question

Kevin did not know whether the locker room was located down the short hallway to his right or down the long hallway to his left. Crossing his fingers, he decided to try the short hallway. His problem-strategy best illustrates A. confirmation bias B. the framing effect C. trial and error

answer

trial and error

question

Unlike the use of algorithms or heuristics, insight does not involve A. the g factor B. cognition C. strategy-based solutions

answer

strategy-based solutions

question

Insurance salespeople encourage people to imagine their homes being destroyed by rain from a hurricane. This helps them to sell large homeowners' policies. They are most clearly making use of A.belief perseverance B.overconfidence C. the availability heruistic

answer

the availability heuristic

question

We fear too little those events that will claim lives A. accidentally B. undramatically C. in the near future

answer

undramatically

question

When Larina started college, she was certain that she would never smoke marijuana. By the end of her freshman year, however, Larina had used this drug several times. Larina's experience best illustrates A. the availability heuristic B. confirmation bias C. overconfidence

answer

overconfidence

question

Consumers respond more positively to hamburger advertised as "75 percent lean" than to ground beef described as "25 percent fat." This illustrates that consumer reactions are influenced by A. confirmation bias B. the availability heuristic C. framing

answer

framing

question

In contrast to our explicit conscious reasoning, our seemingly effortless and automatic feelings or thoughts are called A. fixations B. aptitudes C. intuitions

answer

intuitions

question

Using barely recognizable syllables to communicate meaning best illustrates a 12-month-old's developing capacity for A. syntax B. telegraphic speech C. productive language

answer

productive language

question

Noam Chomksy suggested that all human languages share a(n) A. universal grammar B. neural network C. outcome simulation

answer

universal grammar

question

Introductory psychology students performed best on a midterm psychology test if they had previously spent five minutes a day visualizing themselves studying effectively. This is referred to as A. belief perseverance B. process simulation C. visual imagery

answer

process simulation

question

Which of the following may have contributed to the conclusion that ape sign language matches the human use of complex grammar? A. factor analysis B. perceptual set C. stereotype threat

answer

perceptual set

question

Twenty-five-year-old Maya is mentally limited and can neither read nor write. However, after hearing complex musical selections just once, she can reproduce them precisely on the piano. It is likely that Maya is A. demonstrating a high level of emotional intelligence B. above average in her capacity for creative thinking C. someone with savant syndrome

answer

someone with savant syndrome

question

Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important part of A. creativity B. predictive validity C. savant syndrome

answer

creativity

question

Tests designed to predict ability to learn new skills are called A. reliable measures B. standardized assessments C. aptitude tests

answer

aptitude tests

question

Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at the same level as an average 4-year-old. Wilbur's mental age is A. 4 B. 5 C. 80

answer

4

question

Chan was told that he correctly answered 80 percent of the items on a math achievement test. He then asked how his performance compared with that of the average test taker. Brandon's concern was directly related to the issue of A. standardization B. validity C. reliability

answer

standardization

question

A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of reliability and a________ level of validity. A. low; low B. low; high C. high; low

answer

high; low

question

The heritability of intelligence refers to A. the extent to which an individual's intelligence can be attributed to genetic factors B. the portion of variation in intelligence within a group that can attribute to genetic factors C. the extent to which a group's intelligence can be attributed to genetic factors

answer

the portion of variation in intelligence within a group that we can attribute to genetic factors

question

Girls are most likely to outperform boys in a A. verbal memory test B. mathematical reasoning test C. computer programming contest

answer

verbal memory test

question

When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are more likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test A. is a measure of emotional intelligence as well as academic intelligence B. assesses their interests as well as their abilities C. is biased against members of their own ethnic group

answer

is biased against members of their own ethnic group

question

On some college football teams, players are rewarded for outstanding performance with a gold star on their helmets. This practice best illustrates the use of A. set points B. drives C. incentives

answer

incentives

question

On the basis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, we would be LEAST likely to predict that a A. teacher with high self-esteem might seek a career change to use his or her abilities more fully B.successful business executive might show greater concern for his or her family relationships than for becoming president of his or her corporation C. prisoner might choose to die rather than betray his or her country

answer

prisoner might choose to die rather than betray his or her country

question

Activity in one center of the ________ depresses hunger. A. stomach B. hypothalamus C. hippocampus

answer

hypthalamus

question

When your weight rises above your set point, you are likely to experience a(n) A. decrease in both hunger and basal metabolic rate B. increase in hunger and a decrease in basal metabolic rate C. decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate

answer

decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate

question

Adolescent girls most vulnerable to eating disorders are those who are ________ likely to idealize thinness and are ________ likely to be dissatisfied with their bodies. A. most; least B. least; most C. most; most

answer

most; most

question

When people's images on a video monitor are widened to make them look fatter, observers perceive them as A. more sincere and less friendly B. less sincere and less friendly C. less sincere and more frendly

answer

less sincere and less friendly

question

Evidence that obesity is influenced by factors in addition to genetics includes the fact that A. people lose a pound of weight for ever reduction of 3500 calories in their diet B. the weights of adopted people are highly correlated with the weights of their adoptive parents C. people who live in areas that require a lot of walking tend to weigh less

answer

people who live in areas that require a lot of walking tend to weigh less

question

Foolish conformity to peer pressure is most likely to be motivated by ________ needs. A. safety B. belongingness C. self-trascendence

answer

belongingness

question

Those who engage in excess Internet socializing during work hours should be reminded that electronic message alerts, Facebook postings, and Internet pop-ups hijack A.catharsis B.attention C.narcissism

answer

attention

question

According to the ________, you would be able to experience emotion even without sympathetic nervous system arousal. A. Cannon-Bard theory B. James-Lange theory C.two-factor theory

answer

Cannon-Bard theory

question

Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty while he was taking a difficult test, Harley concluded that he was "anxious." Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty when an attractive lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was "falling in love." The differing emotions experienced by Harley can best be explained by the A. drive-reduction theory B. James-Lange theory C. two-factor theory

answer

two-factor theory

question

When her son fails to arrive home as expected, Elena fears he has been in an accident. Both her heart and respiration rate remain elevated until she sees him come safely through the door. Her body soon returns to normal due to the action of her ________ nervous system. A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic C. central

answer

parasympathetic

question

Boyd, a suspect in a criminal investigation, has agreed to take a lie detector test. The machine used in this test is most likely to measure his A. pupil dilation B. hormone secretions C. perspiration levels

answer

perspiration levels

question

The spillover effect is best explained in terms of A. the catharsis hypothesis B. the adaptation-level phenomenon C. the two-factor theory

answer

the two-factor theory

question

If a gender-neutral face is made to look angry, most people perceive it as ________. If asked to imagine an angry face, most identify it as A. male; female B. female; male C. male; male

answer

male; male

question

Repeatedly saying the word "me" puts people in a better mood than repeatedly saying "you." This best illustrates the A. feel-good, do-good phenomenon B. adaptation-level phenomenon C. facial feedback effect

answer

facial feedback effect

question

According to the catharsis hypothesis, retaliating against someone who provokes us can calm us down because retaliation A. relives aggressive urges B. reduces the spillover effect C. promotes anorexia nervosa

answer

relives aggressive urges

question

People who become blind eventually experience ________ levels of day-to-day happiness. Those who become paralyzed eventually experience ________ levels of day-to-day happiness. A. below-normal; above-normal B. above-normal; above-normal C. near-normal; near-normal

answer

near-normal; near-normal

question

Relative deprivation refers to the tendency for our personal happiness to be heavily influenced by A. previous experiences B. physiological arousal C. others' success

answer

others' success

question

One way to improve your sense of well-being is to A. participate in regular aerobic exercise B. overestimate how much you can accomplish C. behave in all of these ways

answer

participate in regular aerobic exercise

question

In surveys taken in the three weeks after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, two-thirds of Americans reported A. sleeping difficulties B. coronary hear disease C. stomach ulcers

answer

sleeping difficulties

question

In a stressful situation, feelings of pain are dulled by A. an external locus of control B. carcinogens C. the sympathetic nervous system

answer

the sympathetic nervous system

question

A stress-moderating hormone released by cuddling and associated with pair-bonding is known as A. acetylcholine B. norepinephrine C. oxytocin

answer

oxytocin

question

Lymphocytes are A. harmful agents such as viruses and bacteria B. cancer cells that form in the lymph glands C. white blood cells that are part of body's immune system

answer

white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system

question

Immune system cells that pursue and destroy diseased body cells are called A. oxytocin cells B. carcinogens C. NK cells

