Formaldehyde CH2O structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Deloris Connelly

Molecular Formula CH2O
Average mass 30.026 Da
Density 0.7±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point -19.5±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point -75.1±13.7 °C
Molar Refractivity 6.5±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 2.6±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 12.6±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 43.8±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Predicted – Mcule
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties
    • Experimental Melting Point:

      -15 °C Alfa Aesar
      -92 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 16679, 22401
      -15 °C Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      120-170 °C (Literature) LabNetwork LN00194114
    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      -6 F (-21.1111 °C)
      NIOSH LP8925000
      -19.4 °C LabNetwork LN00194114
    • Experimental Ionization Potent:

      10.88 Ev NIOSH LP8925000
    • Experimental Vapor Pressure:

      1 atm (760 mmHg)
      NIOSH LP8925000
    • Experimental Flash Point:

      60 °C Alfa Aesar
      56 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated)
      60 °C Alfa Aesar
      60 °F (15.5556 °C)
      Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      71 °C LabNetwork LN00194114
    • Experimental Freezing Point:

      -134 F (-92.2222 °C)
      NIOSH LP8925000
    • Experimental Gravity:

      1.083 g/mL Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      1.3765 Alfa Aesar A16163, 33314
    • Experimental Solubility:

      Miscible NIOSH LP8925000
  • Miscellaneous
    • Appearance:

      colourless liquid, typically 37% formaldehyde in water Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated)
      Nearly colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution (see specific listing for Formalin).] NIOSH LP8925000
    • Stability:

      Stable. Strong reducing agent, especially in alkaline solution.Substances to be avoided include strong bases,strong acids, strong oxidising agents, aniline, phenol,isocyanates, anhydrides. Combustible
      . Light and air sensitive. Polymerizesspontaneously. Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated)
    • Safety:

      23/24/25-34-37-39/23/24/25-40-43 Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      3 Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      4-7/9-16-20-23-26-27-36/37/39-45-51-60 Alfa Aesar A16163
      7/9-16-23-26-27-36/37/39-45-51-60 Alfa Aesar 33314
      Danger Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      DANGER: Causes GI injury; skin, eye & respiratory irritation Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      DANGER: CAUSES LUNG SENSITIZATION; POTENTIAL CANCER HAZARD. Alfa Aesar A16163
      DANGER: CORROSIVE, burns skin and eyes Alfa Aesar 23277
      DANGER: FLAMMABLE, CORROSIVE, burns skin and eyes Alfa Aesar 33314
      H301-H311-H331-H314-H226-H351-H371-H317 Alfa Aesar A16163
      H301-H311-H331-H370-H351-H314-H226-H317 Alfa Aesar 33314
      P210-P301+P310-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338-P361-P405-P501a Alfa Aesar 33314, A16163
      Safety glasses. Nitrile or butyl rubber gloves. Good ventilation. 50 g kg-1, SKN-RAT LD50 3000 mg kg-1 Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated)
      Xn Abblis Chemicals AB1002009
    • First-Aid:

      Eye: Irrigate immediately Breathing: Respiratory support NIOSH LP8925000
    • Exposure Routes:

      inhalation, skin and/or eye contact NIOSH LP8925000
    • Symptoms:

      Irritation eyes, nose, throat, respiratory system; lacrimation (discharge of tears); cough; wheezing; [potential occupational carcinogen] NIOSH LP8925000
    • Target Organs:

      Eyes, respiratory system Cancer Site [nasal cancer] NIOSH LP8925000
    • Incompatibility:

      Strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids; phenols; urea [Note: Pure formaldehyde has a tendency to polymerize. Reacts with HCl to form bis-Chloromethyl ether.] NIOSH LP8925000
    • Personal Protection:

      Skin: No recommendation Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: No recommendation Remove: No recommendation Change: No recommendation NIOSH LP8925000
    • Exposure Limits:

