HN&F: Final – Flashcards
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Impaired development or function that results from an inadequate intake, absorption, or utilization of the nutrients needed for optimal growth, development, and body function is best termed...
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Undernutrition
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Approximately how many Americans live at or near the poverty level of $22,350 annually for a family of four?
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50 million
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Don is suffering from malnutrition. Which of the following might be true of his condition?
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He could be suffering from undernutrition or overnutrition
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The primary cause of chronic hunger is
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poverty
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Which of the following is not true about the effects of undernutrition in poor countries?
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Symptoms of underweight rarely result in deficiencies
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Which of the following is true about chronic hunger in the world?
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The primary cause of hunger is poverty.
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Which of the following is not true about "new biotechnology"?
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It has no beneficial applications that are without significant risks
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The consequences of undernutrition are most critical during
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infancy
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The single most effective health advantage for people wherever they live is
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safe and convenient water supply
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All of the following are results of undernutrition except
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coronary heart diease
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All of the following are true about undernutrition during pregnancy except
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only the mother is affected significantly
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What is the term to describe failing health that results from a long-standing dietary intake that either fails to meet or greatly exceeds nutritional needs?
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Malnutrition
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Failing health that results from a long-standing dietary intake that does not meet nutritional needs is termed
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undernutrition
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The majority of hungry people live in
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Asia
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The major cause of undernutrition in the United States is
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political
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Which of the following is true about semistarvation?
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Often the first sign that tissues are being affected is a biochemical change that may be detectable by a blood test.
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The human organism is particularly susceptible to effects of undernutrition during all of the following periods except
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adulthood
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The homeless in the United States are at increased risk of undernutrition. Which of the following is true about the homeless?
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Many are members of families with children
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Which of the following is not true regarding the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)?
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The target beneficiaries of SNAP are pregnant or lactating women and their children
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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
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provides food vouchers and nutrition education to low-income pregnant and lactating women and their young children
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Which of the following is not true about the history of nutrition assistance programs in the United States?
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Food assistance programs developed in the 1960s and 1970s are not relevant to the current problem of undernutrition in the United States.
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All of the following are obstacles to solving problems of undernutrition in developing nations except
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lack of available technology that could be taught to the populations.
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The food assistance program developed in the 1960s to help whole families purchase healthy foods is the
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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
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All of the following are effects of semistarvation except
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lack of hunger and appetite.
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Which of the following is true about homelessness and undernutrition in America?
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The recent increase in homelessness stems from a shortage of affordable rental housing coupled with an increase in poverty.
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Impaired development or function that results from an inadequate intake, absorption, or utilization of the nutrients needed for optimal growth, development, and body function is best termed
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undernutrition.
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All of the following adversely affect the food/population ratio except
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scientific advances that increase food production.
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All of the following are socioeconomic factors affecting hunger in the Unites States except
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weather
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At age 4 to 6 months an infant can do all of the following except
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handle finger foods
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Essential fatty acids should make up ______ percent of the total fat intake of infants.
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15
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According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, the best age to introduce solid foods into the infant's diet is
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4-6 months
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The new WHO growth standards stress that _______________ is the biological norm for infant nutrition.
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breastfeeding
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Most overweight infants become normal weight preschoolers
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Human milk provides _______ percent of kilocalories from protein.
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6-7
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Susie is 3 years old. At her most recent checkup she was at the 20th percentile for height. This means that she is
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taller than 19 out of 100 girls her age.
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The greatest energy requirement per unit of body weight occurs during
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infancy
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Breast milk contains approximately how many kilocalories per quart?
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640
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Mildred is worried about her infant becoming obese in adulthood. Which of the following would not be accurate information if you were attempting to counsel her?
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Her infant should limit fat to 20 percent of his or her calories to prevent obesity.
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Daily protein needs during infancy vary from ______ to ______ grams per day.
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9;14
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Many formula products for infants contain
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lactose, heat-treated cows' milk protein, and vegetable oils.
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The fluid requirements of the infant are approximately __________ cups per day.
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3
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Human milk provides approximately ______ percent of kilocalories from fat.
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60
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Based on body weight comparisons, at 6 months of age, a child's energy needs (kcal/kg) are approximately how many times higher than adult needs?
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2-4
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The first solid foods usually introduced into an infant's milk diet are
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iron- fortified cereals
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What vitamin routinely is given by injection to all infants at birth?
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K
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Iron stores present at birth generally are depleted by ______ to ______ months.
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4;6
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Brain growth is most rapid in infancy but stops by about what age?
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18 months
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The physiological changes of aging that will decrease food utilization in the body include all of the following except
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constipation
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Some researchers believe that damage to cells by electron-seeking compounds may contribute to the aging process. Which of the following nutrients does not protect cells from these compounds?
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Vitamin K
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Long-term aspirin use by an elderly person could increase the need for what nutrient?
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Iron
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Edna, at age 75, has found she does not tolerate milk products well. She should do which of the following?
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Decrease the serving size of dairy foods.
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Maude is losing her sense of taste and smell. Which of the following is true about her situation?
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She will need to vary her diet and use more herbs and spices.
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Excess calorie intake can lead to which of the following?
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Accelerated body breakdown
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Which of the following is not a good predictor of physical health status in the elderly?
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Chronological age
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Use of which of the following medications could cause appetite loss in an elderly person?
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Antidepressants
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Of older people, at least _____ percent have nutrition-related health problems.
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65
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Mack is constipated. Safe recommendations include all of the following except
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use mineral oil routinely and liberally
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Gary takes a diuretic to control blood pressure, aspirin to prevent blood clots, and an antibiotic for a recent sinus infection. Which of these may affect his vitamin needs?
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antibiotic
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______ percent of the elderly population regularly take multiple prescription drugs.
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fifty
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Compared to individuals aged 19 - 50, adults over the age of 70 need _____ vitamin D.
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more
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Which of the following is true about application of the RDAs to elderly people?
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The RDAs are now tailored to 57-70 and 70+ years of age.
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Which of the following does not decrease with aging?
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fat stores
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All of the following can cause apathetic eating and weight loss except
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participation in a congregate meal program
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Food habits of older adults may be influenced by all of the following except
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production of melatonin
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Which of the following is true about thirst among the elderly?
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Elderly individuals can easily become dehydrated and this can cause confusion
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All of the following tend to happen as one ages except
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high chromium intake impairs glucose tolerance
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Bud has trouble with his dentures and problems chewing. Which of the following foods would be best to help meet his nutritional needs?
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low-fat greek yogurt