question

Vigiles

answer

Began as early Roman firefighters and eventually became the first civil police force designed to protect citizens

question

Frank pledge or mutual pledge

answer

created in the 19th century by King Alfred the Great of England and King Cnute II of Denmark, a form of community self-protection

question

The Watch and Ward The Hue and Cry The Parish Constable Availability of Arms for men

answer

Established in 1285 the Statute of Winchester

question

The Parish Constable

answer

law enforcement officer usually unpaid and part-time serving a parish - known as high constable

question

Henry Fielding

answer

Bow Street Runners

question

Robert Peel

answer

credited with establishing the first police department in London, England

question

Robert Peels 9 Principles

answer

1. prevent crime and disorder 2. perform duties dependent on the public approval of police actions 3. secure the willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public 4. cooperation of the public that can be secured diminishes proportionately to the necessity of the use of physical force 5. seek and preserve public favor not by catering to public opinion but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law 6. use physical force to the extent necessary to secure observance of the law 7. maintains relationships with the public the gives reality to the historic tradition that police are the public and the public are the police. 8. police should always direct their action strictly towards their functions and never appear to usurp the power of the judiciary 9. test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder, not visible evidence of police action in dealing with it.

question

Boston

answer

the first American police Department was organized in 1838

question

Slave Patrols

answer

the precursor to the American system of policing

question

County Sheriff, town marshal

answer

only law enforcement officers available on the American frontier

question

Posse Comitatus

answer

Power of the Country

question

Corpus Delicti

answer

concrete evidence of the crime

question

Texas Rangers

answer

first state police agency

question

Wickersham Commission

answer

1929, President Herbert Hoover created the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement

question

Knapp Commission

answer

Commission to investigate alleged police corruption

question

Kerner Commission

answer

The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, released a report stating, "Our nation is moving toward two societies, one black, one white, separate and unequal

question

August Vollmer

answer

Chief of police in Berkeley and instituted many practices that started to professionalize the U.S. police, including incorporating university training as a part of police training

question

O.W. Wilson

answer

noted for developing modern management and administrative techniques for policing

question

Local

answer

The majority of law enforcement agencies in America are..

question

2.5

answer

Nationwide, 2008, the sworn law enforcement employee average was ___ law enforcement employees per 1,000 Citizens

question

Edgar Hoover

answer

the first director of the FBI

question

Chain of Command

answer

the management concept that says each individual in an organization is supervised by one immediate supervisor who in turn reports to a higher supervisor

question

Span of control

answer

the number of officers or subordinates a supervisor can supervise effectively

question

Pendleton Act

answer

civil service system was created

question

merit

answer

the civil service system

question

Civilianization

answer

the process of removing sworn officers from non-enforcement jobs and replacing then by non sworn personnel

question

Patrol

answer

an example of an operations unit in a police department

question

Personnel

answer

an example of an administrative unit in a police department

question

Communications

answer

an example of an auxiliary unit in a police department

question

job analysis

answer

identifies the important tasks performed by police officers and the identifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary to perform those tasks

question

job related

answer

a proper job analysis is done, tests in the police screening process are considered to be ___

question

maturity

answer

Hard Saxenian says is the single most important criterion in the police selection process

question

Women

answer

physical agility testing has been criticized for discriminating against this group

question

written entrance exam

answer

the stage of the police selection process receives the most litigation

question

Candidates who cannot perform the required job tasks

answer

Medical examination screens out what group

question

broadening

answer

The Sherman Report criticized current police higher education and suffused that higher education programs for the police should offer a what kind of experience

question

Medicine

answer

The Sherman Report suggested recruiting police applicants from what college programs

question

Height and weight requirements for candidates

answer

The U.S. Supreme Court case of Southward v. Rawlinson (1977) dealt with what

question

20/20

answer

police agencies require a vision of a police applicant to be correctable to what

question

10 years; 5 years

answer

According to John Firman, the research director for the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), the most common retraction on hiring applicant for police service with a history of drug use has to be how many years clean of hard drugs and how long clean from marijuana

question

psychological and medical evaluation

answer

after the conditional offer of employment has been made to a potential police applicant the final stage of the selection process is

question

oral board

answer

can be used to examine a candidate's characteristics that might be otherwise difficult to assess, including poise, presence, and communication skills

question

Tennessee v. Garner

answer

1985, the fleeing felon rule was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in what case

question

property

answer

police make more arrests for what crimes than any other types

question

motor vehicle or traffic related issues

answer

most police contracts involve

question

Tainted Occupation

answer

Egon Bittner has stated that police work has, from its earliest origins have been

question

maintaining order, and protecting life and property

answer

Sheehan and Cordner state that the two primary goals and objectives of police departments are

question

Enforcers Optimists Realists

answer

Broderick's police operational styles

question

Agression

answer

NOT of of James Q. Wilson's operating styles

question

The police want to show they have a caring attitude toward the community

answer

not one of the reason police exercise discretion

question

The Blue Wall of Silence

answer

refusal of some police officers to report fellow officer's misconduct

question

Characteristics of Police culture

answer

Clannishness Isolation from the public Secrecy Honor Loyalty Individuality

question

Police personality

answer

Authoritarianism Suspicion Hostility Insecurity Conservatism Cynicism

question

Danger, Isolation from the Public, and Authority

answer

Elizabeth Burbeck and Adrian Furnham identified three important features of an officer's working personality

question

law enforcement "working personality"

answer

stems from socialization process in the training academy, field training, and patrol experience

