called multivariate analysis.

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is a Type I error.

The alternative hypothesis holds that there is no observed difference between groups.

An independent t-test of statistical significance can be used to study differences between two groups at a single point in time.

Multivariate data analyses are the most basic and most easily interpreted tests of significance.

If variable B increases as variable A increases, it is referred to as a positive correlation.

Without statistical significance, practical significance is of little value.

The number and type of evaluation reports needed should be determined as soon as the program is completed.