question

Gingivitis that is not treated may lead to?

answer

periodontitis

question

Pain and limitation of the movement of the jaw with tinnitus as a result of inflammation of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) is characteristic of?

answer

TMJ syndrome

question

Oral thrush, a fingal infection that produces sore patches in the mouth and throat, may be the result of?

answer

prolonged antibiotic therapy

question

The treatment of oral leukoplakia is?

answer

finding and correcting the source of irritation or both

question

The primary treatment of gastric cancer may include?

answer

gastric resection usually followed by chemoradiotherapy

question

Abdominal discomfort with maximum tenderness of the abdomen at McBurney's pointe, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, or constipation, are clinical signs of?

answer

appendicitis

question

Hiatal hernia can be caused by?

answer

a weakness that develops in the diaphragm

question

A fairly common chronic inflammatory disease of the alimentary canal involving all layers of the bowel, which causes chronic diarrhea, is?

answer

Crohn disease

question

"Traveler's diarrhea," a common syndrome of gastroenteritis, is usually caused by?

answer

ingestion of food or water contaminated with bacteria

question

Mechanical obstruction of the bowel can result from?

answer

neoplasm, fecal impaction, volvulus, or intussusception

question

The earliest signs of colorectal cancer are?

answer

often vague and nonspecific

question

Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is related to?

answer

use of broad spectrum antibiotics

question

Inflammation, infection, or irritation of the large serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and folds over the visceral organs is called?

answer

peritonitis

question

Cancer of the liver is?

answer

usually a secondary cancer

question

Cholelithiasis, which causes obstruction of bile ducts, causes the patient to experience?

answer

biliary colic, with radiating pain, and jaundice

question

Inflammation of the gallbladder commonly associated with gallstones is called?

answer

cholecystitis

question

A disease of the small intestine characterized by malabsorption, gluten intolerance, and damage to the lining of the intestine is called?

answer

celiac sprue

question

The disease linked to a psychologic disturbance in which hunger is denied by self-imposed starvation is?

answer

anorexia nervosa

question

The most serious complications of bulimia and anorexia nervosa include?

answer

electrolyte imbalance and cardiac irregularities

question

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true about hepatitis C?

answer

it is considered a widespread epidemic

question

The management of peptic ulcers may necessitate?

answer

rest, changes in diet, adjustments of lifestyle, and drug therapy

question

The common cold is a group of minor illnesses caused by?

answer

almost 200 viruses or from mycoplasma

question

Growths that form from distended mucous membranes protruding into the nasal cavity are called?

answer

nasal polyps

question

The common symptom of a tumor of the larynx is?

answer

dysphonia

question

Of primary importance in the diagnosis of hemoptysis is?

answer

determination of the source of the bleeding

question

Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increase the risk of?

answer

pulmonary embolism

question

The pneamonia-like disease caused by bacteria that thrive in warm aquatic environments and are inhaled from moisture droplets in air conditioning units is called?

answer

Legionella infection

question

______ is a fungal disease originating in the lungs, with the greatest occurrence in the Midwestern United States.

answer

Histoplasmorsis

question

An area of contained infectious material in the lung is known as?

answer

pulmonary abscess

question

A double fracture of three or more adjacent ribs resulting in instability in the chest wall describes a patient with?

answer

flail chest

question

Permanent, irreversible dilation or distortion of the bronchi, resulting from destruction of muscular bronchial wall, describes?

answer

bronchiectasis

question

A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in a collapsed lung, describes a condition called?

answer

pneumothorax

question

Occupational diseases that cause progressive, chronic inflammation and infection in the lungs from inhalation of inorganic dust are termed?

answer

pneumoconiosis

question

______ is a destructive disease of the aveoli and the adjacent capillary walls resulting in chronic dyspnea, cough, and the characteristic barrel chest.

answer

Emphysema

question

The Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of?

