History Chapter 17 Section 3 – Flashcards
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Under the feudal system, what type of exchange took place between lords and vassals?
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Vassals gave their support and loyalty to their lords in exchange for a fief, a piece of land.
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How could a vassal become a lord?
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If a vassal gained enough land, he could give some to other knights and become a lord himself.
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What led to the creation of feudalism?
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Nobles needed to defend their lands from invaders and from other nobles or kings.
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Where did feudalism first emerge?
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among the Franks
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Who was William the Conqueror?
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the duke of Normandy who conquered England and made himself the new king of England.
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How did feudalism spread in the 100s?
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Frankish knights introduced it to northern Italy, Spain, Germany, and England. From Germany, they spread it to eastern Europe.
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How did feudalism spread to England?
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It was carried there by William the Conqueror.
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What was manor?
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a large estate owned by a knight or lord
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Why didn't knights farm the land they received?
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because they provided protection and had peasants to farm the land
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How did peasants differ from serfs?
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Serfs - workers tied to the land on which they lived, could not leave without lord's permission
Peasants - farmers who paid knights for the use of their land
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What did serf get in return for working the fields on their lord's land?
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protection and a small piece of land to farm for themselves
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What responsibilities did the lord have in running his manor?
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punished misbehavior, settled disputes, and collected taxes
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What role did women play in medieval society?
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worked to support families, ran households, supervised servants, obeyed their fathers and husbands, governed manors when husbands went to war
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How were the lives of nobles and peasants different?
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nobles - lived more comfortably than peasants, had larger houses and servants
peasants - worked hard, lived in small houses, little freedom
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Why did towns and trade grow in the Middle Ages?
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The production of more food meant that more people could be fed, which caused the population to grow. The growth in population caused town to grow. The growth of towns led to an increase in trade, which in turn led people to move to cities in search of jobs, causing cities to grow even more.
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What is trade?
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an exchange of goods between different communities or regions
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When did towns start becoming cities and new towns start to appear?
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about 1000
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Why did Europe's population increase?
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The development of new technology helped farmers plant larger fields, grow more food, and feed more people.
