Health Final – Flashcards

Which of the following is NOT a health-related component of physical fitness? cardiorespiratory endurance flexibility coordination muscular strength

Flexibility is best described as the ability to move without pain during exercise. the ability to move joints through their full range of motion. sustained motion without resistance. the ability to move rapidly during exercise.

Exercise intensity refers to the number of times per week you exercise. how hard you work. the length of your exercise session. the total amount of exercise you do.

Exercise duration refers to the number of times per week you exercise. how hard you work. the length of your exercise session. the total amount of exercise you do.

Which of the following activities is recommended for a beginning exerciser? crossfit walking sprinting intense power lifting

Cooling down after exercise is important to boost oxygen consumption. increase lactic acid in the muscles. restore circulation to its normal resting condition. maintain blood flow to the extremities.

Which of the following LEAST develops muscle strength? push-ups weight training squats running

Which of the following is regular physical activity linked to? lower endorphin levels increased anxiety decreased need for sleep improved mood

Which of the following is an example of a sedentary activity? watching television doing bicep curls cross-country skiing cleaning your room

Which of the following is NOT an effect of serious dehydration? reduced blood volume muscle cramps increased heart rate torn ligaments

Your target heart rate for endurance exercise is based on your maximum heart rate. weight. exercise duration. exercise frequency.

Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is quick and effortless. planned, structured, and repetitive. unrelated to physical fitness. random and unrehearsed.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of improving cardiorespiratory endurance? The heart pumps more blood per heartbeat. Resting blood pressure increases. The body can do more exercise with less effort. The heart can withstand the strains of everyday life.

Which of the following is a muscular strength exercise? jogging push-ups stretching cycling

Application of muscular force without movement is called ______ exercise. isometric isokinetic isotonic dynamic

A health problem associated with bulimia is dry skin. muscle wasting. fine body hair. tooth decay.

Which of the following is a way in which exercise affects metabolic rate? It increases muscle mass. It increases resting metabolic rate. It burns calories during the exercise itself. all of the above

Type 2 diabetes is uncommon. is best prevented by maintaining a healthy diet and exercising. always requires insulin injections as a method of treatment. has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of ephedra? panic attacks insomnia seizures lethargy

Resting metabolic rate is the energy required to maintain vital body functions. sum of all the processes by which food energy is used by the body. body's daily energy expenditure. energy required to digest food.

Even processed foods labeled "fat-free" or "reduced fat" may be high in calories. contain hidden fats. be incorrectly labeled. contain high levels of cholesterol.

A person with a body mass index of 26.5 is classified as underweight. normal weight. overweight. obese.

Frequently drinking diet soda is an effective way to lose weight. may increase risk of high blood pressure. is associated with raising LDL. creates low fasting blood sugar levels.

The largest component of metabolism is metabolic equivalency rate. resting metabolic rate. base metabolic expenditure. caloric expenditure rate.

Prescription drugs are usually recommended only to people with a BMI over 15. 20. 30. 40.

A BMI value of 17.5 or less in women may be used as a diagnostic criterion for obesity. depression. anorexia nervosa. diabetes.

Hydrostatic weighing is used to predict percent body fat based on body mass index. body density. fat weight. height and total body weight.

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight is voluntary starvation. bulimia nervosa. anorexia nervosa. binge-eating disorder.

Most weight problems are problems of metabolic disorders. lifestyle. emotional disorders. childhood abuse.

Which of the following would NOT benefit a person with diabetes? increasing intake of refined carbohydrates increasing physical activity substituting monounsaturated for saturated fats increasing fiber intake

The body's ability to respond or adapt to the demands and stress of physical effort denotes physical fitness. physical activity. peak workload. anaerobic capacity.

Which of the following is NOT an illness that can be prevented or managed by exercise? cardiovascular disease cancer congenital heart defect osteoporosis

Which of the following statements regarding the effects of exercise is FALSE? It enhances self-image. It improves body image. It creates mood swings. It increases energy level.

A recording of the changes in electrical activity of the heart is a(n) ECG CT PET EEG

Application of force with movement is called ______ exercise. isometric isokinetic isotonic static

An individual considering using dietary supplements or drugs to enhance performance should understand that supplements can help change an untrained person into a fit person. anabolic steroids are a safe way to increase strength. supplements are usually inexpensive ways to build strength. the long-term effects of many supplements are unknown.

