History Medieval Times – Flashcards
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a person who had recently become wealthy
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nouveaux riches
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a person who led the community in a French Medieval city
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bourgeios
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seamstress
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a woman who sews, especially one who makes her living by sewing
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a person whose occupation is making fitted clothes for individual costumers
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tailor
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a person who led the community in a German Medieval city
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burghers
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a person who led the community in an English Medieval city
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burgesses
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the term used for the word fort
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burgh
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how long did a person have to live in a city before he was freed of all feudal obligations?
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a year and a day
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How many guilds were there in Florence?
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22
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What city was noted for its crime, bad food, and mosquitoes?
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Rome
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What wiped out whole sections of cities as a result of polluted well water?
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epidemics
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Who was the sultan of Egypt that worked out a treaty with Richard the Lion Heart
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Saladin
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a formal agreement between countries
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treaty
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the blockading of a city by an army attempting to capture it
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siege
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the journey led by Richard the Lion Heart, Phillip Augustus of France, and Frederick Barbarossa of Germany to win control of Jerusalem
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3rd
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ruler of a Muslim state
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sultan
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the sum of money or other payment demanded for the release of a prisoner
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ransom
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Who turned Richard over to the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI?
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King Leopold
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Where was Richard the Lion Heart held hostage?
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Austria
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How much was the ransom for Richard the Lion Heart?
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150,000 marks
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Who said "Let us purge the air of they air they breathe?"
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Saladin
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In the Coat of Arms, what is the symbol for the 3rd son?
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star
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In Chaucer's "Clerk's Tale," what was said to be the best way for a woman to rule a man?
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give him what he wants
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Where did the concepts of "Courtly Love," involving romantic contests and troubadours come from?
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Southern France
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What was the title in England that was equivalent to a count?
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earl
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where were most of the crusades fought?
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the Holy Lands (Israel)
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In the Coat of Arms, what does the color orange mean?
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worthy goals
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What happened to the very first of the crusaders in the 1st crusade, led by Walter the Penniless?
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they were wiped out by the Seljuk Turks
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Who lead the 1st crusade?
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Walter the Penniless
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What is the term for an association of workers, springing up in the middle ages, doing the same job, designed to create better products and to control their members?
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guilds
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Where was the Sorbonne school in the Middle Ages located?
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Paris
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what is the term for the structures seen in Gothic style Cathedrals, protruding out from the walls in an arch, designed to support the much higher, thinner walls?
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flying buttresses
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In the Pardoner's Tale, what really killed all three of the young men?
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greed
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What phrase is used to describe Thomas Beckett?
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The Holy, Blissful martyr
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In which crusade was King Louis IX of France captured and ransomed?
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7th
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How long did it take to build a cathedral?
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50-100 years
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What did Frenchmen warn a friend about London being filled with _________________, such as belly dancers, gamblers, and beggars?
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degenerates
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This French king originally went with Richard on the 3rd crusade, but at some point they quarreled and he went home
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Philip Augustus
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The crusades where fought between what two groups?
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Christians and Moslems
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in the Canterbury tales, how old was the pilgrim known as the squire?
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20
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what rank is just below the prince?
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duke
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Zara
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What port city, a rival of Venice, was sacked by crusaders in the 4th crusade?
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a person in the middle ages who sets glass in windows
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galzier
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Where did the students live in Medieval Paris?
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Latin Quarter
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which crusade was fought over Egypt?
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5th
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the official church of a bishop
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cathedral
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the property or a title passed to a person from an ancestor
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inheritance
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the person in charge of a monastery
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abbot
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the study of God
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theology
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a period in European history sometimes referred to as the "dark ages"
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Middle Ages
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an English priest or scholar
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Venerable Bede
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a member of the clergy
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priest
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What was Peter Abelard's profession?
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teacher
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What scholar developed a table showing when Easter comes each year?
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Bede
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Who did Thomas Beckett die?`
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killed by four barons
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Who became a monk against the wishes of his family; main interest was theology
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Thomas Aquinas
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Who gave away all of his riches and lived as a beggar preaching to the poorest people in the city of Italy
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St. Francis of Assisi
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The murderers of Thomas Beckett were forced to go to the Holy Land for how many years?
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14
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Archbishop of Canterbury and a longtime friend of King Henry II of England
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Thomas Beckett
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a well known teacher in Paris, students came from many nations to attend his classes
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Peter Abelard
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Why were the Middle Ages often referred to as the "dark ages?"
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because education was limited, people knew little about the outside world, and war seemed more important than ideas
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a port belonging to the Christian ruler of Hungary
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zara
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a person who worked the lord's land in return for protection
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peasant
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a journey led by a peasant boy names Nicholas in 1212 to free the Holy Land from Muslims
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Children's Crusade
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citizens of Venice
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Venetians
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a military expedition called by Pope Innocent III in 1202 to free the Holy Land from Muslims
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4th
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a military expedition led by King Louis IX to free the Holy Land from the Muslims
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7th
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a military expedition by Western Christians from 1217-1221 taken to conquer Egypt
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5th
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which crusade has no battles?
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6th
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Who got Jerusalem from the Muslims through diplomatic means?