answer

infectious mononucleosis

question

Severe hypoxemia in a patient who has recently experienced trauma is called shock lung or?

answer

ARDS

question

_____ refers to obstructive diseases of the lungs, including chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, emphysema, and pneumoconiosis.

answer

COPD

question

The condition where fat-containing substances are deposited on the coronary artery lumens causing a narrowing is?

answer

coronary artery disease

question

The procedure where a catheter with a balloon is threaded into a coronary artery and expanded to compress the plaque and widen the lumen is called?

answer

angioplasty

question

The condition in which the patient experiences chest pain with exertion is?

answer

angina pectoris

question

The patient who complains of sudden onset of severe headache, blurred vision, and dyspnea may be suffering from?

answer

malignant hypertension

question

The patient who experiences gradually increasing dyspnea, anxiety, and edema of the feet and ankles may be suffering from?

answer

congestive heart failure

question

Fluid shift into the extravascular spaces of the lungs with accompanying dyspnea, coughing, and bloody, frothy sputum in indicative of?

answer

pulmonary edema

question

Acute or chronic inflammation of the sac enclosing the heart is?

answer

pericarditis

question

A systemic inflammatory disease of the joints and cardiac tissue that follows a sore throat casued by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus is?

answer

rheumatic fever

question

The patient with pale, cold, clammy skin, a rapid and weak pulse, tacypnea, and an altered level of consciousness is experiencing?

answer

shock

question

Treatment of cardiac tamponade includes?

answer

drainage of the blood in the pericardium

question

A pulsating mass that is noted midabdomen indicates?

answer

aortic aneurysm

question

A vasospastic disease of the fingers, hands, or feet resulting in pain, numbness, and sometimes discoloration is?

answer

Raynaud disease

question

The condition in which a reduction in the quanity of either red blood cells or hemoglobin exists is?

answer

anemia

question

The condition that results in painless gross swelling of an extremity is?

answer

lymphedema

question

Painless enlargement of the lymph nodes, severe itching, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, and malaise are symptoms of?

answer

Hodgkin disease

question

_____ is a hereditary bleeding disease resulting from a deficiency of clotting factors.

answer

Hemophilia

question

The patient experiencing crushing chest pain, dyspnea, diaphoresis, and anxiety usually is suffering from?

answer

myocardial infarction

question

Noninflammatory disease of the heart muscle with enlargement of the myocardium and ventricular dysfunction refers to?

answer

cardiomyopathy

question

The chronic hereditary form of anemia found predominately in the black race is called?

answer

sickle cell anemia

question

Joint and bone pain, fever, weight loss, fatigue, weakness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and enlarged lymph glands are typical symptoms of?

answer

leukemia

question

Reed-Sternberg cells in lymphatic tissue is diagnostic of?

answer

Hodgkin disease

question

Interference with the conduction system of the heart may be the source of?

answer

cardiac arrhythmias

question

Proper function of the urinary system is frequently evaluated by?

answer

urinalysis and blood tests

question

Acute glomerulonephritis usually follows?

answer

infection by Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus

question

The treatment of renal calculi might include?

answer

relief of pain, lithotripsy, surgical intervention, increased fluid intake, and diuretics

question

Glomerulosclerosis describes renal changes, which are due to a systemic endocrine disease and are typical of?

answer

diabetic neuropathy

question

Weakening of pelvic floor muscles and the urethral structure as a result of trauma, childbirth, hormonal changes of aging, obesity, or certain mdications may precipitate?

answer

stress incontinence (enuresis)

question

Dialysis filters out unwanted elements from the blood, usually removed by healthy kidneys; thus?

answer

the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained

question

Which of the following statements is true about renal cell carcinoma?

answer

risk factors may include smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals such as asbestosis and cadmium

question

Polycystic kidney disease?

answer

greatly enlarges the kidneys and leads to kidney failure

question

The cause of neurogenic bladder, a bladder control dysfunction, is?

answer

damage to the brain, spinal cord, or nerves supplying the lower urinary tract

question

Pain is usually the initial symptom of gastric cancer.

answer

False

question

The symptoms of food poisoning are due to the pathogens themselves or to the toxins they produce.

answer

True

question

Hypervitaminosis is toxicity from any vitamin but especially the fat-soluble vitamins A and D.

answer

True

question

Vitamin D is considered highly toxic especially in infants and children.

answer

True

question

There is no genetic component to fatness and the regional distribution of fat.

answer

False

question

The most common bloodborne infection in the United States is hepatitis A.

answer

False

question

Colorectal cancer is the third most common site of cancer incidence and death in men and women.

answer

True

question

Barrett's esophagus is a severe consequence of GERD.

answer

True

question

Health care workers exposed to body fluids are a risk of hepatitis B.

answer

True

question

Cancer of the pancreas is twice as common in men as women and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States.

answer

True

question

Pontiac fever is a milder form of Legionellosis; both forms are not contagious.

answer

True

question

Target groups for influenza immunization include persons aged 65 and older, patients with chronic disease, health care providers, and other high-risk persons.

answer

True

question

Prophylactic use of vaccines against influenza is effective in reducing the occurrence of the disease, especially in older and infirm adults.

answer

True

question

A history of smoking is listed as an etiologic factor in bronchitis, bronchiectasis, emphysema, and lung cancer.

answer

True

question

In most cases the prognosis of lung cancer is good because people seek medical attention before metastasis occurs.

answer

False

question

Asbestosis, anthracosis, and silicisis are considered occupational diseases.

answer

True

question

Common colds impart immunity and respond to antibiotic therapy.

answer

False

question

Allergic rhinitis and allergic sinusitis can lead to inflammation of the mucosa of the sinuses and resulting sinusitis.

answer

True

question

Early detection of lung cancer has been proven to improve survival.

answer

False

question

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide for both men and women.

answer

True

question

Hemothorax is life threatening and requires emergency care.

answer

True

question

The human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic have contributed to an increase of tuberculosis in the United States.

answer

True

question

Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, thus no known prevention exists.

answer

False

question

Transfusion incompatibility reactions are always fatal.

answer

False

question

Patients with coronary heart disease always experience pain.

answer

False

question

The cause of essential hypertension is unknown.

answer

True

question

Mitral stenosis usually is the result of rheumatic heart disease.

answer

True

question

Patients with mitral valve prolapse experience severe crushing chest pain and syncope.

answer

False

question

Sickle cell anemia is asymptomatic.

answer

False

question

Myocardial infarction is the death of myocardial tissue caused by ischemia.

answer

True

question

Causes of cardiac arrest include respiratory arrest, myocardial infarction, trauma, electrocution, hemorrhage, and drug overdose.

answer

True

question

Cardiomyopathy is a noninflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle.

answer

True

question

lithotripsy is a procedure used to examine the urinary tract.

answer

False

question

Catheterization may be indicated before or after surgery (or both), to relieve urinary retention, to obtain a sterile urine specimen, to irrigate the bladder, or to treat urinary incontinence.

answer

True

question

Chronic glomerulonephritis is a slowly progresive, noninfectious disease that can lead to renal failure.

answer

True

question

Acute renal failure is a clinical emergency.

answer

True

question

Pyelonephritis is the most common type of kidney disease.

answer

True

question

Symptoms of renal calculi are the same regardless of the size of the stone.

answer

True

question

Azotemia

answer

Excess urea in the blood

question

Diuretic

answer

A drug that promotes excretion of urine

question

Pyuria

answer

Pus in the urine

question

Hematuria

answer

Blood in the urine

question

Exposure to both primary and secondary smoke may take the individual more susceptible to any respiratory condition because the smoke is an irritant to the respiratory tract.

answer

True

Essentials of Human Disease Test 3 – Flashcards

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