According to standards issued by the National Institutes of Health, a healthy BMI is between 12.5 and 19.5. 16.5 and 21.5. 18.5 and 24.9. 22.5 and 27.5.

Recent research indicates that drinking more than one diet soda per day may be associated with eating disorders. nutritional deficiencies. metabolic syndrome. gum disease.

Which of the following describes measuring percent body fat by submerging a person in water? skinfold measuring bioelectrical impedance analysis body mass index hydrostatic weighing

Surgery for the severely obese is usually recommended only for individuals with a BMI over 30. 40. 45. 50.

Which of the following is a serious disturbance in eating patterns? eating disorder amenorrhea body dysmorphic disorder overeating

Researchers frequently use BMI in conjunction with ______ to examine the health risks associated with body weight. caloric intake estimates activity assessments resting metabolic rate waist circumference

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging is voluntary starvation. bulimia nervosa. anorexia nervosa. binge-eating disorder.

The ability of the body to perform prolonged, large-muscle, dynamic exercise at moderate-to-high levels of intensity is anaerobic capacity. adaptive capacity. cardiorespiratory endurance. cardiorespiratory capacity.

Muscular endurance is the ability to sustain a given level of muscular tension over time. ability to move the joints through a full range of motion. amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximum effort. amount of time required to contract a muscle completely.

Which of these statements regarding the warm-up session is FALSE? It enhances performance. It is usually high intensity. It raises muscle temperature slightly above resting level. It helps to protect joint surfaces.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of exercise? improved self-image improved memory decreased insulin sensitivity decreased stress

Which of the following is NOT a cardiorespiratory endurance activity? weight training cycling aerobic dancing walking

Muscular strength is the ability to sustain a given level of muscular tension over time. ability to move the joints through a full range of motion. amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximum effort. amount of force a muscle can produce repeatedly over 60 seconds.

Which of the following is an advantage of exercise machines over free weights? They are safer. They don't require spotters. They require less skill All of the above

A health risk associated with anorexia nervosa is low blood pressure. eroded tooth enamel. chronic hoarseness. stomach rupture.

To lose one pound, you need to create a negative energy balance of ______ calories. 500 1,000 3,500 7,000

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genetics and obesity? The genetic contribution to obesity is about 75 percent. The weight of an adopted child is more closely related to the weights of the adoptive parents than those of the biological parents. Researchers have identified a single gene responsible for obesity. Genetic factors influence body fat distribution.

Premenopausal women most often store fat in their arms. abdomen. hips. breasts.

An example of a snack low in energy density is an apple. crackers. a cookie. an ice cream cone.

A person with a body mass index of 31.2 is classified as underweight. normal weight. overweight. obese.

What is the recommended level of weight loss per week? one-half to two pounds five to seven pounds eight to ten pounds more than ten pounds

The greater the amount of muscle mass, the lower the resting metabolic rate. higher the resting metabolic rate. more fat that is needed in the diet. easier it is to gain weight.

Developing a fitness component by performing exercises that are designed for that component is referred to as overload. specificity. mode. structure.

Which of the following best describes body composition? the amount of muscle mass in the body the proportion of fat and fat-free mass in the body the amount of fat in the body the ratio of muscle to fat in the body

Which of the following best describes fat that helps cushion body organs and regulate body temperature? essential fat-free subcutaneous adipose

Which of the following does a commercial weight-loss program NOT typically provide? group support behavior modification advice outside recommendations for individualized nutrition plans physical activity recommendations

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of the female athlete triad? abnormal eating patterns premature osteoporosis amenorrhea muscle dysmorphia

Which of the following best protects against weight gain and is essential for maintaining weight loss? certain nutritional supplements a 1,000-calories-per-day diet plan physical activity at least eight glasses of water per day

People who tend to store body fat in the ______ are at increased risk for chronic disease. thighs buttocks abdomen hips

Which of the following describes a psychosocial factor that contributes to weight gain? eating high-sugar, high-fat foods watching more than four hours of television each day having a low resting metabolic rate eating to alleviate loneliness or boredom

Which one of the following is most closely associated with anorexia nervosa? a belief that one is overweight even when dangerously thin uncontrollable binge eating near-normal body weight self-induced vomiting

Cerebrovascular accident is another name for a cerebral thrombosis. stroke. cerebral hematoma. ruptured blood vessel.

High blood pressure is a health risk when it is high most of the time. the product of emotional excitement. the product of exercise. low most of the time.

