question

The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.

answer

Psychopathology

question

A pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress, impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life, or both.

answer

Psychological disorder or mental disorder

question

The book published by the American Psychiatric Association that describes the specific symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for different psychological disorders.

answer

DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)

question

A survey to see how common psychological disorders are. It involved more than two years of face-to-face interviews throughout the country using more than 9000 Americans, ages 18 and older.

answer

National Comorbidity Survey Replication

question

Means that people diagnosed with one disorder are also frequently diagnosed with another disorder as well.

answer

Comorbidity

question

An unpleasant emotional state characterized by physical arousal and feelings of tension, apprehension, and worry. Anxiety puts you on physical alert, preparing you to defensively "fight" or "flee" potential dangers. Anxiety also puts you on mental alert, making you focus your attention squarely on the threatening situation. Most anxiety disorders are more common in women than in men.

answer

Anxiety

question

A category of psychological disorders in which extreme anxiety is the main diagnostic feature and causes significant disruptions in the person's cognitive, behavioral, or interpersonal functioning.

answer

Anxiety disorder

question

An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, global, and persistent symptoms of anxiety, also called free-floating anxiety.

answer

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

question

When one source of worry is removed, another quickly moves in to take its place. The anxiety can be attached to virtually and object or to none at all.

answer

Free-floating anxiety

question

A sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity.

answer

Panic attack

question

An anxiety disorder in which the person experiences frequent and unexpected panic attacks.

answer

Panic disorder

question

An anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of experiencing a panic attack in a public situation and being unable to escape or get help.

answer

Agoraphobia

question

A persistent and irrational fear or specific object, situation, or activity.

answer

Phobia

question

A spanish phrase that mean "attack of nerves". It has many symptoms in common with panic disorder - heart palpitations, dizziness, and the fear of dying, going crazy, or losing control. It typically follows a severe stressor, especially one involving a family member.

answer

Ataque de nervios

question

1) Amathophobia - Fear of dust 2) Anemophobia - Fear of wind 3) Aphephobia - Fear of being touched by another person 4) Bibliophobia - Fear of books 5) Catotrophobia - Fear of breaking a mirror 6) Ergophobia - Fear of work or responsibility 7) Erythrophobia - Fear of red objects 8) Gamophobia - Fear of marriage 9) Hypertrichophobia - Fear of growing excessive amounts of body hair 10) Levophobia - Fear of things being on the left side of your body 11) Phobophobia - Fear of acquiring a phobia 12) Phonophobia - Fear of the sound of your own voice 13) Triskaidekaphobia - Fear of the number 13

answer

Some unusual phobias

question

An excessive, intense, and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that is actively avoided or endured with marked anxiety.

answer

Specific phobia

question

An anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations.

answer

Social phobia or social anxiety disorder

question

An anxiety disorder in which chronic and persistent symptoms of anxiety develop in response to an extreme physical or psychological trauma. Three core symptoms characterize it, they are: 1) The person frequently recalls the event, replaying it in her mind. 2) The person avoids stimuli or situations that tend to trigger memories of the experience and undergoes a general numbing of emotional responsiveness. 3) The person experiences the increased physical arousal like being easily startled, experience sleep disturbances, have problems concentrating and remembering, and be prone to irritability or angry outbursts.

answer

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

question

An anxiety disorder in which the symptoms of anxiety are triggered by intrusive, repetitive thoughts and urges to perform certain actions.

answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

question

Repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images that cause extreme anxiety and distress.

answer

Obsessions

question

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are performed to prevent or reduce anxiety. They may be overt physical behaviors, such as repeatedly washing your hands, checking doors or windows, or entering and reentering a doorway until you walk through exactly in the middle. Or they may by covert mental behaviors, such as counting or reciting certain phrases to yourself.

answer

Compulsions

question

Obsessions - contamination, pathological doubt, violent or sexual thoughts Compulsions - washing, checking, counting, symmetry and precision

answer

Most common obsessions and compulsions

question

1) General anxiety disorder (GAD) 2) Panic disorder 3) Phobias 4) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 5) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

answer

Anxiety disorders

question

A category of mental disorders in which significant and persistent disruptions in mood or emotions cause impaired cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning; also called affective disorders.

answer

Mood disorders

question

A mood disorder characterized by extreme and persistent feelings of despondency, worthlessness, and hopelessness, causing impaired emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning. It's often called the common cold and it's among the most prevalent psychological disorders.

answer

Major depression

question

A mood disorder in which episodes of depression typically occur during the fall and the winter and subside during the spring and summer.

