Health Assessment chapter 20 – Flashcards

When should a woman conduct self breast examination with respect to her menses?

Which of the following assessment findings is most likely benign on breast examination?

During the breast examination of a client, the nurse notes red, scaly, and crusty areas over the areola. The nurse understands that this appearance of the skin is due to what type of breast condition?

Which type of discharge should a nurse consider normal with palpation of the nipples during a breast examination of a nonlactating female client?

Which technique is appropriate for the nurse to use to palpate a client's breast?

How should a nurse instruct a client to perform a breast self-examination to most effectively cover the entire breast?

While interviewing a client, the nurse asks her what her typical daily diet consists of. Which of the following is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer?

An older female client states she is upset about her sagging breasts. She states, "I know it's because I haven't been sexually active since my husband died and my hormones are all dried up." What is the nurse's best response?

During the examination of the breasts, a young adult patient's nipples becomes erect and the areolas pucker. The nurse explains to the patient that these findings indicate:

A 43-year-old store clerk comes to the office upset because she has found an enlarged lymph node under her left arm. She states she found it yesterday when she was feeling pain under her arm during movement. She states the lymph node is about an inch long and is very painful. She checks her breasts monthly and gets a yearly mammogram (her last was 2 months ago); until now everything has been normal. She states she is so upset because her mother died in her 50s of breast cancer. The client does not smoke, drink, or use illegal drugs. Her father is in good health. Examination shows a tense woman appearing her stated age. Visual inspection of her left axilla reveals a tense red area with no surrounding scarring. On palpation, the examiner feels a 2-cm tender movable lymph node underlying hot skin. Other shoddy nodes are also in the area. Visualization of both breasts is normal. Palpation of her right axilla and both breasts is unremarkable. Examination of the left arm reveals a scabbed-over superficial laceration over her left hand. Upon questioning, the client remembers that she cut her hand gardening last week. What disorder of the axilla is most likely responsible for her symptoms?

Screening measures for breast cancer include all of the following except:

When palpating the female breast for masses, the nurse distinguishes which of the following characteristics as a potentially cancerous mass?

Nurse G. is conducting a teaching session on breast self-examination to a group of women at a health fair sponsored by the local community centre. Which of the following instructions is most accurate?

A nurse is examining the breasts of a woman who has had a mastectomy. Which of the following should the nurse do?

While examining a client's breasts, a nurse notices milky discharge from the nipple. The client explains that she recently had a baby and is currently breastfeeding. The nurse understands that which type of tissue in the breast is responsible for allowing milk production?

A nurse is discussing breast self-examination (BSE) with a 60-year-old woman. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?

A client who recently received breast implants asks for recommendations on performing breast self-examination (BSE). Which of the following should the nurse mention? Select all that apply.

The parents of a newborn appear anxious and express concern upon seeing the pediatrician palpate and gently express a small amount of whitish, milk-like liquid from the baby's nipples. What is the nurse's best response?

The client tells the nurse "I am so glad I had a mastectomy and I will never have breast cancer again." How should the nurse best respond?

During a breast assessment the nurse finds scaly lesions at the nipple with a lump behind the nipple. The nurse suspects what?

The size and shape of the breasts in females are related to the amount of

After assessing the breasts of a female client, the nurse should explain to the client that most breast tumors occur in the

The nurse has discussed the risks for breast cancer with a group of high school seniors. The nurse determines that one of the students needs further instructions when the student says that one risk factor is

Cultural beliefs about the causes of breast cancer do not always agree with medical findings. Hispanic Americans often associate breast cancer with

The nurse is preparing to examine the breasts of a female client who had a left radical mastectomy 3 years ago. When examining the client, the nurse observes redness at the scar area. The nurse should explain to the client that this may be indicative of

The lymph nodes that are responsible for drainage from the arms are the

Which questions should the nurse include when counseling a client about minimizing modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? Select all that apply.

