question

Review for ch. 13

answer

* Chest injuries fall into 2 categories: open or closed. * Closed chest injuries include rib fractures and flail chest. * In an open chest injury, the skin has been broken and the chest wall is penetrated by an object such as a knife or bullet. * Injuries to the abdomen are either open or closed and can involve hollow and /or solid organs. * Closed abdominal injuries are those in which the skin has been broken and the abdominal wall penetrated. * Open abdominal injuries are those in which the skin has been broken and the abdominal wall penetrated. FIX THIS SAME DEF * Pelvic fractures are usually caused by falling or a motor vehicle crash.

question

closed abdominal injury

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an injury to the abdomen that occurs as a result of a direct blow from a blunt object; there is no break in the skin.

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closed chest injury

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an injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken; usually due to blunt trauma.

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flail chest

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a condition that occurs when several ribs in the same area are broken in more than one place

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open abdominal injury

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an injury to the abdomen in which the skin is broken; can involve a penetrating would or protruding organs

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open chest injury

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an injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by an external object such as a bullet or knife

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paradoxical movement

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the movement of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the movement (in during inhalation, out during exhalation) is the opposite of normal chest wall movement during breathing

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pneumothorax

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accumulation of air in the pleural space

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protruding organ injury

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a severe injury to the abdomen in which the internal organs escape or protrude from the wound; also known as evisceration

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sucking chest wound

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a chest wound that allows air to pass into the chest cavity with each breath

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True

answer

Stabilize a broken rib with a soft object, such as a pillow or blanket, tied to the chest. (T/F)

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False

answer

For suspected rib fractures apply tight bandages around the chest. (T/F)

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False

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Remove a penetrating or impaled object from the chest or the abdomen. (T/F)

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False

answer

A Flail chest refers to a single broken rib. (T/F)

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True

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Keep the person with a broken pelvis still. (T/F)

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True

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Sharp pain while breathing can be a sign of a rib fracture. (T/F)

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False

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Rib fractures should be treated by tightly taping the chest. (T/F)

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True

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Most people with abdominal injuries are more comfortable with their knees bent. (T/F)

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False

answer

Leave a chest wound uncovered if you hear air being sucked in and out. (T/F)

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True

answer

A broken pelvis can threaten life because of the large amount of blood loss. (T/F)

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Review for Ch. 14:

answer

* Broken bones can be painful and debilitating and can cause lifelong aggravation, disability, and deformity. * A joint is where two or more bones come together; Joints can be dislocated or sprained. * Muscles can be strained, bruised, or cramped.

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closed fracture

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a fracture in which there is no word in the overlying skinEDIT

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contusion

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injured tissue or skin resulting from a blow to the muscle in which blood vessels rupture; a bruise

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cramp

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a painful spasm of a muscle

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crepitus

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a grating sound heard and the sensation felt when the fractured ends of a bone rub together.

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dislocation

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bones are displaced from their normal joint alignment, out of their sockets, or out of their normal positions.

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fracture

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a break or rupture in a bone

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open fracture

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a fracture exposed to the exterior; an open wound lies over the fracture.

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sprain

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a trauma to a joint that injuries the ligaments

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strain

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a tearing of muscle that occurs when the muscle is stretched beyond its normal range of motion

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True

answer

Apply cold on a suspected sprain. (T/F)

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True

answer

The letters RICE stand for rest, ice, compression, and elevation. (T/F)

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True

answer

DOTS stands for deformity, open wound, tenderness, and swelling. (T/F)

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True

answer

Guarding occurs when motion produces pain. (T/F)

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False

answer

Crepitus cannot be heard, but it can be felt by the person. (T/F)

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FalseTru

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A dislocation is cared for much differently that a fracture. (T/F)EDIT

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False

answer

Check a suspected fracture by having the person move the extremity. (T/F)

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True

answer

Treat a muscle cramp by stretching the affected muscle. (T/F)

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False

answer

CSM stands for cold, swelling, and motion. (T/F)