It is recommended that girls get an HPV/cervical cancer vaccine at what age? 11-12 15-17 18-25 over 25

High blood pressure is best described as a warning sign of cancer. side effect of cardiovascular disease. risk factor for smoking. disease.

Chest pain caused by lack of oxygen to the heart is called thrombosis. infarction. hypertension. angina.

Which of the following best describes what occurs during atherosclerosis? The artery walls are thinned by plaque. The arteries become narrowed. The output of blood flow from the heart increases. The arteries become elastic and flexible.

Blood cell fragments that are necessary for the clotting of blood are called platelets. erythrocytes. leukocytes. macrophages.

Which of the following terms describes abnormal enlargement of an organ secondary to an increase in cell size? hypertension hypertrophy hyperextension hyperactivity

A sign of colon and rectal cancer is high fever. headaches. cramping. rectal bleeding.

Normal blood pressure for healthy adults is best defined as below 80/120. below 120/80. above 80/120. above 120/80.

Leukemia is cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. lymph nodes. urinary tract. blood-forming cells.

Which of the following is a noninvasive test that evaluates CVD by using sound waves to examine the heart? electron-beam computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging echocardiography angioplasty

The most common cause of cancer death in the United States is breast cancer. colon and rectal cancer. prostate cancer. lung cancer.

Scraping cells from the cervix for examination to screen for cancerous changes is called cryotherapy. curetting. a Pap test. an endometrial smear.

A diet high in ______ is linked to increased risk of colon, stomach, and prostate cancers. fat and meat fiber carotenoids nitrosamines

Exercise alters blood fat levels by raising LDL levels. raising triglyceride levels. raising HDL levels. lowering HDL levels.

Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas spread rapidly. may be pearly nodules or red and scaly patches. are usually painful. are rare forms of skin cancer.

What do obesity and alcohol use have in common that increases breast cancer risk? They increase glucose levels in the blood. They increase estrogen levels in the blood. They increase LDL cholesterol levels. They slow the rate of cell growth.

A hemorrhagic stroke may occur as a result of a thrombosis. an embolus. an aneurysm. low platelet levels.

Naturally occurring substances found in plant foods that help prevent chronic diseases are nitrosamines. anticarcinogens. phytochemicals. free radicals.

One type of cancer that seems to be linked to a diet high in red meat is cervical cancer. lymphoma. leukemia. colon cancer.

Obesity increases a person's risk of breast and colon cancers. oral and brain cancers. lung and brain cancers. oral and lung cancers.

The most dangerous form of skin cancer is melanoma. squamous cell carcinoma. basal cell carcinoma. actinic keratosis.

A blood pressure reading of 121/81 is classified as normal. prehypertension. stage 1 hypertension. stage 2 hypertension.

Which of the following is NOT an environmental carcinogen? alcohol microbe nitrate UV rays

In some cases, cervical dysplasia develops into cervical cancer. HPV infection. vaginal clear cell cancer. chlamydia infection.

Most deaths from heart attacks occur within ______ of the onset of symptoms. 30 minutes 1 hour 2 hours 3 hours

Lymphoma is cancer of the lymph nodes, part of the body's blood-forming cells. gastrointestinal tract. connective and fibrous tissues. infection-fighting system.

The infection that puts women at risk for cervical cancer is pneumonia. hepatitis. HPV. strep throat.

Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men. the most common cancer in men. not influenced by diet and lifestyle. a disease that affects the liver.

Immunization is based on the body's ability to remember an encounter with a specific antigen. body's ability to tell a harmful pathogen from a harmless one. introduction of unrelated pathogens into the body to stimulate antigen production. introduction of helper T cells into the body.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common complication of syphilis and herpes. herpes and gonorrhea. genital HPV infection and chlamydia. gonorrhea and chlamydia.

Neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells are part of the ______ response to invading pathogens. natural acquired adaptive cell-mediated

White blood cells are produced in the brain. bone marrow. heart. gastrointestinal tract.

The body's first line of defense against invasion of organisms is the skin. chlorination. white blood cells. fever.

The drug most commonly used to treat trichomoniasis is Flagyl. podophyllin. tetracycline. penicillin.

The family of viruses that causes genital warts is coronavirus. norovirus. human papillomavirus. herpes simplex virus.

A fungus that causes vaginitis and thrush is Histoplasma capsulatum. Candida albicans. Coccidioides immitis. dermatophyte fungus.

