Evolution of Plants and Fungi (Chapter 16) – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are called
answer
mycorrhizae
question
the_____ helps plants retain water
answer
cuticle
question
______ a chemical that hardens cell walls and supports terrestrial plants, is found in all plants EXCEPT______
answer
Lignin, Bryophytes
question
Would you expect desert plants to have a thin or thick cuticle?
answer
thick because desert plants need to retain water in this dry environment.
question
which time frames best describe when plants forst moved onto land?
answer
at least 1 billion years after eukaryotic cells evolved
question
which of the following corectly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups?
answer
Bryophytes ferns gymnosperms angiosperms
question
Which of the following lack vascular tissue
answer
mosses
question
In ______ the gametophyte is more obvious that the sporophyte.
answer
mosses
question
Gametophytes are ____: Sporophytes are_____
answer
haploid, diploid
question
Gametophytes reproduce
answer
by producing sperm and eggs via mitosis
question
____ are seedless vascular plants.
answer
Ferns
question
Much of the coal we use today came from _____ that lived during the carboniferous.
answer
Ferns
question
if you want to propagate ferns, what do you need to collect from existing ferns?
answer
haploid spores
question
What is an evolutionary reason why individual ferns may produce millions of spores?
answer
spores can germinate only in the right environmental conditions, so producing many spores increases the chances that at least one will end up in an area of those conditions.
question
what global climatic change gave gymnosperms an advantage over ferns?
answer
the climate becoming cooler and drier
question
which of these adaptations to a terrestrial existence evolved most recently?
answer
seeds
question
A pollen grain is a
answer
male gametophyte
question
______ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs.
answer
Gymnosperms
question
why are gymnosperms considered to be "naked seed" plants?
answer
their seeds are not enclosed within ovaries seed coats or fruits.
question
In angiosperms, the __________ is a nutrient storing tissue that nourishes a developing embryo
answer
endosperm
question
in angiosperms, the male portion of the flower is
answer
stamen
question
which of the following is a component of the female structure of a flowering plant?
answer
stigma
question
which structure of a flower traps pollen
answer
stigma
question
Gymnosperms and angiosperms share multiple similarities. which of the following is not a shared feature of angiosperms and gymnosperms?
answer
both produce flowers
question
in angiosperms, what structures house female gaetophytes?
answer
ovules
question
the edible portion of a ______ is a ripened ovary which is also called a fruit.
answer
Cucumber
question
from the point of view of an angiosperm, what is the function of fruit?
answer
it is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds.
question
which of the following statements about pollination and fertilization is CORRECT?
answer
pollination is not the same as fertilization, and pollination does not guarantee fertilization will occur.
question
nearly all food plants are
answer
angiosperms
question
exploring in the tropics you discover a nonvascular plant that produces pollen. what type of plant have you discovered?
answer
an entirely new type that you will get to name
question
nutritionally, all fungi are
answer
heterotrophs that acquire their nutrients by absorption.
question
what are hyphae
answer
threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies.
question
like plants, fungi have_____, however in plants, they are composed of _____, whereas in fungi they are composed of _____.
answer
cell walls; cellulose; chitin.
question
the function of a mushroom is to
answer
produce spores
question
what important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?
answer
they decompose organic material
question
which of the following should not be considered an example of biocontrol?
answer
the application of herbicides that kill weeds harboring pest populations.
question
corn smut is a fungus that grows in the ears of corn and changes corn kernels into black , powdery balls of fungus tissue. what would you hypothesize is the significance of the relationship between corn smut and corn?
answer
Corn smut has a parasitic relationship with corn so that it can use the corn as a way to spread spores.
question
an organism with spore capsule(s),sporophytes and gametophytes is classified as a
answer
Bryophyte.
question
if seeds neer evolved which organisms would be missing in todays landscape?
answer
gymnosperms and angiosperms
