GOAL 6 7 8 AND 9 – Flashcards
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what was the first known system of written law?
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hammarbi code
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what is meant by "eye for an eye"
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punishment meets crime
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what sert of laws established that the punishment should fit the crime
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justinian code
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means the study of law
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jurisprudence
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what set of moral codes has greatly influenced laws that the us enforces today?
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10 commandments
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what document limited the power of the english monarch in 1215
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magna carta
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who does the term stare decisis mean?
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let decision stand
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what type of law is being used if the Supreme Court declares that school cannot requite students to recite a prayer in school due to the first amendment
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constitution law
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what type of law is set by executive agencies?
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administrative law
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what executive agengy protects the consumer by setting regulations on product sold in the marker?
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regulatory commission
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what executive agency regulates tv and radio?
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federal communication commission
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what executive agency regulates space exploration?
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independent agency NASA
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common law is based on ____?
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precedent
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what is precedent?
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a ruling used for later cases
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what type of law is enacted by a legislature?
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statutory law
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what type of law establishes treaties among nations?
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international law
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what type of law deals with disputes between private parties?
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civil law
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what federal law enforcement agency investigates counterfeiting?
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secret service
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why can jackie not claim to a police officer that she did not know that it was against the law to drive in the car without her seatbelt on?
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common sense
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why does it mean to be incarcerated
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go to jail
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factors are those that could worsen the sentence of a convicted criminal
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plea
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what amendment protects the accused from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment?
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8th
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why type of punishment does not include jail time but places restrictions on a criminals life such as attending a job regularly and curfew
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probation
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laws are prohibited by the us constitution and allow the accused to be punished without a trial
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writ of habbius corpus
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whay theory of punishment claims that the criminal should be punished to keep others from committing similar crimes
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deterrence
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why theory of punishment claims that the criminal should be locked away because he and she is a danger to society
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incapacitation
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what theory of punishment claims that a criminal should be punished so that justice can be served
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retribution
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why theory of punishment says that the focus should be on correcting the behavior of the criminal
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rehabilitation
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what amendment exrends the right of due process to the responsibiility of states?
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10
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what amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures
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4
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what term is used to describe when a criminal is released from prison early but with restrictions?
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parole
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how can citizens influence the law?
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by breaking them
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how can PAC's influence the law?
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get people elected who stand up for their issues
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what is our local law enforcement agency called?
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CMPD
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what right guaranteed by the 5th amendment claims that one cannot be forced to testify against himself?
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self incrimination
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what right guaranteed by the 5th amendment ensures procedural fairness
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due process
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what right guaranteed by the 5th amendment claims that one cannot be tried for the same crime twice?
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double jeopardy
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what is the purpose of the Grand Jury?
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decide if defendant is guilty or not
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necessary for survival
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needs
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what problem does economics work to solve?
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scarcity
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coal cannot be replaced one is is used. waht kind of recourse is coal?
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non renewable
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how would you describe out wants and needs
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wants can live without
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how would you describe our available resources
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scarce
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list the four factors of productions
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land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship
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why cant society not produce all the guns and all the butter it desired?
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goods are limited, you must make sacrifices
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what is the most desirable alternative given up as the result of decision?
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opportunity cost
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what term descirbes a reward offered to try to persuade people to take certain economic actions?
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incentive
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workers that perform manual labor
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blue collar workers
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doctors and lawyers
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white color workers
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what graph shows ways to use an economy;s resources
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circular flow of economy
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growth in an economy can cause the frontier to shift to the _____
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right
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who wrote wealth of nations and ecplaines how a market economy works
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adam smith
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what concept was introduced in wealth of nations that depicts that the market will regulate itself
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invisible hand
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what philosopher means that government should generaly not intervene in a market economy
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laissez faire
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what term describes that the consumer decides what foods are available in the market?
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consumer sovereignty
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what characteristic of a market economy means that sellers work to gain consumer business by lowering prices offering advantages to buying their product
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competition
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what type of economy is based on ritual and custom?
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traditional
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in what type of economy do individuals make all economic decision?
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free
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communism is associates with what type of economy?
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command
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capitalism is associated with what type of economy
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free
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what diagram shows the movement of goods and services and money from firms to households and from households to firms?
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factor
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if a good has many substitutes, its demand is ____?
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elastic
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what term is used to describe the point at which supply and demand intersect?
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equilibrium
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the demand for medicine is?
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inelastic
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minimum wage ceiling or floor?
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price floor
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rent control price ceiling or floor?
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price ceiling
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what economist believed that there are some occastions in which the government must step in and regulate the economy
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john maynard keynes
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what economist wrote communist manifesto and explained the foundations of communism?
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karl marx
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what type of market is controlled my a single seller
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monopoly
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what type of market is controlled by few large firms?
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oligopoly
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what type of business organization has limited liability
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corporation
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what type od business organizations allows the owner to be the sole receiver of profits and make all business decisions
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sole proprietorship
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Mcdonalds and Bojangles are examples of ____?
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franchise
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what are the profits of stockholders?
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dividends
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describes that our money has value simply because they say its valuable
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fiat money
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what term describes an organization that woks to improve wages and working conditions
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union/ labor union
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property used to secure a loan
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collateral
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what do we call a low denomination of money that is lent to the government?
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money market accounts
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why type of fiscal policy should be used during deflation
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expansionary
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why type of fiscal policy should be used during inflation?
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contractionary
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decreasing gov't spending is an example of using what kind of fiscal policy?
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contractionary
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any point at which supply and demand is not equilibrium is called?
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disequilibrium
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the joining of two firms competing in the same market
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horizontal merger
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what was created to insure customer deposits if the bank fails?
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FDIC
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measures the value of products produced by a country's citizens
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GNP
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measures products produced within a country's borders
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GDP
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GDP measured in constant, unchanging prices
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real GDP
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what measures the purchasing power of the dollar?
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CPI
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how could you determine the base year if you are examining the CPI chart?
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every 100
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what trade agreement exists between US, canada, and mexico
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NAFTA
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setting a _____ places a limit on the amount of goods that are imported into a country
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quota
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in periods of inflation, the gov't would use a _____?
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contractionary policy
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in periods of recession, the gov't would use a _____?
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expansionary policy
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to cutoff trade completely
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embargo
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what is the primary measure for determining if a country is developed or developing?
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per capita GDP