Influenza is highly contagious and spread via coughing. respiratory droplets. ingesting food that has been infected. hand-to-hand contact.

Macrophages act as scavengers. trigger the immune response. counteract swollen lymph nodes. are suppressor cells.

The organism that causes genital warts is HPV. HSV. HIV. HBV.

Which of the following are chemical messengers released by immune system cells that help amplify and coordinate the immune response? cytokines antibodies antigens histamines

A drug used to treat herpes is podophyllin. Flagyl. doxycycline. acyclovir.

Genital herpes is most often caused by HSV 1. HSV 2. HAV. HBV.

Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes is called hemorrhage. toxic shock. jaundice. impetigo.

Which of the following increases the inflammatory response and secretion of mucus following exposure to an allergen? immunoglobulin E histamine interferon memory T cells

Antibodies have complementary surface markers that work with ______ like a lock and key. histamines antigens T cells cytokines

Which of the following is NOT a pathogen? prions bacteria protozoa cancer cells

Which of the following infections is transmitted by a mosquito bite? E. Coli O157:H7 West Nile virus new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease hantavirus

A person who is exposed to a disease and who is subsequently injected with antibodies produced by others has been given ______ immunity. active passive innate natural

A negative test result for HIV infection means you do not have the virus. are infected with the virus. should immediately retest to verify the result. do not have HIV-related antibodies.

Which of the following groups of people should most consider being tested for HIV? mutually monogamous partners people who received blood transfusions after 1985 people who have not had an STD before people who have had unprotected sex

Malaria and trichomoniasis are caused by protozoa. bacteria. viruses. parasites.

Which one of the following is NOT a vector of disease? contaminated soil rats ticks mosquitoes

Autoimmune diseases occur when bacteria severely damage the immune system. cancer creates an imbalance in the immune system. the body erroneously recognizes its own cells as foreign. a virus such as HIV destroys the immune system.

Which of the following is a common bacterium found on the skin of healthy people that can cause infection if it enters the body? streptococcus staphylococcus mycoplasma spirochete

An organism that causes disease is a(n) antigen. toxin. pathogen. antibody.

The mildest form of hepatitis is hepatitis A. B. C. EB.

A marker on the surface of a foreign substance that triggers the immune response is called a(n) antibody. lymphocyte. antigen. enzyme.

Generally, antibiotics are useful against influenza. colds. bacteria. viruses.

Most ulcers are caused by tickborne rickettsia. Helicobacter pylori infection. overconsumption of spicy food. high levels of stress.

A disease in which an individual's immune system attacks his or her own body's cells is called a(n) autoimmune disease. acquired immune response. antibody deficiency disease. natural immune disorder.

Streptococcus and staphylococcus are examples of rickettsiae. bacteria. viruses. parasites.

A chancre is a sign of PID. hepatitis A. syphilis. HIV infection.

Lyme disease is transmitted by mosquitoes. deer ticks. black widow spiders. dog fleas.

Transmission of HIV occurs through using the same toilet as someone with HIV. sharing eating utensils with someone with HIV. hugging someone with HIV. unprotected sexual intercourse with someone with HIV.

Substances that provoke allergies are known as parasites. antigens. bacteria. allergens.

Which of the following is not a mode of transmission of the hepatitis B virus? toilet seats toothbrushes eating utensils razor blades

There are now more than ___ drugs available to treat HIV. 10 20 30 40

An infection that travels throughout the body is referred to as transmitted. lymphatic. localized. systemic.

The herpes virus associated with infectious mononucleosis is herpes simplex type I. herpes simplex type II. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). cytomegalovirus.

Chlamydia is the most prevalent ______ STD. viral bacterial fungal protozoal

The herpes virus most often responsible for cold sores is HSV 1. HSV 2. EBV. HSV B

The secondary infection most often seen in people with HIV is Kaposi's sarcoma. Pneumocystis pneumonia. tuberculosis. mycobacterium avium complex.

Which country has the highest STD rate of any developed nation? Canada France United States Holland

Which of the following describes the body's recognition of a relatively harmless substance as a dangerous antigen and subsequent mounting of an immune response? passive immunity active immunity pathogenesis allergic reaction

Inflammation of the liver is known as hepatitis. jaundice. Treponema pallidum. epididymitis.

Which one of the following is an example of a pathogen reservoir? person vaccine T cell prion

Swollen lymph nodes are an indication of anemia. poor diet. hemophilia. infection.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a member of the herpes virus family. disables the immune function of the CD4 T cells. survives by attacking B cells. has been a source of human infection for over 200 years.

A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a single-celled organism is HPV infection. pubic lice. trichomoniasis. scabies.

An infection that progresses from the vagina and cervix to infect the pelvic cavity and fallopian tubes is called a urinary tract infection. an ascending pelvic inflammation. endometriosis. pelvic inflammatory disease.

Typical symptoms of trichomoniasis in women include lesions around the vagina. fever and chills. decreased appetite, nausea, and vomiting. greenish, foul-smelling vaginal discharge.

A highly contagious parasitic STD is Candida albicans. pubic lice. pediculosis. condyloma.

Which of the following is true of the common cold? It may be caused by any of more than 200 different viruses. It may be caused by exposure to cold weather. It most often occurs during the spring and fall. It is usually treated with antibiotics.

Gonorrhea is best described as a sexually transmitted disease that produces a painful rash. characterized by the appearance of dry, rough growths on the genital area. caused by a bacterium that usually affects mucous membranes. characterized by recurrent outbreaks of blister-like sores.

The spiral-shaped organism that causes syphilis is a chancre. bacterium. virus. protozoan.

Chemicals responsible for the dilation and increased permeability of blood vessels in allergic reactions are called histamines. antigens. antibodies. lymphocytes.

Which of the following best describes HPV infection? It is the most common STD in the United States. It cannot cause cancer in men. Many people with HPV have some visible symptoms. It only appears on the penis and vagina.

Which of the following is a preparation of killed or weakened pathogens injected or taken orally to stimulate the body to produce antibodies? gamma globulin vaccine antibody immunoglobulin

Which of the following describes the relationship between pregnancy and HIV? More than 50 percent of infants born to untreated HIV-infected women are infected. HIV is linked to infertility. Infected women should not have cesarean deliveries. Treatment with antivirals during pregnancy reduces risk of vertical transmission.

The most effective approach to avoiding STDs is the use of condoms. the use of contraceptive foams. penicillin therapy. abstinence.

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for contracting HIV? sex with multiple partners alcohol and other drug use using a condom lubricated with nonoxynol-9 during vaginal or anal sex abstinence

Dementia, cardiovascular damage, blindness, and death are possible complications of primary syphilis. pelvic inflammatory disease. chlamydia. tertiary syphilis.

One of the best ways to break the chain of infection is to wash your hands frequently. get 8 hours of sleep. get boosters for immunizations every week. drink water only if it is fluoridated.

Which of the following viruses has a vaccine available? influenza rhinovirus Epstein-Barr hepatitis C

Which of the following statements related to medication expiration dates has the FDA found to be true? People who take medications after the expiration date are at higher risk of poisoning. Expiration dates have little value; their purpose is to increase sales. Almost all medications remain potent several years after the expiration date. Medications won't expire as long as they are stored in a cool, dry place.

The most commonly used form of manual healing is acupressure. Rolfing. chiropractic. massage.

Biofield therapies are based around energy fields thought to originate from the sun. body of the patient. environment. body of the practitioner.

Which of the following best describes a study in which researchers and participants are unaware of who is receiving a treatment? controlled randomized double-blind multicenter

Which of the following best describes therapies and practices that are NOT part of conventional health care? therapeutic treatments complementary and alternative medicine nonconventional medicine holistic medicine

Which of the following describes a health care professional who receives medical education similar to that of a medical doctor but whose training emphasizes musculoskeletal problems and manipulative therapy? doctor of podiatric medicine doctor of osteopathic medicine doctor of chiropractic physical therapist

Which of the following contributes to the high cost of health care in the United States? state-of-the-art equipment and treatments expansion of the youth population government profit demands overuse of preventative medicine

The National Institutes of Health has reported acupuncture to be effective in treating which of the following? pain after surgery blocked qi menstrual cramps carpal tunnel syndrome

Which of the following best describes generic drugs? They require a prescription from a physician. They generally cost much less than brand-name drugs. They do not have the same FDA effectiveness guarantee as brand-name drugs. They may not contain the same active ingredients as the brand-name versions.

What over-the-counter medication should you NOT give to children with flu-like symptoms? naproxen sodium ibuprofen aspirin acetaminophen

Which of the following is an appropriate reason to visit the emergency room? skin rash persistent abdominal pain sore throat and chills intense migraine

Herbal remedies are an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice? mind-body intervention alternative medical systems biological-based therapy energy therapy

You should always consult with a doctor before taking an over-the-counter medication if you are pregnant. have a severe and persistent cough. are taking a prescription medication. are giving it to a child 12 or under.

Reiki is an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice? mind-body intervention alternative medical systems biological-based therapy energy therapy

The first step in the diagnostic process is a physical exam. taking medical tests. a medical history. a second opinion.

Which of the following best describes symptoms you should check with a physician about? recurrent familiar transient mild

Which of the following herbals may be used to treat depression? evening primrose oil ginkgo St. John's wort saw palmetto

The purpose of bioelectromagnetic-based therapies is to help patients align chakras. record body images. manage pain. control eating.

The CAM therapy that involves the use of highly diluted extracts is traditional Chinese medicine. qigong. Reiki. homeopathy.

Which of the following health care professionals is NOT an allied health care provider? psychotherapists registered nurses physical therapists registered dietitians

Why should consumers exercise caution when choosing a CAM therapy? It may reveal aspects of their being that they are not ready to confront. None of them work Most alternative treatments don't work and actually make conditions worse. Not all CAM practices have been scientifically evaluated for safety.

In traditional Chinese medicine, the life force contained in all living things is called prana. vis vitalis. yang. qi.

Which of the following is a type of CAM therapy? biomedicine osteopathy vitamin therapy chiropractic care

Which of the following questions should you ask when evaluating the accuracy of media reports about a new health study? "What kind of study was it and who conducted it"? "Is the result relevant to me and my health situation"? "To what extent do I wish the findings were true"? "Do the findings conflict with what the medical community knows to be fact"?

Self-assessment of medical symptoms begins with purchase of over-the-counter drugs. awareness of your body. medical self-tests. a phone call to your doctor.

Spinal manipulative therapy can be particularly helpful in addressing which of the following? heart disease obesity chronic headaches bone fracture

Western researchers might explain the effects of acupuncture as being the result of correcting the flow of qi. rebalancing yin and yang. releasing hormones and neurotransmitters. restoring equilibrium.

Prescription drug errors are especially prevalent among children. young adults. older adults. infants.

Which of the following is a sign that an online pharmacy may not be safe to purchase medication from? It requires a physical exam for many of the drugs it sells. It is certified by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. It requires a prescription for all drugs, regardless of their classification. It sells medications that have not been approved by the FDA.

Which of the following is a way to avoid health fraud when considering an alternative therapy? Search Internet message boards for evidence that the treatment worked for at least some people. Inquire with the attorney general or a health professional group about the therapy. Buy therapeutic products online; they often work better than the ones sold in stores. Remain skeptical of your physician's advice; doctors are biased against alternative medicine.

The primary treatment methods used in traditional Chinese medicine are acupuncture and massage. acupuncture and herbal remedies. chiropractic and massage. t'ai chi and chiropractic.

Which of the following sources of health information is probably most reliable? findings presented at medical meetings commercially funded research the science and technology section of the newspaper government agency publications

Which of the following is true of Chinese herbal remedies? They are based on a system 150 different plant and animal parts. They focus on applying individual botanicals to specific parts of the body. They are often taken in liquid form such as a tea or broth. They are inserted into the skin through thin needles at strategic points.

Western medicine traditionally relies on the use of ______ to treat and cure diseases. phytochemicals antioxidants isoflavins pharmaceuticals

A government health insurance program for Americans over age 65 is Medicaid. Mediplan. Medineed. Medicare.

Which of the following is most likely to be a component of naturopathic treatment? psychology radiology endoscopy oncology

Which of the following herbals may have severe interactions with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or anticoagulants? garlic ginkgo ginseng valerian

A physician specializing in the diseases, disabilities, and care of older adults is a(n) gerontologist. geriatrician. ageologist. oncologist.

Which of the following is a term for the sum of a person's possessions? will testator estate testamentary letter

Which of the following life-sustaining treatments did the U.S. Supreme Court rule on in the case of Terri Schiavo? artificial respiration artificial feeding active euthanasia forced medication

Which of the following best describes the average length of time members of a species live? life span life expectancy life cycle lifetime

Why might a person with osteoarthritis (OA) take acetaminophen? to obtain necessary calcium to relieve pain without stomach upset to prevent liver damage to promote inflammation

Which of the following is the best predictor of premature death? poor fitness smoking diabetes obesity

One method of disposition of a corpse is to subject the body to intense heat, a process commonly known as embalming. incarceration. entombment. cremation.