answer

NK cells

question

AIDS is caused by A. stress B. lymphocytes C. a viral infection

answer

a viral infection

question

Stress is most likely to speed the progression from HIV to AIDS by A. stimulating the release of serotonin B. accelerating the production of NK cells C. suppressing immune activity

answer

suppressing immune activity

question

The risk of coronary heart disease is increased by A. the type B personality B. high blood pressure C. an internal locus of control

answer

high blood pressure

question

In their classic nine-year study, Friedman and Rosenman reported that, compared with Type A men, Type B men were A. less susceptible to stomach ulcers B. more susceptible to heart attacks C. less susceptible to heart attacks

answer

less susceptible to heart attacks

question

Bernard is an ambitious, highly competitive corporation lawyer who recently had a heart attack. He tends to be impatient and a perfectionist, and he gets angry over little things. Research suggests that Bernard's susceptibility to heart attacks may be most A. ambition B. anger C. perfectionism

answer

anger

question

The passive resignation that accompanies an inability to avoid repeated aversive events is called A. emotion-focused coping B. the general adaptation syndrome C. learned helplessness

answer

learned helplessness

question

In one famous study, 93 percent of nursing home patients became happier and more alert when encouraged to exert A. personal control B. the ABC program C. oxytocin injections

answer

personal control

question

Rosana believes that she will succeed in business if she works hard and carefully manages her time. Her belief most clearly illustrates A. the faith factor B. emotion-focused coping C. an internal locus of control

answer

an internal locus of control

question

Compared to those with an external locus of control, people who perceive an internal locus of control are more likely to A. be shy personalities B. conform to social pressure C. cope effectively with stress

answer

cope effectively with stress

question

In the long run, people who practice self-regulation through physical exercise and study experience an increase in A. Type A personality traits B. oxytocin levels C. self-control

answer

self-control

question

Haeji is stressed out because she thinks she's unable to make friends with her new classmates. Haeji best illustrates the crippling effects of A. problem-focused coping B. personal control C. pessimism

answer

pessimism

question

Some sexually active undergraduate women do not consistently use contraceptives because they see themselves as less vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy than most other undergraduate women. This best illustrates A. emotion-focused coping B. the type A personality C. unrealistic optimism

answer

unrealistic optimism

question

Compared with the unmarried, people in low-conflict marriages are more likely to A. live longer B. engage in stress appraisal C. experience elevated blood sugar

answer

live longer

question

Aviad, a 50-year-old banking executive with Type A personality, recently suffered a heart attack. To prevent another heart attack Aviad would probably benefit most from A. early retirement B. relaxation training C. pain control medication

answer

relaxation training

question

Psychologists define stress as A. the experience of realistic anxiety B. a process by which we appraise and respond to threatening or challenging events C. an attempt to reach some important goal

answer

a process by which we appraise and respond to threatening or challenging events

question

Reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of A. defense mechanisms B. the spotlight effect C. free association

answer

free association

question

Freud emphasized that the id operates on the ________ principle. A.collectivism B. identity C. pleasure

answer

pleasure

question

Freud referred to the largely conscious "executive" part of the personality as the A. superego B. ego C. Oedipus complex

answer

ego

question

Gender identity refers to A. our biological sex B. the sense of being male or female C. the set socially expected behaviors for males and females

answer

the sense of being male or female

question

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are used by the A. id to defend against the accusations and guilt feelings produced by the superego B. ego to prevent threatening impulses from being consciously recognized C. superego to prevent expression of sexual and aggressive drives

answer

ego to prevent threatening impulses from being consciously recognized

question

Parents who disguise hostility toward their children by becoming overly protective of them are very likely using the defense mechanism of A. regression B. rationalization C. reaction formation

answer

reaction formation

question

Children who release unexpressed anger toward their parents by kicking the family pet illustrate the defense mechanism of A. projection B. displacement C. regression

answer

displacement

question

Projective tests are most closely associated with the ________ perspective. A. social-cognitive B. psychoanalytic C. humanistic

answer

psychoanalytic

question

Freud thought that stories of childhood sexual abuse reported by his adult female patients reflected their A. self-transcendence B. inferiority complexes C. childhood sexual wishes

answer

childhood sexual wishes

question

Freud's theory of personality has been criticized because it A. underestimates the importance of biological contributions to personality development B. relies too much on observations resulting from Freud's use of projective test C. offers few testable predictions to verify or regect

answer

offers few testable predictions of verify or reject

question

Which theorist emphasized that an individual's personal growth is promoted by interactions with others who are genuine, accepting, and empathic? A. Hans Eysenck B. Carl Rogers C. Sigmund Freud

answer

Carl Rogers

question

A characteristic pattern of behavior or tendency to act and feel in a certain way is called a A. fixation B. projection C. trait

answer

trait

question

The Eysencks believed that extraversion and emotionality are A. psychosexual stages B. reciprocal determinants C. genetically influenced

answer

genetically influenced

question

A person who is careless and disorganized most clearly ranks low on the Big Five trait dimension of A. extraversion B. openness C. conscientiousness

answer

conscientiousness

question

The humanistic perspective is to Maslow as the social-cognitive perspective is to A. Carl Rogers B. Alfred Adler C. Albert Bandura

answer

Albert Bandura

question

The stability of personality traits is best illustrated by the consistency of A. the false consensus effect B. reciprocal determinism C. expressive styles

answer

expressive styles

question

Overestimating the extent to which others notice and evaluate our appearance and performance is called A. displacement B. self-serving bias C. the spotlight effect

answer

the spotlight effect

question

People who are challenged by physical disabilities are likely to maintain normal levels of self-esteem by A. displacing their feelings of resentment B. developing a hierarchy of needs C. comparing themselves with others who are similarly disabled

answer

comparing themselves with others who are similarly disabled

question

The independent self is most closely associated with a culture that values A. projections B. individualism C. the spotlight effect

answer

individualism

question

Religious and ethnic diversity are most likely to be appreciated in a culture that values A. free association B. individualism C. reciprocal determinism

answer

individualism

question

The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ________ and to overestimate the impact of ________ in explaining the behavior of others. A.social loafing; social facilitation B. personal traits; situational influences C. situational influences; personal traits

answer

situational influences; personal traits

question

Observing yourself on a videotape is most likely to increase your tendency to attribute your behavior to A. social norms B. role-playing C. personality traits

answer

personality traits

question

The impact of our actions on our attitudes is best illustrated by the A. fundamental attribution error B. foot-in-the-door phenomenon C. mere exposure effect

answer

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

question

Which theory best explains why our actions can lead us to modify our attitudes? A. scapegoat theory B. cognitive dissonance theory C. frustration-aggression theory

answer

cognitive dissonance theory

question

Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it is not. Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if A. he has publicly voiced his opinion on the issue B. there is obvious disagreement among team players regarding the issue C. he feels insecure in role as new member of the team

answer

he feels insecure in his role as a new member of the team

question

In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when A. they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong B. their victims are distant and depersonalized C. they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures

answer

they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures

question

The presence of others does not always lead to social facilitation because A. an increasing familiarity with novel stimuli facilitates liking B. the loss of self-restrain often accompanies arousal and anonymity C. arousal inhibits the correct performance of difficult tasks

answer

arousal inhibits the correct performance of difficult tasks

question

When female students were dressed in Ku Klux Klan-style hoods, they delivered twice as much electric shock to a victim. This finding is best explained in terms of A. social facilitation B. groupthink C. deindividuation

answer

deindividuation

question

The ill-fated decision of President John F. Kennedy and his advisors to invade Cuba best illustrates the dangers of A. the bystander effect B. the mere exposure effect C. groupthink

answer

groupthink

question

A store owner charges Black customers more than Hispanic customers for the very same merchandise. The owner is most clearly engaging in A. stereotyping B. group polarization C. discrimination

answer

discrimination

question

People who blame victims of cancer for their medical misfortune best illustrate A. social facilitation B. the mere exposure effect C. the just-world phenomenon

answer

the just-world phenomenon

question

Montel, a White student, is on academic probation for poor grades. Ever since he received notice of his probation, Montel has become increasingly hostile toward racial minority students and staff on campus. His increasing hostility can best be explained in terms of A. the chameleon effect B. the just-world phenomenon C. the scapegoat theory

answer

the scapegoat theory

question

The fact that human aggression varies widely from culture to culture most strongly suggests that it is NOT A. a reaction to frustration B. influenced by social norms C. an unlearned instinct

answer

an unlearned instinct

question

Social rejection has been observed to intensify A. self-disclosure B. aggression C. situational attributions

answer

aggression

question

In contrast to watching violence on television, participating in violent video games involves A. acquiring social scripts B. role-playing aggression C. desensitization to violence

answer

role-playing aggression

question

The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people A. become more extreme to their opinions following group discussion B. perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others C. experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar

answer

experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar

question

Women are attracted to healthy-looking men, but especially to those who seem to be A. submissive B. insecure C. mature

answer

mature

question

Sharing household chores ranks high on a list of things people associate with successful marriages. This best illustrates the perceived value of A. equity B. proximity C. passionate love

answer

equity

question

The odds of our helping someone are higher when we are in a ________ town and we are feeling ________. A. large; quilty B. large; frustrated C. small; quilty

answer

small; quilty

question

Initially prejudiced heterosexuals are likely to develop more accepting attitudes toward gay people following the experience of A. social facilitation B. mirror-image perceptions C. face-to-face contact

answer

face-to-face contact

question

The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system take in stimulus energies from our environment is called A. kinesthesis B. interposition C. sensation

answer

sensation

question

During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that Mr. Antall could not detect them. These sounds were below Mr. Antall's A. perceptual set B. absolute threshold C. vestibular sense

answer

absolute threshold

question

Experiments evaluating the impact of subliminal self-help tapes indicated that they A. interfered with people's capacity for sensory adaptation B. did not help more than a placebo C. improved people's capacity for parallel processing

answer

did not help more than a placebo

question

The constant quivering movements of our eyes enable us to A. adjust the size of the pupil B. minimize sensory adaptation C. do all of these things

answer

minimize sensory adaptation

question

The horizon Moon appears to shrink in size if it is viewed through a narrow tube that eliminates the perception of distance cues. This best illustrates the importance of A. perceptual adaptation B. psychokinesis C. context effects

answer

context effects

question

When looking at the hands of a clock showing 8 o'clock, certain brain cells in the visual cortex are more responsive than when the hands show 10 o'clock. This illustrates A. sensory interaction B. feature detection C. perceptual adaptation

answer

feature detection

question

As the airplane descended for a landing, the pilot saw several beautiful islands that appeared to float in a vast expanse of blue ocean water. In this instance, the ocean is a A. figure B. binocular cue C. ground

answer

ground

question

Although a few keys on the piano were broken, Shana mentally filled in the missing notes of the familiar melodies. This best illustrates the principle of A. proximity B. closure C. transduction

answer

closure

question

If you stared at a house as you walked down a street, the trees in front of the house would appear to be moving A. in the same direction as you, and the trees behind the house would appear to be moving in the opposite direction as you. B. in the same direction as you, and the trees behind the house would appear to be moving in the same direction as you C. in the opposite direction as you, and the trees behind the house would appear to be moving in the same direction as you

answer

in the opposite direction as you, and the trees behind the house would appear to be moving in the same direction as you

question

Color constancy refers to the fact that A. light waves reflected by object remain constant despite changes in lighting B. objects are perceived to be the same color even if the light they reflect changes C. the perceived color of an object has a constant relation to its brightness

answer

objects are perceived to be the same color even if the light they reflect changes

question

When the Moon is near the horizon, it appears larger than when it is high in the sky. This effect is primarily a result of A. the slightly dimmer appearance of the horizon Moon B. distance cues, which make the horizon Moon seem farther away C. the brighter appearance of the horizon Moon

answer

distance cues, which make the horizon Moon seem farther away

question

Rebecca was born with cataracts that were not surgically removed until she was 3 years old. As a result, Rebecca is most likely to A. have lost visual receptor cells in her eyes B. be unable to perceive figure-ground relationships C. have inadequate cortical cell connections

answer

have inadequate cortical cell connections

question

The high notes on a piano always produce ________ sound waves than the low notes. A. higher-amplitude B. lower-amplitude C. higher-frequency

answer

higher-frequency

question

As a rock musician who has spent too many hours listening to loud music, Rodney is beginning to lose his hearing. It is most likely that this hearing loss results from damage to A. the auditory canal B. hair cells C. ganglion cells

answer

hair cells

question

The rubber hand illusion best illustrates the impact of ________ on touch sensations. A. Weber's law B. expectations C. binocular cues

