Greek Mythology – Flashcards
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food of the gods
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ambrosia
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drink of the gods
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nectar
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personification of earth
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Gaea
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mountain home of gods
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Mt. Olympus
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name of 12 major gods
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Olympians
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word derived from "all" and "gods"
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Pantheon
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spirits of woods, trees, rivers, springs, caves, mtns
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nymphs
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2 Greek gods of fire--one friendly(hearth) and one unfriendly
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Hestia/Hephaestus
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physically imperfect god
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Hephaestus
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patron goddesses of the arts
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muses
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Gorgon who was mortal
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Medusa
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Maia and Zeus' son: shortly after birth created lyre
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Hermes
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goddess who threatened barren Earth if daughter not returned
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Demeter
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goddess of love and beauty
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Aphrodite
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god of light, sun, poetry, music, medicine, prophecy, arts
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Apollo
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god of war
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Ares
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goddess of moon, hunting, wild animals, childbirth, chastity
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Artemis
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goddess of wisdom, war, handicrafts, liberal arts
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Athene
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god of healing and medicine
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Asclepius
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goddess of Earth, agriculture, fertility, grain, harvest
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Demeter
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god of fertility, wine, revelry, theater
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Dionysus
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goddess of dawn
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Eos
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god of love
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Eros
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god of underworld
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Hades
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god of fire, forge, metal working
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Hephaestus
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queen of gods, goddess of marriage
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Hera
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god of invention, science, commerce, protector of travelers, thieves, gamblers
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Hermes
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goddess of hearth
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Hestia
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god of nature, fields, forests, hunters, shepherds, flocks & rustic life
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Pan
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goddess of the underworld
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Persephone
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god of sea, earthquakes, and horses
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Poseidon
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king of gods
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Zeus
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Greek poet other than Homer-- he wrote about the origins of gods
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Hesiod
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original empty void that existed before creation
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chaos
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another name for Gaea
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Mother Earth
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lowest region of underworld
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Tartarus
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son of aphrodite, created physical attraction b/t ppl
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Eros
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offspring of uranus and GAea with only one eye in middle of forehead
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Cyclopes
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offspring of uranus and gaea who were enormous beings, ruled before the gods
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Titans
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Titanness who was goddess of remembrance
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Mnemosyne
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vengeful creatures, hideous old women in charge of eternal punishiment
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furies
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youngest offspring of Cronus-- escaped being swallowed by Cronus and overthrew him
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Zeus
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other 5 children of Cronus
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Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Demeter
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Rhea's method of preventing Cronus from swallowing the youngest offspring(Zeus)
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disguised a rock by wrapping it in a blanket
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giants freed by Zeus who produced his lightening bolts and helped him defeat Cronus
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Cyclopes
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Titan condemned to hold up the heavens
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Atlas
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3 Olympians who divided the universe among themselves & their respective regions
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Zeus, Hades, Poseidon
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gift given to Hades by Cyclopes
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invisible helmet
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gift given to Poseidon by Cyclopes
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trident
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mountain that Typhon--fire breathing Titan defeated by Zeus-- lives under
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Mt. Etna
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2 sons of Titan Lapetus who fought on the side of Zeus ("forethought" and "afterthought")
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Prometheus and Epimetheus
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gift Zeus withheld from humans which Prometheus provided despite Zeus' ban
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fire
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woman created by Hephaestus who brought suffering to the world
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Pandora
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object Zeus gave as Pandora's dowry
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box/jar
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only item left in Pandora's box
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hope
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where Prometheus was chained by Zeus as punishment for bringing fire to humans
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Mt. Caucases
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part of Prometheus' body that regenerated and was eaten by vultures repeatedly
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liver
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place ruled by Hades; destination of the dead
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Underworld
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name given to the spirits of the dead
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shades
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destination of ordinary shades in underworld
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field of Asphodel
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region of underworld surrounded by 3 high walls and Phlegethon, place of wicked
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Tartarus
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place of peace for virtuous souls
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Elvisian Fields
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river over which souls were ferried into Underworld
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Styx
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River of Woes
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Archeron
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River of Fire
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Phlegethon
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River of Forgetfulness
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Lethe
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River of Unbreakable Oaths
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Styx
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boatman who ferried souls into the underworlds
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Charon
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number of rivers in the underworld
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5
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where dead carried payment for boatmen
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under tongues(mouths)
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Hades' favorite animal; watchdog of the underworld
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Cerberues
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number of watchdog's head
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3
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number of judges in the underworld
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3
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fruit eaten by Persephone while in the Underworld that influenced length of annual stay
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6 seeds of Pomagranite
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Zeus's most powerful weapon
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thunderbolts
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bird seen holding thunderbolts, a symbol of Zeus
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eagle
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Mortal killed by Zeus for bringing dead back to life
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Asclepius
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Zeus and Hera's son who took pleasure in fighting
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Ares
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Greed goddess sprang from Zeus;s head fully grown and wearing armor
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Athene
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goddess "wisdom" and wife of Zeus whom he swallowed
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Metis
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nine daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus who presided over the arts
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muses-- Terpsichore, Enterpe, Eruto, Polyhmnia, Thalia, Calliope, Melpomene, Urania, Clio
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twins of Zeus and Leto
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Apollo and Artemis
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daughter of Zeus and Dione or perhaps born from sea foam
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Aphrodite
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Son of Zeus and Maia who stole Apollo's cows
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Hermes
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nymph whose chatter aided Zeus so Hera condemned her to only repeating
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Echo
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hero born to Zeus and Danae, cast out by grandfather who feared child would kill him
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Hercules
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apples presented to Hera as wedding gift by Gaea
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Golden Apples
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Hera and Zeus' crippled son
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Hephaestus
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Prince of Troy whose insult of Hera eventually led to the Trojan War
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Paris
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object belonging to Aphrodite that caused ppl to be irristable
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linen scarf
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sculptor who fell in love with statue that was brought to life
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Pygmalion
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name of statue that came to life and married its scuptor
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Galatea
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shrine to Athena on Acropolis in Athens
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Parthenon
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chief symbol of Athena
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owl
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Medusa was changed into creature so hideous that one looked at her and turned them into...
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stone
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hero who killed Medusa by cutting off her helmet
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Perseus
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Lyndian woman who bragged she was a better weaver than Athena
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Arachne
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animal Arachne was turned into by Athena
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spider
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instrument played by Apollo, obtained from Hermes
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lyre
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king who voted vs. Apollo in music contest and had his ears turned into donkey ears
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Midas
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mortal hunter who turned into stag by Artemis and killed by his own dogs
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Actaeon
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reason Artemis turned mortal hunter into stag
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saw her bathing
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hunter killed by Artemis when Apollo tricked her into shooting him
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Coronus
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animal created by Poseidon
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horse
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3-pronged spear used by Poseidon to raise storms at sea
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trident
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function of helmet belonging to Hades, made by cyclopes
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invisibility
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objects called talaria which helped Hermes to deliver messages quickly
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winged sandals
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name of Hermes' winged staff wrapped by serpents
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Herdsmen's staff
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bird that was sacred to Ares
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hawk
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legendery founders of Rome, sons of mars(Roman Ares)
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Romulus and Remus
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king who returned Silenus to Dionysus and was given ability to turn objects into gold
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Midas
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daughter locked in tower by King Acrisius out of fear a child of hers would kill him
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Danae
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objects Theseus carried to Athens to prove himself heir to throne
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sword from stone
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giant whose limbs were cut off by Theseus
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Pityocamptes
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method used by Theseus to kill Sinis
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body pulled in half by pine trees
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sorceress married to Theseus' father who attempted to kill Theseus
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Poseidon's wife
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monster with bull's head / mans body; lived in maze
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menatar
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maze in which monster with bull's head / mans body lived
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Labyrinth
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daughter of Minos who aided Theseus in his escape from Labyrinth
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Ariadne
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son of Daedalus who was imprisoned with his father in Crete
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Icarus
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how Icarus died
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flew too high/wings melted
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architect of Labyrinth
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Daedalus
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color of sails Theseus flew accidently on return to Crete
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black