Which of the following is a dimension of dying related to sustaining significant relationships? physical psychological social spiritual

Which of the following do hospice programs NOT provide? support for dying at home hospital-type services emotional support for survivors experimental medical treatments

Which of the following describes a disadvantage of women's longer life expectancy? They begin to produce more testosterone, which leads to heart disease. They develop higher rates of stress the longer they live. They remarry more often than men. They are more likely than men to suffer from chronic conditions like arthritis.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a living will? To express your wishes for the medical care of family members To avoid changing your mind about medical decisions later in life To provide instruction for care under different medical contingencies To appoint someone to make medical decisions for you

Which dimension in coping with dying involves maximizing the sense of security, self worth, and autonomy? physical psychological social spiritual

Which of the following describes a comprehensive program that offers a set of services designed to support terminally ill patients and their families? hospice passive euthanasia active euthanasia advance medical directive

Which of the following describes the expression of a person's wishes for the disposition of his or her property after death? will testator estate testamentary letter

Which of the following is an advantage of receiving end-of-life care at home? Receiving state-of-the-art treatment from loved ones Avoiding interaction with paid caregivers Being among family and friends Bypassing the need for a care program

Which of the following is NOT one of the tasks of mourning? accepting reality establishing a memorial for the deceased working through the pain adjusting to a changed environment

Which of the following is a reason that women need to save for retirement? They earn as much annual income as men. They are more likely than men to be covered by pension plans. They are more likely than men to suffer chronic illnesses late in life. They invest as much money as men do in retirement plans.

Which of the following best describes the symptoms of profound traumatic loss? They are identical to those of normal grief. They generally dissipate within days and then are replaced by normal grief symptoms. They can include insomnia and recurring dreams. They affect victims only after a flashback is triggered.

What is the most common type of arthritis? rheumatoid arthritis lupus osteoarthritis muscular arthritis

Fluid intelligence is best described as the ability to move easily from situation to situation. maintain short-term memory. find solutions to new problems. memorize information and repeat it later.

An individual who studies phenomena associated with the aging process is a(n) gerontologist. geriatrician. ageologist. oncologist.

When a physician administers medication to relieve severe pain in a terminally ill patient, and the medication also hastens the patient's death, the situation is called physician-assisted suicide. passive euthanasia. double effect. active euthanasia.

Helping a patient hasten death by knowingly providing lethal drugs or other interventions is called physician-assisted suicide. passive euthanasia. active euthanasia. palliative care.

A condition of profound unconsciousness with no reasonable hope for improvement is best termed clinical death. a coma. brain death. a persistent vegetative state.

How often should older adults perform muscle-strengthening activities to experience additional health benefits? once a week 2 or more days per week 2-5 times per month once a month

Which of the following is a reason to arrange funeral services before dying? Few families will hold services if the deceased did not express a desire for services. The deceased is the only person the services will benefit. Making decisions about last rites helps reduce the burden on survivors. It is an opportunity to make decisions without input from family and friends.

Which of the following is most characteristic of retirement? meeting deadlines trying to find enough leisure time learning how to enjoy leisure time spending less time with family

Which of the following best describes the ability to rapidly make decisions and solve problems? fluid intelligence common sense mental alertness critical thinking

The gradual decline in the ability to focus on nearby objects is called cataracts. presbyopia. age-related macular degeneration. glaucoma.

Which of the following must be done regularly in order to reduce the effects of osteoporosis? using alcohol to reduce stress getting plenty of sleep lifting weights avoiding exposure to the sun

Which of the following is a cause of the life expectancy gap between men and women? retirement savings estrogen arthritis osteoporosis

Which of the following is NOT a stage of dying as defined by Elizabeth Kübler-Ross? denial vulnerability bargaining depression

Medicare pays for approximately ______ percent of older Americans' nursing home costs. 2 30 62 90

The person who makes a will is called the intestate. testator. estate. will.

Clouding of the lens in the eye due to oxidation damage is called cataracts. glaucoma. age-related macular degeneration. presbyopia.