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Emperor Frederick II
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What city was captured by those on the 5th crusade?
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Damietta
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crusade called by Pope Urban II in 1905
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1st
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Richard the Lion Heart's crusade where he failed to capture Jerusalem
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3rd
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In this crusade, the crusaders got sidetracked and actually raided Christian cities, Zara and Constantinople
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4th
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the crusade where Emperor Frederick II got Jerusalem form the Moslems through diplomatic means
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6th
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the crusade where the crusaders met Saladin, the sultan of Egypt
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3rd
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this crusade saw bickering between the two leaders, King Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany
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2nd
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in this crusade, King Louis IX of France was captured and the French had to pay a ransom to get him back
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7th
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in this crusade, a preacher name Peter the Hermit rode around France on his donkey trying to get commoners to join the crusade
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1st
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in this crusade, the failed attack on Tunis in North Africa was a failure, thus ending the crusades
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8th
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the person who believed that women were inferior to men
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Aristotle
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the person who stated that women were to keep silent in the church
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St. Paul
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the amount of money the bride's father must pay to the husband on their marriage
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dowry
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the laws that allowed women to be treated as the property of their husbands
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Germanic Law
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the time two people spend together getting to know one another before they are married
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courtship
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a poet who composed love songs on the theme of courtly love
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troubadour
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What would a nobleman look for in a wife?
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financial or political gain
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What romantic relationship did people associate with King Arthur's court?
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Lancelot and Guinevere
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How many time was the wife of Bath married?
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5
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How many times had the wife of bath been to Jerusalem?
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3
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What was the wife of bath an expert at making?
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cloth
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What did the wife of bath consider herself?
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a matchmaker
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Who was considered the model of chivalry?
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he knight
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How many pilgrims set out on a journey to the Shrine of archbishop Thomas Beckett?
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30
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How many stories were in the Canterbury tales written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer?
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24
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the followers of the religion of Islam
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Muslims
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the person who called all Christians to win back the Holy Land from the Muslims
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Pope Urban II
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narrow strait of water between Europe and Asia minor
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Bosporous
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the Holy City of Christians
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Jerusalem
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What does the term crusade mean?
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to take the cross
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Who took Jerusalem away from the Christians?
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Saladin
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an earl's wife
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lady
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the wife of a count
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countess
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the son of a King
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prince
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the wife of a viscount
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viscountess
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the wife of a duke
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duchess
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the daughter of a King
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princess
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which title was most likely to come because of military service?
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baron
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what rank became outdated when authority went to a sheriff?
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viscount
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In trial by combat, how were disputes settled?
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by fighting each other
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What surrounded cities in order to keep people out?
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moat
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a person who was a builder and worker in stone
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mason
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the arms of the cross
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transepts
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a special chair for the bishop
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cathedra
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the choir and altar area of a cathedral
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apse
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the inside entrance of a Gothic cathedral
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narthex
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the central part of a cathedral building
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nave
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Which cathedral style used thick walls and rounded arches?
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romanesque
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how many years did it take to become a stone mason?
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7
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the term meaning "all who belong to the guild"
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universitas
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a university famous for its medical school
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Salerno
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an educational institution
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college
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a university famous for its law school
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Bologna
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one of the most famous universities in the world
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Sorbonne
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a specialist in a particular branch of study
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scholar
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what language was used in university lectures?
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latin
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What degree was granted to the student upon graduating?
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B.A. degree
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what were common student complaints about their living conditions?
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overcharged for food and lodging
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a person who shoots with bows and arrows
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archer
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a tax on everyone over 15
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head tax
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a group of Danish vikings who settled on the coast of France and invaded England
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Normans
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to rise up against the government or ruler
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revolt
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a country joining with another for military or other purposes
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allies
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the professional soldiers hired to serve in a foreign army
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mercenaries
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the son of Edward III
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Black Prince
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collector of the tax in England
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Lord Chancellor
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What new weapon was used at Crécy?
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cannon
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What caused Wat Tyler's rebellion?
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head tax
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What year was Wat Tyler's rebellion?
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1381
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enemies
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foes
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a controversial opinion, especially one not accepted by the Roman Catholic Church
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heresy
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those working with the English; their allies
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Burgundians
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to admit a sin
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recant
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the act or ceremony of crowning a kid or queen
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coronation
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relating to or coming from God
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divinely
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a person who led an exceptionally holy life; formally recognized as such by the Catholic church
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saint
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Why did Joan of Arc believe she had been chosen to drive the English out?
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she heard voices and saw visions
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Why did Joan of Arc attack Paris?
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the king asked her to
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When Joan of Arc was tried for heresy, how much help did she receive from Charles?
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none
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The ages of the Vikings came ___________ the crusaders
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before
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What was the Canterbury tales written in?
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Middle English
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Where had the wife of bath been 3 times?
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Jerusalem
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What does the winner of the best tale receive?
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a free meal
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Who wrote the book "The City of God?"
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St. Augustine
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What was the title of Peter Abelard's most famous book?
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Sic et Non (Yes and No)
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Who said "By doubting, we are let to inquiry; from inquiry, we perceive the truth."
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Peter Abelard
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What was the Venerable Bede most interested in?
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attaining status