      NIOSH REL : Ca TWA 0.016 ppm C 0.1 ppm [15-minute] See Appendix A OSHA PEL : [1910.1048] TWA 0.75 ppm ST 2 ppm NIOSH LP8925000
  • Gas Chromatography
    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      229 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 12 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 50000; Active phase: SE-30; Substrate: Celatom AW silanized; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Haken, J.K.; Nguyen, A.; Wainwright, M.S., Application of linear extrathermodynamic relationships to alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amd ethoxy alcohols, J. Chromatogr., 179, 1979, 75-85.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      284 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 50000; Active phase: Porapack Q; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 235, 1982, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      249 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 160 C; CAS no: 50000; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192.) NIST Spectra nist ri
    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      273 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 50000; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2/He; Phase thickness: 0.10 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G., Experimentally measured retention indices., 2005.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      247 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40C(6min)=>5C/min=>80C=>10C/min=>200C; CAS no: 50000; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56.) NIST Spectra nist ri

Predicted data is generated using the ACD/Labs Percepta Platform – PhysChem Module

Density: 0.7±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: -19.5±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 3463.8±0.0 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 22.3±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: -75.1±13.7 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.235
Molar Refractivity: 6.5±0.3 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 1
#H bond donors: 0
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0
#Rule of 5 Violations: 0
ACD/LogP: 0.35
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.29
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 34.29
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 0.29
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 34.29
Polar Surface Area: 17 Å2
Polarizability: 2.6±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 12.6±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 43.8±3.0 cm3

Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency’s EPISuite™

 
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
 Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) = 0.35
 Log Kow (Exper. database match) = 0.35
 Exper. Ref: Hansch,C et al. (1995)

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
 Boiling Pt (deg C): 9.50 (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
 Melting Pt (deg C): -110.94 (Mean or Weighted MP)
 VP(mm Hg,25 deg C): 3.49E+003 (Mean VP of Antoine & Grain methods)
 MP (exp database): -92 deg C
 BP (exp database): -19.1 deg C
 VP (exp database): 3.89E+03 mm Hg at 25 deg C

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
 Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L): 5.702e+004
 log Kow used: 0.35 (expkow database)
 no-melting pt equation used
 Water Sol (Exper. database match) = 4e+005 mg/L (20 deg C)
 Exper. Ref: PICKRELL,JA ET AL. (1983)

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
 Wat Sol (v1.01 est) = 3.9694e+005 mg/L
 Wat Sol (Exper. database match) = 400000.00
 Exper. Ref: PICKRELL,JA ET AL. (1983)

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
 Class(es) found:
 Aldehydes

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
 Bond Method : 9.29E-005 atm-m3/mole
 Group Method: 6.14E-005 atm-m3/mole
 Exper Database: 3.37E-07 atm-m3/mole
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]: 5.267E-004 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
 Log Kow used: 0.35 (exp database)
 Log Kaw used: -4.861 (exp database)
 Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate): 5.211
 Log Koa (experimental database): None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
 Biowin1 (Linear Model) : 1.0179
 Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model) : 0.9999
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
 Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model): 3.1551 (weeks )
 Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) : 4.0011 (days )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
 Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model) : 1.0342
 Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model): 0.9879
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
 Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): 0.9587
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
 Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
 Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled): 5.19E+005 Pa (3.89E+003 mm Hg)
 Log Koa (Koawin est ): 5.211
 Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
 Mackay model : 5.78E-012 
 Octanol/air (Koa) model: 3.99E-008 
 Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
 Junge-Pankow model : 2.09E-010 
 Mackay model : 4.63E-010 
 Octanol/air (Koa) model: 3.19E-006 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
 Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
 OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 8.1300 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
 Half-Life = 1.316 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
 Half-Life = 15.787 Hrs
 Ozone Reaction:
 No Ozone Reaction Estimation
 Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 3.36E-010 (Junge,Mackay)
 Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
 Koc : 1
 Log Koc: 0.000 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
 Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
 Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162)
 log Kow used: 0.35 (expkow database)

 Volatilization from Water:
 Henry LC: 3.37E-007 atm-m3/mole (Henry experimental database)
 Half-Life from Model River: 952.6 hours (39.69 days)
 Half-Life from Model Lake : 1.044E+004 hours (434.9 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
 Total removal: 1.87 percent
 Total biodegradation: 0.09 percent
 Total sludge adsorption: 1.76 percent
 Total to Air: 0.02 percent
 (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
 Mass Amount Half-Life Emissions
 (percent) (hr) (kg/hr)
 Air 2.13 27.4 1000 
 Water 44.2 360 1000 
 Soil 53.5 720 1000 
 Sediment 0.0826 3.24e+003 0 
 Persistence Time: 390 hr




 

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