Which of the following dimensions of coping encompasses satisfying bodily needs? physical psychological social spiritual

All of the following describe a persistent vegetative state EXCEPT responsiveness to external stimuli. lack of normal reflexes. lasting for an extended period. no reasonable hope for improvement.

Which of the following describes the slow disintegration of the tissue at the center of the retina? glaucoma cataracts age-related macular degeneration presbyopia

The most common method of body disposal in the United States is cadaver donation to medical schools. mummification. burial or cremation. medical harvesting.

Which of the following is a reason women live longer than men? Estrogen protects women from early heart disease. Women often reduce their stress by coping with it alone. Women are less likely to be poor in their older years. Men are more likely to suffer from chronic conditions like arthritis.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between physical activity and aging? Physical activity cannot delay onset of mobility problems. Physical activity has fewer benefits after a certain age. Physical activity can reduce fall-related injuries in older people. Physical activity can benefit older adults as long as they are already healthy.

Active euthanasia is withdrawing or withholding treatment. a deliberate act intended to end another person's life. legal in the United States. defined as "letting nature take its course".

Women can reduce menopause-related problems by doing which of the following? working longer hours doing mentally challenging puzzles avoiding tobacco getting tested for glaucoma

When patients are on life support, doctors use the concept of ______ to determine if they have died. brain death clinical death cessation of flow of bodily fluids cellular death

Which of the following describes a disease in which the fluid inside the eye is under abnormally high pressure? glaucoma cataracts conjunctivitis presbyopia

Which of the following activities helps lower the risk of dementia in older adults? reading bathing napping eating

Which of the following is a reason men have higher rates of mortality? Men smoke and abuse drugs more often than women do. Testosterone production slows as men grow older. Men become less cautious as they get older. Older men are more likely to live alone.

Which of the following do researchers consider a component of a good death? Not knowing how much pain will be involved Limited interaction with health care providers Dying before making funeral arrangements Being able to say good-bye to loved ones

The process of removing blood and other fluids and replacing them with chemicals to temporarily retard deterioration of a corpse is termed entombing. encoating. embalming. mummification.

When someone dies without a will, the state distributes property according to its own rules. decisions made by a court-appointed administrator. the wishes of the deceased, if known. the wishes of the family.

A determination of death made according to accepted medical criteria is cellular death. observed death. brain death. clinical death.

Brain death is most reliably shown by flat tracings on a(n) electroencephalogram. electrocardiogram. echocardiograph. CT scan.

Which of the following best describes bereavement? The behavioral changes a person undergoes during the grief process The physical symptoms of associated with grief The objective event of loss The emotional toll loss takes on a person

Which of the following will help reduce stress? ignoring illnesses getting adequate sleep using substances working longer hours

Which of the following can arthritis cause? hearing loss loss of mobility vision impairment obesity

The issue of a person's right to die came to national attention in 1975 with the landmark case involving Nancy Cruzan. Karen Ann Quinlan. Terri Schiavo. Dr. Jack Kevorkian.

The middle phase of grief is characterized by numbness. disorientation. shock. pain of separation.

The term that means "having made no legal will" is intestate. testator. probate. surrogacy.

The functioning of a healthy human body remains essentially constant until about what age? 70 60 50 40

The medical term for severe deterioration of mental functioning resulting from a brain disorder is dementia. senility. mental change. age-related macular degeneration.

Which of the following can result from regular exercise? reduced blood flow to the brain improved memory higher incidence of falls lower mobility

Clinical death in humans is characterized by the absence of pain. respiration. digestion. REM sleep.

In 2009, the average life expectancy for Americans was about ______ years. 58 68 78 88

Which of the following is a record of the electrical activity of the brain? MRI ECG EEG CT

Which of the following is a goal of hospice care? to support the patient's family to prolong the patient's life to hasten the patient's death to find a cure for the patient

A doctrine that states a harmful effect of treatment, even if it results in death, is permissible if the harm is not intended and occurs as a side effect of a beneficial action, is termed multieffect. palliative effect. double effect. active effect.

People who get stuck in the grieving process and lose the ability to cope with daily living are experiencing total grief. complicated grief. extreme grief. mourning.

Which of the following dimensions of coping involves identifying, developing, or reaffirming sources of meaning and fostering hope? physical psychological social spiritual

In which of the following countries is voluntary active euthanasia legal? England Belgium Sweden France

A ___ allows an individual to appoint another person as an agent in making health care decisions in the event he or she becomes unable to do so. living will. double effect. testator. health care proxy.