General Psychology Final Exam Review 2014 – Flashcards
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changes in personality
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The three foot spike that damaged Phineas Gage's frontal lobe resulted in . . .
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independent variable/ dependent variable
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In an experiment the ____ is manipulated by the researcher and it affects on the ___ are measured.
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in hearing, each frequency produces vibrations at a particular spot on the basilar membrane
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Place theory states that
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obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time
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Longitudinal research involves
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organize and explain abstract ideas about behavior
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Theories are a set of organized ideas and propositions that
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Sensation
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The process through which the sense detect environmental stimuli and transmit them to the brain is called __
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Reliability, validity
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Each person in class follows the same instructions of an experiment and we find that the results are consistent and reliable. However, its not measuring what we are hoping to measure. If an experiment has these characteristic, we would say it has good ___, but poor ___.
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Operational definitions
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___ provide an objective description of how variables are going to be measured and observed in a particular study.
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Working memory
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If all of the information on the hard drive of your computer is like long term memory, then ___, like RAM is comparable to what you actually have open and active at any given moment
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is better at recognition than recall.
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Carrie prides herself in "never forgetting a face," although she frequently cannot put the correct name with a specific face. Carrie is really saying that she . . .
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prototype model
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According to ___, when a person is evaluating whether a particular object reflects a certain concept, they compare the most typical item(s) in that category and look for a "family resemblance" with that items properties.
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variable interval
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The ___ schedule of reinforcement is the most resistant to extinction.
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probability of accuracy and speed of processing
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Heuristics and algorithms differ in terms of their ___
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are dependent of each other
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Research shows that during infancy, motor skills and perceptual skills.
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adapting their thinking to fit with the demands of their everyday worlds.
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In Sterberg's theory, individuals who are high in practical intelligence excel at . . .
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partial reinforcement schedule
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Fred's parents are very inconsistent with their childrearing rules. Most of the time Fred can climb on the furniture but sometimes he is punished. Fred's parents can't understand why he isn't a better behaved child. Fred's parents are reinforcing his negative behaviors on a ____ .
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episodic memory/ semantic memory
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Jillian was in a car accident and sustained a serious head trauma. Since the surgery, she has forgotten her name, career, and other vital information about herself. Yet, she is still able to talk, know what words mean, and have general knowledge about the world, such as what day it is or who is currently president of the United States. This behavior suggests that Jillian's ___ is impaired but her ___ is still functioning.
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speed with which she can analyze information
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Zoe's ___ reflect(s) her fluid intelligence.
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evaluation of solutions
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Developing a criterion for determining the effectiveness of the solution occurs during which step of the problem solving process?
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Because infants can't speak, a psychologist must use clever methods to infer what infants know.
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What is the biggest challenge faced by psychologists who study infant perception?
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What is Maslow's motivational hierarchy? How has it been criticized? What modifications have been proposed to the hierarchy?
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What is the best way to set goals? How important are deadlines?
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How do psychologists study the ability to resist temptation and what have these studies shown?
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What is the Self-Determination Theory?
