GP Midterm; 3.2 Hinduism/Buddhism – Flashcards
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an individual soul or spirit is born again and again until moksha is achieved, rebirth
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reincarnation
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good or bad deeds that follow from one reincarnation to another
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karma
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founded by Mahavira, who believed that everything in the universe has a soul and should not me harmed
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Jainism
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born into a noble family that lived in Kapilavastu. founder of Buddhism
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Siddhartha Gautama
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How did the experiences of Siddhartha Gautama influence his religious and ethical beliefs?
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After siddhartha's encounters, he realized that everyone experiences old age, sickened, and death, so he decided to spend his life searching for religious truth and an end to life suffering (buddhism)
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How Buddhism come to be?
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age 29: witnessed an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and a wandering holy man. Realized that every living thing experiences old age, sickness, and death. Siddhartha spent his life searching for an end to life's suffering
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Siddhartha searched for this wisdom for 6 years, and he found his way through meditation
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enlightenment
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Buddha's word for release from selfishness and pain, anyone coud reach this point if you follow the Eightfold Path
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Nirvana
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How did Hindus view the general state of human life?
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Religion is a way to liberate your soul from the illusions, disappointments and mistakes of everyday existence
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How do Hinduism and Jainism encourage moral conduct?
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Taught that one should treat all creatures in the world as one would like to be treated
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Hindu doctrines, basically a version of our bible, between students and teachers, revealed how they got to moksha
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Upanishads
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freeing of your soul that took multiple lifetimes. a perfect understanding of all things
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Moksha
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world soul
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Brahman
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priests
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Brahmin
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creator of the world
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Brahma
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a guide to behavior that if you followed you could reach nirvana. lead balanced/moderate life and rejected devotion to luxury in society
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Eightfold Path
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another way to call eightfold path because it avoided extremes and lived a moderate lifestyle
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Middle Way
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Four Noble Truths
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1st: life is filled w/ suffering and sorrow 2nd: the cause of suffering is desire 3rd: to end suffering, you must end desires 4th: way to overcome desire- follow eightfold path
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Why would Buddhism be appeal to laborers and craftspeople?
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rejection of the caste system
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buddhist teachings
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dharma
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how did buddhism spread?
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traders carried it beyond India to Sri Lanka on silk roads, etc.
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How might the lack of a single founder result in Hinduism changing more over time than other religions?
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Because it is not related back to one set of ideas, but many because of people who follow hinduism
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Indian entertainment (cinema industry)
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Bollywood
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In what ways foes bollywood reflect the history of India?
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themes from the movies depict both the struggles and prosperous times in India
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How has Hinduism influenced social structure in India?
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It has strengthened it, because if a person was born an upper-caste male (brahmin,warrior,or merchant) his good fortune was said to come from good karma, & people turn to their religion for guidance
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How might belief in reincarnation provide a form of social control?
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It influences specific life circumstances, such as the caste someone is born into, one's state of health, wealth or poverty, etc.
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How are the Vedas and Upanishads similar?
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Hindus tried to interpret and explain the hidden meaning of the Vedic hymns by writing them down and these writings later became known as Upanishads
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What elements of Indian sub-continent's history could explain the attitude towards arranged marriage today?
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- more respectful and more marriages - people trust their parents decisions - "love will definitely follow for us the sam was it did for both our parents"