question

the moral dilemma of using evil means to achieve good ends

answer

The Dirty Harry dilemma

question

External Stress

answer

Stress produced by real threats and dangers, such as responding to gun runs and other dangerous assignments

question

Personal Stress

answer

Stress produced by the interpersonal characteristics of belonging to the police organization, such

question

Organizational Stress

answer

Stress produced by element inherent in the quasi-biliary character of the police service, such as adjusting to changing tours of duty, odd working hours, and working holidays

question

Operational Stress

answer

Stress produced by the daily need to confront the tragedies of urban life, such as the need to deal with derelicts, criminals, and the mentally disturbed, and the need to engage in dangerous activity to protect a public that appears to be unappreciative of the police

question

New Orleans

answer

The first African-American police officers were appointed here

question

Los Angeles

answer

First officially appointed policewoman in here

question

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

answer

A possible cause for the acceptance of women in police departments in the late 1960s and early 1970s

question

Indianapolis

answer

1968, first police department to assign women to patrol duties where they wore a uniform and drove a marked police patrol vehicle

question

Race/color Religion National Origin Gender

answer

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was designed to prohibit job discrimination based on what class

question

Disparate Treatment

answer

most prevalent early form of discrimination

question

Reasonable

answer

Griggs v. Duke Power Company (1971), Supreme Court established job requirements must be

question

Affirmative Action

answer

requires employers to take active steps to ensure equal employment opportunity and to redress past discrimination

question

Organizational value systems of ethics The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics An Oath of Office

answer

an example of the ethical standards established to determine how police officers should act

question

Decertification

answer

an administrative action coordinated through a state police standards organization that will determine whether cause exists to strip an officer of his or her certification to be a police officer

question

Noble Cause Corruption

answer

The most prevalent type of corruption in law enforcement

question

Brutality

answer

When excessive force is used with the public and there is a significant disparity between the level of compliance by the person and the level of force used by the officer

question

The investigation turned up insufficient evidence to prove the allegation

answer

According to a Department of Justice study to most common disposition of 26,000 complaints of excessive force against police officers was

question

Citizen Review Boards Better Applicant Screening Improved Training of Cadets and Officers

answer

Proposals as a solution to police brutality

question

42 U.S.C. 1983

answer

Police officers who violate a person's civil rights can be sued in federal court under what act

question

It improves public trust and confidence in law enforcement it can monitor and review departmental policies that lead to citizen complaints hit can provide an independent evaluation of citizen complaints

answer

Arguments in favor of citizen review boards

question

Grass-Eaters

answer

Officers who participate in more passive types of police corruption

question

Meat-Eaters

answer

Officers who participate in more aggressive types of corruption by seeking and taking advantage of opportunities for corruption

question

Biased-Based Policing

answer

Any police-initiated activity that relies on a person's race or ethnic background as a basis for suspicion in involvement in criminal activity

question

Retroactive investigation of past crimes by detectives

answer

not one of the three traditional ways to do police work in the US

question

Omnipresence

answer

Random patrolling is commonly believed by police to create a sense of what

question

human relations

answer

everything done with each other as human being in all kinds of relationships is the definition of

question

riots and civil disorders of the 1960s

answer

the police-community relations movement (PCR) developed out of

question

sensitivity training

answer

The human relations training program that is designed to provide participants an opportunity to learn more about themselves and their impact on others

question

postitive

answer

James Q. Wilson said the single most striking fact about the attitudes of citizens, both black and white, towards police is that these attitudes are generally

question

does not support the police

answer

most police officers feel that the public

question

Ensure that minority groups are adequately represented in a jurisdiction's police department

answer

one of the best ways to improve relationships between the police and minority groups is

question

Triad

answer

police departments have created numerous special programs to assist with the challenges faced by the aging population

question

The mentally ill

answer

U.S. Supreme Court case Zinermon v. Burch dealt with

question

Ask television and radio stations to publicize a "crime of the week" so citizens can call tips into special police phone numbers

answer

Crime stoppers is a program in which police

question

Community policing

answer

The Executive Sessions on Policing focused and debated on the use and price of

question

foot patrol

answer

1960s changes in police management led to the abandonment of

question

Broken Windows: The Police and Neighborhood Safety

answer

Modern community policing began with James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling's article

question

Public drinking Commercial Sex Street Harassment

answer

the human behaviors found by Wesly Skogan to be extremely disruptive to the community

question

More realistic knowledge of police functions recognition of the interrelationships among police functions acknowledgment of the limited capacity of the police to accomplish their jobs on their own and of the importance of an alliance between the police and the public

answer

most important benefits of community policing, according to Herman Goldstein

question

Numerous Times

answer

With incident-driven policing officers tend to respond to similar incidents at the same location how often

question

Herman Goldstein

answer

The concept of problem-solving policing can be attributed to who

question

Underlying causes of incidents

answer

Problem-Oriented policing involves officers dealign with what

question

Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment

answer

SARA problem solving model

question

Strategic Policing

answer

a continued reliance on tradition policing operations

question

Achieving Community Together (ACT)

answer

Texas State University worked with the San Marcos, Texas, Police Department to develop what campaign

question

Disallowed the "silver platter Doctrine"

answer

Week v. US (1914) - warrantless seizure of items from a private residence constitutes a violation of the 4th Amendment

question

Establishes what later became known as the "fruit of the poisonous tree" doctrine

answer

Silver throne Lumber Co v. US (1920) - to permit into evidence derivatives from illegally seized evidence would encourage police to circumvent the 4th Amendment

question

That evidence obtained in violation of the 4th Amendment may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts

answer

Mapp v. Ohio

Howard Police Systems and Practices – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards