Figurative Language Terms and Satire Techniques – Flashcards
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Alliteration
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repeated initial consonant sounds
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Alliteration
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sweet smell of success; around the rock the rascal ran
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Allusion
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cross reference to another work of art, famous person, mythology, biblical
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Allusion
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Cupid's arrow
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Anadiplosis
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figure of repetition that occurs when the last word or terms in one sentence, clause, or phrase is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of the next sentence, clause, or phrase
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Anadiplosis
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The general who became a slave; the slave who became a gladiator; the gladiator who defied an Emporor
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Anaphora
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repetition of the initial word(s) over successive phrases or clauses
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Anaphora
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...it takes a family; it takes teachers; it takes clery; it takes business people; it takes community leaders...
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Apostrophe
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talking to a dead or nonhuman, addressing as if it were alive and present
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Apostrophe
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Desk, move out if the way!
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Assonance
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repeated vowel sounds
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Assonance
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The June moon loomed over the horizon. The cat sat on a mat.
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Assyndeton
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a string of words not separated by normally occuring conjunctions (no "and")
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Assyndeton
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We use words like honor, code, loyalty.
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En media res
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narrative technique in which the story starts at the midpoint; to start in the middle of the story (to make a lead more interesting, flashbacks)
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En media res
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I turned, my face beet red. It was the most embarrassing moment of my life.
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Epanalepsis
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beginning and ending a phrase or clause with the same word or words
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Epanalepsis
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Tonight. The night of graduation. Tonight.
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Euphamism
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to change hurtful words to make it not as offensive
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Euphamism
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die vs. to pass away full figured vs. fat
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Epic
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a long narretive poem on a serious subject presented in an elevated or formal style; poetic, formal, a poem with adventure and serious subjects; larger than life
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Epic
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The Odyssey
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Epic Simile/Homeric Simile
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a very long elaborated simile developed in a lengthy passage
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Epic Simile/Homeric Simile
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She was pretty, as pretty as a rose, a rose...
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Epithet
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brief phrase that points out traits associated with a particular character; another way of describing something
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Epithet
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Dog = Man's best friend
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Foreshadowing
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a sentence or phrase that gives hints on the future
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Foreshadowing
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Of Mice and Men Annie dropped the glass vase, but didn't clean it up.
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Hubris
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Greek - pride; pverbearing amount of pride
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Hubris
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Hitler A Team vs. C Team
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Hyperbole
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extreme exaggeration
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Hyperbole
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My mom is going to kill me. I told you a thousand times!
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Invocation
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an appeal to a god or goddess for imspiration
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Invocation
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praying - asking for guidence (courage, faith)
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Irony
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descrepancy between expectation and reality Situational - opposite happends Dramatic - audience can see, characters can't Verbal - said to be opposite; pun, sarcasm
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Irony
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Suzie loudly burped, and Sally said, "Well that was attractive!"
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Juxtaposition
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placing two unlike objects or ideas near one another for contrast
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Juxtaposition
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war, tragedy, sorrow; faith, love, courage
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Metaphor
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direct comparision with two meanings
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Metaphor
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He's a cheetah when he's running
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Motif
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a subject, theme, or idea that comes up repeatedly in a story
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Motif
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Theme of revenge repetition of game, color, the rabbits
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Onomatopoeia
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words that sound like what they are
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Onomotopoeia
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pop, crackle, snap, pop, buzz
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Oxymoron
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contradictory word pair
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Oxymoron
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loving hate, sick health, biggest litty city, icy hot
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Paradox
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statement that seems to be a contradiction but actually reveals a truth
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Paradox
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I am nobody. War is peace. Freedom is slavery.
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Parallel Structure
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successive words, phrases, clauses with the same or very similar grammatical structure; repetition of GRAMMAR
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Parallel Structure
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...pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardshop, support any friend... **VERB any NOUN
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Personification
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giving humanlike characteristics to an inanimate object
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Personification
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The window winked. The sun smiles. The ghost knocked.
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Polysyndeton
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the deliberate and excessive use of conjunctions in successive words or clauses
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Polysyndeton
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...and morality, and loyalty, and obligation **using "ands" excessively, not commas
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Pun
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play on words
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Pun
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What kind of pants do ghosts wear? Boo jeans
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Repetition
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rhetorical strategy for producing emphasis, clarity, amplification, or emotional effect
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Repetition
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umbrella term for polysyndeton
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Rhetorical Question
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figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than to recieve an answer
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Rhetorical Question
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Are you crazy? Are you kidding? **persuasive, not open ended - leads you to a corner
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Satire
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literary technique in which ideas, behaviors, institutions, etc are ridiculed for the purpose of imporving
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Satire
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The Onion **points out flaws/errors, to benefit society
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Simile
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comparison of two things using the words "like" or "as"
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Simile
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They lived like animals
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Symbolism
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something that represents something beyond itself **physical... to a deeper meaning
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Symbolism
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flag, rabbit, pearl
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Allusion
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direct or indirect reference to something that is presumably commonly known
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Juxtaposition
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placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together, especially for comparison or contrast
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Exaggeration
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overstating something to make it look worse than it is
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Tone
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attitude of the writer toward his or her subject
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Wit/Humor
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verbal cleverness; amusing language that surprises and delights
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Sarcasm
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use of bitter, caustic language to hurt/ridicule; more caustic than irony
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Caricature
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a representation, especially pictoral or literary, in which the subject's distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect (synonym: burlesque)
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Parody
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humorous imitation of serious works (Weird Al Yankovich, SNL)
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Double entendre
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phrase that can be understood in either of two ways
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Zeugma
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one word modifies two or more words with different senses ("You held your breath and the door for me" Alanis Morissette)
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Situational Irony
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what actually occurs is the opposite of what was expected
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Dramatic Irony
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reader knows something that the characters do not
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Socratic Irony
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presenting a willingness to learn for the sake of exposing an opponents errors
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Verbal Irony
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contrast between what is said and what is meant
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Understatement
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contains a statement of less strength than would be expected ("soggy flood"); makes situation seem less important
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Antithesis
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juxtaposition in one line of opposing ideas
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Hyperbole
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extreme exaggeration