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False

answer

Do not push on a protruding bone. (T/F) CHECK

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Review for Ch. 13:

answer

* Injuries to the extremities are common. * There are many types of injuries to the extremities, ranging from simple contusions to complex open factures. * RICE is the acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation * Shoulder injuries include: shoulder dislocation, clavicle fracture, contusion, and tendinitis * Elbow injuries include: elbow fracture and dislocation, tennis elbow, golfer's elbow * Hand injuries include: crushed hand * Finger injuries include: Finger fracture, finger dislocation, sprained finger, nail avulsion, splinters, blood under a nail, ring strangulation * Hip joint injuries include: Hip dislocation & Hip fracture * Thigh injuries include: femur fracture, muscle contusion, muscle strain * Knee injuries include: knee fracture, knee dislocation, patella dislocation, knee sprain, knee contusion * Lower leg injuries include: tibia and fibula fracture, tibia and fibula contusion, muscle cramp, shin splits, ankle and foot injuries, toe injuries

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clavicle

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the collar bone

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6 types of injuries:

answer

1) contusions 2) strains 3) sprains 4) tendinitis 5) dislocations 6) FracturesFLIP ANSWERS AND QUESTION

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Contusion

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a bruise; an injury that causes a hemorrhage in or beneath the skin but does not break the skinDELETE

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Dislocation

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the displacement of a bone from its normal joint alignment, out of its socket, or out of its normal position IS THIS A REPEAT

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femur

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the thigh bone; the longest and one of the strongest bones in the body

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fibula

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the smaller of the two bones of the lower leg

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fracture

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a break or crack in the bone IS THIS A REPEAT

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humerus

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the supporting bone of the upper arm

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patella

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the knee cap, a specialized bone that lies within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle.

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radius

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the bone on the thumb side of the forearm

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scapula

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the shoulder blade

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sprain

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a trauma to the joint that injuries the ligaments THIS MAY NEED EDITING

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strain

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an injury to a muscle caused by a violent contraction or an excessive, forcible stretching

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tendinitis

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inflammation of a tendon caused by overuse

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tibia

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the shin bone; the larger of the two bones of the lower leg

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ulna

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the inner bone of the forearm, on the side opposite the thumb

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True

answer

Injuries heal faster if rested

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False

answer

Compression increases internal bleeding, helping the injury to heal faster

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True

answer

Tennis elbow from sharp, quick twists of the wrist.

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False

answer

The three bones in the fingers are very strong and do not break easily.

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False

answer

The hip joint is easily dislocated.

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True

answer

Considerable force is required to break the femur.

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True

answer

A strain is actually a tear in the muscle.

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False

answer

Knee injuries are not serious.

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False

answer

Shin splints are a pain that runs down the back of the leg,.

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True

answer

Most ankle injuries are not fractures.

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Review of Ch. 16:

answer

* Until medical care is available, stabilize the injury by splinting the extremity in the position found. * A splint is any device used to stabilize a fracture or dislocation. * When in doubt, apply a splint. * A sling is any bandage or material that helps support the weight of an injured area.

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rule of thirds

answer

a system that divides each long bone into thirds to determine which section(s) of an injured bone should be splinted

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sling

answer

a triangular bandage applied around the neck to support an injured upper extremity; any material long enough to suspend an upper extremity by passing the material around the neck; used to support and protect an injury of the arm, shoulder, or clavicle.

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splint

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any support used to stabilize a fracture or to restrict movement of a part

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stabilize

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to minimize further injury by holding a body part to prevent movement

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swathe

answer

a cravat tied around the body to decrease movement of a part

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True

answer

All fractures are complicated to some degree by damage to the soft tissue and structures surrounding the bone

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False

answer

A rigid splint should never be used on an extremity .

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True

answer

All fractures and dislocations should be stabilized before the person is moved

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True

answer

Always check the CSM in the extremity.

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False

answer

Shoulder injuries can involve the clavicle, the scapula, and the tibia

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True

answer

An elbow must be stabilized in the position in which it is found.

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False

answer

Always straighten an injured knee before splinting it.

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False

answer

First aid providers should always use traction splints on leg fractures.

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True

answer

Buddy taping is when you tape two fingers together with gauze separating the fingers.

question

True

answer

You can make a temporary sling by pinning a shirt or coat sleeve to the front of the coat or shirt.

First Aid & CPR CH. 13, – Flashcards

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