A mother of three young children is newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The client tells the nurse that she is so sad and cannot stop crying. She adds that she feels like she is less of a woman and is having trouble sleeping. When initiating the plan of care, what would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis?

A 50-year-old female presents to the health care clinic as a new client for a complete physical examination. Which data in her health history should a nurse recognize as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer?

A nurse should ask a client to assume which position to begin the examination of the breasts?

The lateral lymph nodes are located along the upper humerus and drain most of the arm.

A 23-year-old computer programmer comes to the office for an annual examination. She has recently become sexually active and wants to start oral contraception. Her only complaint is that the skin in her armpits has become darker. She states it looks like dirt; she scrubs her skin nightly with soap and water, but the colour stays. Her past medical symptoms consist of acne and mild obesity. Her periods have been irregular for 3 years. Her mother has type 2 diabetes and her father has high blood pressure. The client denies tobacco but drinks four to five drinks on Friday and Saturday nights. She denies any illegal drug use. Examination shows a mildly obese woman breathing comfortably. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Inspection of the axillae reveals dark velvet-like skin. Her annual examination is otherwise unremarkable. What disorder of the breast or axilla is she most likely to have?

A nonpregnant female presents to the health care facility and reports new onset of breast discharge. The nurse assesses the discharge to be milky in appearance without breast tenderness or masses. What additional data should the nurse obtain from this client?

A nurse is inspecting a client's breasts. The nurse notices that one breast is larger than the other. Which action should the nurse take next?

The nurse is assessing a 15 year old male and finds soft, fatty enlargement of breast tissue. The nurse would document this as what?

A client has been found to have a breast lump and an ultrasound has been ordered. The client voices concerns to the nurse she is afraid of the painful testing she is going to endure. How should the nurse best respond?

A mother brings her adolescent son into the clinic because she is concerned about his development of breast tissue. Her son denies use of any medications and is slender in appearance. What should be the nurse's next action?

The nurse plans to instruct an adult female client with regular menstrual cycles, who is not taking oral contraceptives, about breast self-examination. The nurse should plan to instruct the client to perform breast self-examination

The nurse is assessing a 50-year-old client's breasts and observes a spontaneous discharge of fluid from the left nipple. The nurse should

Benign conditions of the breast include

Which characteristics are present in a cancerous breast lesion? Select all that apply.

Which characteristic would support the determination that a client is at high risk for breast cancer?

When discussing the decline in newly diagnosed cases of invasive breast cancer, the nurse would identify which factor as being of most importance?

The nurse is conducting a breast examination. Which nodes should the nurse expect to be palpable?

What instruction should the nurse provide to a client to assess for dimpling or retraction of breast tissue?

The nurse is concerned that a client has undiagnosed cancer of the breast. What assessment finding is most likely related to this clinical determination?

A modifiable risk factor for breast cancer includes what?

A 14-year-old junior high school student is brought in by his mother and father because he seems to be developing breasts. The mother is upset because she read on the Internet that smoking marijuana leads to breast enlargement in males. The young man adamantly denies using any tobacco, alcohol, or drugs. He has recently noticed changes in his penis, testicles, and pubic hair pattern. Otherwise, his past medical history is unremarkable. His parents are both in good health. He has two older brothers who never had this problem. Examination shows a mildly overweight teenager with enlarged breast tissue that is slightly tender on both sides. Otherwise his examination is normal. He is agreeable to taking a drug test. What is the most likely cause of his gynecomastia?

A nurse is examining the breasts of a 75-year-old woman. Which of the following are normal findings in the breasts of an older adult?

During the physical examination of a female client, the nurse notes that the client's axillary lymph nodes are enlarged, hard, and fixed. The nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with what disease process?

The client tells the nurse that she has benign breast disease and so she is not worried about any lumps or nodules in her breasts. How would the nurse best respond?

Your patient is noted to have thickening of the skin and unusually prominent pores on her right breast. What might you suspect?