First Aid Exam 1 – Flashcards
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Each year one person in - suffers a nonfatal injury serious enough to need medical attention.
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4
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The leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults is:
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unintentional injuries
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The person who primarily benefits from first aid training is oneself
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True
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Consent to give first aid must be obtained from every victim who is:
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responsive, mentally competent, and of legal age
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If the victim is unresponsive, permission to give first aid is known as:
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implied consent
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A first aider must stay with the victim until another equally or better trained person takes over. Failure to do so would be considered:
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abandonment
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Deviating from accepted standards of care, that results in further injury to the victim is known as:
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negligence
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A first aider who breaks his or her responsibility to a victim by failing to provide the type of care that another person with similar training would provide, commits:
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breach of duty
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Which of the following statements concerning Good Samaritan laws is true?
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they protect first aiders acting in good faith
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If a victim refuses first aid treatment, the first aid responder should:
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call 911 and stay with the victim until help arrives
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Who is a vital link between emergency medical services and the victim?
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bystanders
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The most important time to decide whether to help in an emergency is:
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before encountering an emergency
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Why are laypersons less likely to offer help when an emergency occurs in a public place?
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lack of knowledge, confusion about what is an emergency, and characteristics of the emergency.
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What is the first action a bystander should take in an emergency?
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recognize the emergency
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A communicable disease is a disease that can be spread from one person to another.
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True
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Which of the following are bloodbourne diseases?
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Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV
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Hepatitis C can cause __disease or cancer.
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liver
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__ are transmitted through the air by coughing or sneezing.
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airborne diseases
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes:
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exam gloves, mouth-to-mouth barrier devices, and eye protection
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When calling 911, which of the following information should be given to the EMS dispatch?
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the victims location and condition, number of persons involved, and your name and phone number you are calling from.
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Which three body systems include the most important and sensitive organs?
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respiratory, circulatory, and nervous
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Conditions involving the respiratory, nervous, and skeletal systems can threaten life.
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False (because skeletal isn't life threatening)
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The epiglottis diverts food away from the trachea.
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True
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Food or liquid can enter the trachea by mistake when the __ fails to close.
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epiglottis
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An unresponsive person is at risk for suffocation because:
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normal swallowing controls will not operate, liquid in the windpipe may cause suffocation, and foreign objects, such as false teeth, may cause suffocation.
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How many lungs does the human body have?
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2
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The average rate of breathing in an adult at rest is __ to __ respirations per minute.
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12 to 20
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Cyanosis would cause what kind of skin color?
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blue-purple
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Normal ranges for respirations: Adults Adolescents (13-18) School-aged children (6-12) Preschoolers (4-5) Toddlers (1-3) Infants
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Normal ranges for respirations: 12-20 12-16 18-30 27-34 24-40 30-60
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The heart is located behind the __
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sternum
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The normal purse rate for adults is __ to __beats per minute.
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60-100
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Normal ranges for pulse rate: Adults & children (older than 10) Preschoolers & school-aged children(2-10) Infants and toddkers(3 months-2yr) Infants(up to 3 months of age)
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Normal ranges for pulse rate: 60-100 60-140 100-190 85-205
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Which blood vessels carry blood back to the heart?
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veins
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Which of the following is the major artery of the neck?
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carotid
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Name the major locations for each of the following pulses: a. carotid - side of neck b. radial - palm side of wrist, thumb side c. brachial - inside of arm, between elbow and armpit
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For what type of victim: unresponsive person alert person infant
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List the three types of blood vessels to their characteristic blood flow: Blood vessel: a. capillaries b. vein c. artery
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List the three types of blood vessels to their characteristic blood flow: Blood flow: oozes'steadily flows spurts
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Hemorrhage is the term for profuse bleeding.
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true
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What is the clear, watery solution that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord?
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cerebrospinal fluid
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The adult skeleton has __ bones
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206
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What are the three different kinds of muscles?
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skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
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A joint is where two or more bones meet or join?
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true
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The outer layer of the skin is called the __?
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Epidermis
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What is the purpose of the skin?
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to protect against bacteria invasion, to help regulate body temperature, and to act as a sensory organ.
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An __ is a sequence of actions that helps determines what is wrong and helps provide safe and appropriate first aid.
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assessment
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Which of the following is the first step in an assessment?
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primary check
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What is the purpose of the primary check?
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to discover problems that may become life-threatening if left untreated
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Using the mnemonic __ can help you collect the victim's history.
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SAMPLE
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Check the victim's responsiveness by gently tapping the victim's shoulder and asking shouting loudly____.
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are you okay?
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When checking for severe bleeding, search the:
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victim's entire body from head to toe, floor or ground for pooling blood, and victim's clothing.
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Something that the first aider sees, hears or feels is:
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a sign
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Which of the following indicates a breathing problem?
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snoring, gurgling, and wheezing
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The mnemonic DOTS can help you remember:
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the signs and symptoms of an injury
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The physical exam on an adult should be started at the victim's
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head
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How do you check a victim's abdomen for tenderness?
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gently press the four quadrants
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___ is a mnemonic for assessment in which each area of the body is evaluated for deformities, open wounds, tenderness and swelling.
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DOTS
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Circulation, sensation, and movement (CSM) are checked during assessment of the:
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extremities
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Abnormal skin temperature feels:
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hot, cool or cold, and clammy
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Medical identification tags can help the first aider identify:
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allergies, medications, and medical history
