question

Koffi A. Annan

answer

"Now I want to pass on 5 lessons I have learned during 10 years as Secretary-General of the United Nations..." -Five lessons

question

Lesson 1:

answer

We are all responsible for each other's security.

question

Lesson 2:

answer

We are responsible for each other's welfare.

question

Lesson 3:

answer

Both security and prosperity depend on respect for human rights and the rule of law.

question

Lesson 4:

answer

Governments must be accountable for their actions.

question

Lesson 5:

answer

Multilateral institutions must hold nations accountable and be organized in a fair and democratic way.

question

Context of Interdependency

answer

>One planet of interdependent nations >Each nation is unique with its own:

question

>Each nation is unique with its own:

answer

1.Geography and environment 2.History 3.Language 4.Cultural traditions 5.Religion 6.Armed conflicts, uprisings, wars, and humanitarian emergencies 7.Ideas about health, wellness, disease, and death

question

Populations

answer

>Complexity of individuals, families, and multinational populations >Diversity of cultures, cultural histories >Includes many health issue concerns, physical symptoms, traditional treatment approaches

question

What Is Global Health?

answer

. . . the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. >Transcends perspectives and concerns of individual nations. >Emphasizes health problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact.

question

Global Health Goals

answer

1.Worldwide improvement of health; 2.Reduction of disparities; and, 3.Protection against global threats that disregard national borders.

question

Evolution of Global Health Initiatives

answer

1.Declaration of Alma Alta (1978) 2.U.N. Millenium Development Goals (2000) 3.U.N. Sustainability Development Goals (2015)

question

1.Declaration of Alma Alta (1978)

answer

(WHO/UNICEF conference)...Health for All in the 21st Century 1.Tackle the determinants of health 2. Use of health impact assessment to develop health-outcome-driven programs and investments for development and clinical interventions 3. Integrated family- and community-oriented primary health care with a supported hospital system 4. Participatory process of all stakeholders to promote joint decision making, implementation, and accountability

question

3.U.N. Sustainability Development Goals (2015)

answer

mark the beginning of a new era in global development - the world's "to-do list" for a fairer, safer and healthier world by 2030. The health-related targets are centered in Goal 3, but health will affect or be affected by each of the 17 SDGs.

question

Global Health Measures:Global Burden of Disease (GBD)

answer

;Combines losses from premature death and losses of healthy life that result from disability ;Uses units of "disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) >35% of impact due to communicable diseases, maternal health, and nutritional deficiencies >54% noncommunicable diseases, e.g. cardiac, respiratory, musculoskeletal

question

Global Health— "How does it differ?"

answer

1.Structurally 2. Culturally 3. Clinically

question

1.Structurally—

answer

how care is delivered, i.e. people, organizations, processes

question

2.Culturally—

answer

differing ethnicities, languages, & sociopolitical environments

question

3.Clinically—

answer

new types of disease & new ways of curing illness

question

Global Health Care Systems

answer

>Pluralistic health care systems found in most developing countries and include -Traditional healing systems -Lay practices -Household remedies -Transitional health workers -Western medicine

question

Global Health Care Systems : Multilateral Organizations:

answer

Receive funding from governmental and nongovernmental organizations (e.g. WHO, IMF, World Bank)

question

Global Health Care Systems:Bilateral:

answer

Single governmental agency, focus is on direct aid to less developed country (US AID)

question

Global Health Care Systems:Nongovernmental organizations (NGSs);

answer

Independent citizen organizations, provide 20% of external aid (e.g., Medshare International, Inc., Doctors without Borders, Partners in Health, International Red Cross)

question

World Health Organization

answer

>Multilateral agency: supports development efforts of governments and organizations in countries throughout the world >Overarching Goal ****Health for All: A Primary Health Care Initiative *****

question

Universal Imperatives of Care

answer

1. mortality 2 .morbidity 3. Daily Functioning 4. Decision Making 5. Cost

question

1.Mortality -

answer

Reduce/eliminate death from illness

question

2.Morbidity -

answer

Prevent & reduce transmission of illness

question

3.Daily functioning _--

answer

Improve quality of life

question

4.Decision making —

answer

Support capacity for healthy decision making

question

5.Cost-

answer

Reduce cost to increase access to care

question

WHO: 21st Century initiatives

answer

7 century initiatives

question

Basic Elements of Primary Health Care

answer

8 Basic Elements of Primary Health Care

question

Providers of Health Care

answer

1. physicians 2. community health workers 3. community health nurses

question

2.Community health workers--

answer

local, respected, responsible persons approved by committee to serve people in health matter, e.g. traditional birth attendants, village midwife, "Barefoot doctors"

question

3.Community health nurses

answer

>90% of global health care >Global nursing programs, issues r/t standardized curricula, trained faculty, licensure, cost >Forces supporting nursing development

question

Programs/Interventions

answer

1. understanding the context 2. support the work of in-country agencies and organizations 3. implement interventions that

question

1. Understand the context

answer

population, cultural norms and beliefs, health status, and health conditions; also dependent on how health care is practiced in the country

question

3.Implement interventions that:

answer

-Address immediate needs -Promote sustainability -Build capacity of workforce -Enhance resources of existing health care structures and systems

question

Framework for Global Community Health Nursing: Three Eras

answer

1.Era of Infectious Diseases 2.Era of Chronic Long-Term Health Conditions 3.Era of Social Health Conditions

question

Infectious Diseases

answer

>Communicable diseases—5 of 10 leading causes of death >Immunizations >Eradication, elimination, control of communicable diseases

question

chronic LT

answer

>decrease infectious disease, increase life expectancy leads to and increase degenerative disease >Epidemiologic transition: decrease infectious disease M&M increase chronic disease M&M

question

Social Health

answer

>Impact of war & violence >Impact of sustained poverty >Impact of natural and human-made disasters

question

Summary

answer

1.Multiple partnerships exist between government and non governmental agencies to promote global health 2.The World Health Organization has primary leadership role in the promotion of global health. 3.Factors impacting global health are multiple, interrelated and driven by available resources. 4.Measurement is difficult making evaluation of program impact extremely challenging. 5.Nursing has been active in promoting the goals of global health and a effective global health workforce.

Global Health and Global Health Nursing – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards