FSHN EXAM 2 Review – Flashcards
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Which of the following groups are the most Vulnerable to dehydration?
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Infants and the elderly
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Which of the following explains why folate is critical to the health of a newly conceived embryo?
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Folate is needed for proper cell division.
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The human body can synthesize which of the following vitamins?
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Vitamin K
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The major dietary source of iodine worldwide is
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iodized table salt.
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Matt has just been diagnosed with hypertension , and his physician has instructed him to reduce his sodium intake. Which of the following would be good advice for Matt?
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Snack on fresh fruits and vegetables instead of salty snacks.
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What is the most common nutrient deficiency, worldwide?
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Iron
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Premilk, which is rich in immune factors and protein, is also known as?
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Colostrum
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Good Sources of riboflavin include
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milk, meats, and green vegetables.
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On average, which of the following individuals would have the highest percentage of body water?
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35-year-old lean man
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The primary sources of folate in the American diet are?
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enriched ready-to-eat cereals, bread, and grain products.
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The stimulus that is needed for continued and sustained production of breast milk is
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infant suckling
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Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common?
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Rich sources of both include fresh foods, such as bananas, cantaloupe, and potatoes.
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Folate deficiency during pregnancy is associated with
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neural tube defects.
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Vitamin K deficiencies are rare because
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intestinal bacteria produce vitamin K.
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The majority of dietary chloride is consumed from
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table salt
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Vitamins A,D,E and K are best absorbed with foods that are rich in
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fat
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that indicates an infant is ready to accept solid foods?
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The infant has high stores of iron.
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Major minerals are those that the body needs in how many mg per day?
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More than 100 mg
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Which mineral's absorption is enhanced greatly by vitamin C?
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Iron
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Which of the following individuals would least likely need dietary supplementation?
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people who eat a balanced diet
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Which of the following statements does NOT describe water-soluble vitamins?
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Water-soluble vitamins are stored in large amounts in the body.
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In the United States, accidental overdose of which of the following is the most common cause of poisoning deaths in children under six?
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Iron
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High concentrations of homocysteine in the blood are associated with the development of
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heart disease
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Unless prescribed by a qualified practitioner, taking a single-nutrient supplement is NOT recommended because it
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may quickly lead to a nutrient toxicity.
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Excess consumption of what nutrient during pregnancy is associated with birth defects?
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vitamin A
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Which statement regarding thiamin is FALSE?
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It is often toxic when consumed in excess
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Which vitamins pose the greatest risk of toxicity?
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vitamins A and D
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Milk that is low in fat and produced first in a nursing session is known as
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foremilk
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Hyponatremia is associated with
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overhydration
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Which of the following is the BEST source of thiamin?
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pork products
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Bob's physician has just diagnosed him with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following would NOT be good advice for Bob to follow to increase his body's absorption of dietary iron?
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drinking a glass of milk with his iron supplement
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The primary cause of gastroesophageal reflux and constipation during pregnancy is
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relaxation of the smooth muscles
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At what point during pregnancy is adequate folate MOST important?
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during the first four weeks after conception
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Why is it strongly recommended that infants NOT consume honey?
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Honey contains spores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum
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Chromium assists in the uptake of which of the following?
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glucose
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Celine visited her doctor to examine a cut that bled a lot before it clotted. Which of the following deficiencies might cause increased bleeding?
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vitamin K
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In which trimester of pregnancy is the fetus the most vulnerable to teratogens?
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first
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What percentage of an adult's healthy body weight is fluid?
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50 to 70
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The chronic overconsumption of which of the following foods can result in a biotin deficiency?
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raw egg whites
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Recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the
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Mother's weight before becoming pregnant.
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Which of the following is NOT associated with gestational diabetes?
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delivery of a low birth weight infant
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A healthy-weight woman should gain approximately how many pounds during pregnancy?
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25 to 35
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What is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in large amounts in the human body?
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vitamin B12
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Which statement is FALSE regarding fat-soluble vitamins?
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Fat-soluble vitamins need to be consumed on a daily basis.
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During the second and third trimesters, the caloric needs of a pregnant woman increase by how many kilocalories per day?
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350 to 450
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Iron absorption is highest when
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iron stores are low
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Which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium?
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1 medium fresh orange
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Most of pregnant woman's nutrient needs can be met by consuming a healthful, balanced diet, except for which specific nutrient
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Iron
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Which of the following will impair iron absorption?
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low amounts of stomach acid
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Diets rich in which of the following nutrients are associated with maintaining healthy blood pressure levels?
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potassium
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Most water is lost daily via the
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kidneys
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit of breastfeeding for the infant?
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The fat in breast milk is easy for the infant to digest.
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Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism?
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dryness of the mouth and throat tissues
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Which water-soluble vitamin can regenerate vitamin E after it has been oxidized?
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Vitamin C
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The bioavailability of calcium from spinach is limited because of the leafy green's.
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High levels of oxalates.
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Trace minerals are those our body needs in what amount per day?
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less than 100 mg
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Which of the following would NOT be a good strategy for increasing vitamin C in the diet?
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boiling vegetables to bring the vitamin to the surface of the food
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Which of the following is NOT a strong influence on adolescent food patterns?
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parents
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Which of the following are rich sources of vitamin C?
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green and red peppers
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In addition to proper growth and development, bone remodeling is critical in maintaining
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blood calcium levels
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Which of the following are required components of antioxidant enzyme systems?
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antioxidant minerals
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Where do humans obtain vitamin D?
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sunlight
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Beta-carotene is a precursor of
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Vitamin A
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Which of the following is FALSE concerning calcium?
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Ninety-nine percent of calcium is found in the blood and soft tissue.
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What is the term for a situation in which people are unable to obtain enough food to meet their daily physical needs?
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food insecurity