Facts for an earthquake essay – Flashcards
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hazard
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Is a potentially samaging physical event that may cause loss if life, property damage, social and economic disruption and environmental degradation
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Earthquake
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Short, sudden, intense shaking of the earth's surface from a build up of tension/ pressure in the rock being released
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Ways buildings can be made earthquake resistant
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Soft story designed to collapse Buildings with steel frames Seismic isolation- buildings supported by bearings that slide left and right to isolate buildings from ground tremors to minimise shaking
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Japan GDP per capita
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$38 633
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Haiti GDP per capita
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$819
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Date of Haitian earthquake
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12th January 2010
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Measurement of Haitian earthquake on the richter scale
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7
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Percentage of Haiti's buildings collapsed
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50
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How many lives lost in 2010 Haitian earthquake
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250 000
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Magnitude of Sendai earthquake on the Richter scale
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9 (100 times stronger than Haiti's)
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Deaths of Sendai earthquake
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25 000
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How many homeless sendai
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1/2 million
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What was the aim of Japan's 1981 earthquake resistance standards act
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To ensure all new builds withstand earthquakes up to 7 on Richter scale
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Year Fukushima nuclear power plant built
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1971
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How many people moved out of the 20km exclusion zone of Fukushima
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70 000
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Vulnerability
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The susceptibility of a loss caused by a hazard impact
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Why are people in Haiti vulnerable
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Not covered by insurance so if they lose their house they'll become homeless
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Number of people dead from Haiti cholera outbreak
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7000
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Liquefaction
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When soils with high water content lose their mechanical strength when shaken and act like fluid
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Ways that earthquakes could be predicted (though near enough impossible to pinpoint exact time)
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Seismometers Radon gas emissions Primary waves picked up which aren't as strong as secondary waves- people can be warned but not much time
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Ways people can be prepared
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Educated, earthquake drills, first aid kits