answer

expectations

question

Research on susceptibility to hypnosis indicates that A. very few people can actually be hypnotized B. people who are highly responsive to hypnotic induction are especially imaginative C. how well a person responds to hypnotic suggestion depends primarily on the skill and experience of the hypnotist

answer

people who are highly responsive to hypnotic induction are especially imaginative

question

Sense perception cells that project antennalike hairs are located within A. feature detectors B. phantom limbs C. taste buds

answer

taste buds

question

Which of the following would play a role in quickly alerting you to a gas leak in your home? A. bipolar cells B. olfactory receptors C. feature detectors

answer

olfactory receptors

question

Sensory receptors in your vestibular sacs enable you to maintain your sense of A. smell B. touch C. balance

answer

balance

question

Normal visual sensation accompanied by incomplete visual perception is best illustrated by A. sensory interaction B. kinesthesis C. prosopagnosia

answer

prosopagnosia

question

Which of the following therapists would most likely try to understand an adult's psychological disorder by exploring that person's childhood experiences? A. psychoanalyst B. a behavior therapist C. a humanistic therapist

answer

psychoanalyst

question

Nadia has begun to buy small gifts for her therapist, and she is jealous of the time he spends with his other patients. To a psychoanalyst, this indicates A. unconditional positive regard B. the placebo effect C. transference

answer

transference

question

Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to A. adapt more readily to social norms and expectations B. imitate the behavior of others who are happy and successful C. take more responsibility of their own feelings and actions

answer

take more responsibility of their own feelings and actions

question

Murli tells his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me." The therapist responds, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response illustrates the technique of A. transference B. free association C. active listening

answer

active listening

question

A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called A. transference B. couterconditioning C. rTMS

answer

counterconditioning

question

Systematic desensitization involves A. associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences B. replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response C. associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli

answer

associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli

question

In which form of therapy is unwanted behavior associated with unpleasant feelings? A. systematic desensitization B. cognitive therapy C. aversive conditioning

answer

aversive conditioning

question

Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is central to therapies involving A. classical conditioning B. psychoanalysis C. operant conditioning

answer

operant conditioning

question

Cognitive therapists would be most likely to encourage depressed clients to A. carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression B. stop blaming themselves for negative events beyond their control C. identify a hiearchy of anxiety-arousing experiences

answer

stop blaming themselves for negative events beyond their control

question

Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for A. eliminating clients' anxiety during the therapeutic process B. enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own C. encouraging severely disturbed individuals to quickly regain normal social functioning

answer

enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own

question

The best outcome studies for evaluating the effectiveness of psychotherapy typically use A. virtual reality B. token economies C. randomized clinical trials

answer

randomized clinical trials

question

A common ingredient underlying the success of different psychotherapies is the A. escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy B. length of time the clients spends in psychotherapy C. client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better

answer

client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better

question

Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of depression, and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a A. clinical social worker B. cognitive therapist C. psychiatrist

answer

psychiatrist

question

Hallucinations are an occasional side effect of A. L-dopa B. Prozac C. lithium

answer

L-dopa

question

After Angela stopped using an antianxiety drug, she felt increasingly anxious and had difficulty sleeping. Angela was experiencing symptoms of A. withdrawal B. transference C. tardive dyskinesia

answer

withdrawal

question

Cognitive-behavioral therapy works, top-down, by changing thought processes. Antidepressant drugs work, bottom-up, on the emotion-forming A. brainstem B. cerebellum C. limbic system

answer

limbic system

question

Deep stimulation has been reported to provide relief from A. phobias B. schizophrenia C. depression

answer

depression

question

During the 1940s and 1950s, lobotomies were most likely to be performed on psychologically disordered patients who were A. uncontrollably violent B. hopelessly depressed C. notably overweight

answer

uncontrollably violent

question

Positive psychological changes that result from struggling with challenging life crises demonstrate A. systematic desensitization B. psychological dependence C. post-traumatic growth

answer

post-traumatic growth

question

Professor Bensfield emphasizes that recovery from bipolar disorder involves a continuous interplay among patients' physical reactions to mood-stabilizing drugs, their expectation that their lives will improve, and the support of their families and friends. The professor's emphasis best illustrates a(n) ________ approach to therapy. A. psychodynamic B. client-centered C. biopsychosocial

answer

biosychosocial

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