answer

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

question

A mood disorder involving chronic, low-grade feelings of depression that produce subjective discomfort but do not seriously impair the ability to functions.

answer

Dysthymic disorder

question

Thoughts rapidly and loosely shift from topic to topic

answer

Flight of ideas

question

A mood disorder involving periods of incapacitating depression alternating with periods of extreme euphoria and excitement; formerly called manic depression.

answer

Bipolar disorder

question

A sudden, rapidly escalating emotional state characterized by extreme euphoria, excitement, physical energy, and rapid thoughts and speech.

answer

Manic episode

question

A mood disorder characterized by moderate but frequent mood swings that are not severe enough to qualify as bipolar disorder.

answer

Cyclothymic disorder

question

Experiencing ,four or more manic or depressive episodes every year.

answer

Rapid cycling

question

A medication that helps control bipolar disorder.

answer

Lithium

question

A category of mental disorders characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior. The two main types are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

answer

Eating disorder

question

An eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss, and irrational fear of gaining weight, and distorted body self perception.

answer

Anorexia nervosa

question

A soft fine body hair that people with severe anorexia often develop

answer

Lanugo

question

An eating disorder characterized by binges f extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, or other inappropriate methods to purge the excessive food and prevent weight gain.

answer

Bulimia nervosa

question

Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of thought, emotions, behavior, and interpersonal functioning that are stable over time and across situations, and deviate from the expectations of the individual's culture.

answer

Personality disorder

question

The consistent and enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that characterize you as an individual.

answer

Personality

question

Are relatively stable pre-dispositions to behave or react in certain ways.

answer

Personality traits

question

1) Odd, eccentric cluster 2) Dramatic, emotional, erratic cluster 3) Anxious, fearful cluster

answer

Basic clusters of personality disorders

question

A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of the motives of others without sufficient basis.

answer

Paranoid personality disorder

question

A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others; such individuals are also ofen referred to as psychopaths or sociopaths.

answer

Antisocial personality disorder

question

During childhood or adolescence, behaviors that draw attention of authorities that can include cruelty to animals, attacking or harming adults or other children, theft, setting fires, and destroying property.

answer

Conduct disorder

question

A personality disorder characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, and marked impulsivity. It's the most severe of the personality disorders and is also the most commonly diagnosed.

answer

Borderline personality disorder

question

A break or disruption in consciousness during which awareness, memory, and personal identity become separated or divided.

answer

Dissociative experience

question

A category of psychological disorders in which extreme and frequent disruptions of awareness, memory and personal identity impair the ability to function.

answer

Dissociative disorders

question

A dissociative disorder involving the partial r total inability to recall important personal information.

answer

Dissociative amnesia

question

A dissociative disorder involving sudden and unexpected travel away from home, extensive amnesia, and identity confusion.

answer

Dissociative fugue

question

A dissociative disorder involving extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities, or "personalities"; formerly called multiple personality disorder. Commonly those with DID "lose time" and are unable to recall their behavior or whereabouts during specific time periods. Symptoms of major depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, sleep disorders, and self-destructive behavior are also very common.

answer

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

question

A psychological disorder in which the ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes.

answer

Schizophrenia

question

In schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect excesses or distortions of normal functioning, including delusions, hallucination, and disorganized thoughts and behavior.

answer

Positive symptoms

question

In schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect defects or deficits in normal functioning, including flat affect, alogia, and avolition.

answer

Negative symptoms

question

A falsely held belief that persists despite compelling contradictory evidence.

answer

Delusion

question

Reflects the person's false conviction that other people's behavior and ordinary events are somehow personally related to them.

answer

Delusions of reference

question

Involves the belief that the person is extremely powerful, important, or wealthy.

answer

Delusions of grandeur

question

The basic theme is that others are plotting against or trying to harm the person or someone close to them.

answer

Delusions of persecution

question

Involves the belief that outside forces - aliens, the government, or random people, for example-are trying to exert control on the individual.

answer

Delusions of being controlled

question

Regardless of the situation, the person responds in an emotionally "flat" way, showing a dramatic reduction in emotional responsiveness and facial expressions. (A negative symptom)

answer

Flat affect

question

Verbal responses are limited to brief. empty comments (A negative symptom)

answer

Alogia

question

The inability to initiate or persist in even simple forms of goal directed behaviors, such as dressing, bathing, or engaging in social activities. (A negative symptom)

answer

Avolition

question

A false or distorted perception that seems vividly real to the person experiencing it.

answer

Hallucination

General Psychology Chapter 13 Test Questions – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards