Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology(11) Activity Lab 16 – Flashcards

What organ produces the female gametes? ovary vagina vulva uterus

In what part of the female reproductive tract does fertilization typically occur? uterine (Fallopian) tube vagina uterus ovary

What do urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, and orchiditis have in common? All of these conditions can occur in any of the life stages. All of these conditions can occur in men and women. All of these conditions can be caused by sexually transmitted infections. All of these conditions cause the formation of abnormal sperm.

Which of the following is NOT produced by meiosis? an egg, or ovum a liver cell a sperm cell All of the given choices are produced by meiosis.

When does the total number of chromosomes get reduced from 46 pairs to 23 individual chromosomes? during meiosis I during metaphase II during mitosis during interphase

Chromosomes can exchange genetic information during a process called "crossing over." This occurs when homologous chromosomes are lined up in pairs. When does this happen? anaphase II metaphase I metaphase II anaphase I

After DNA replication, each individual chromosome becomes a homologous pair. True False

Which of the following is a likely result of meiosis? four sperm, each with 46 chromosomes two eggs, each with 23 chromosomes four sperm, each with 23 chromosomes two eggs, each with 46 chromosomes

What part of the male reproductive system conducts both semen and urine? urethra ductus deferens ejaculatory duct epididymis

Which gland produces 60 percent of seminal fluid volume, including fructose and prostaglandins? seminal vesicles prostate bulbourethral glands epididymis

Where would sperm travel next after moving through the ductus deferens? urethra prostate gland ejaculatory duct seminal vesicle

What is the general function of the gonads? protect the developing fetus secrete alkaline fluids engage in sexual intercourse produce gametes and secrete sex hormones

What semen-producing glands are found on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder? prostate glands bulbourethral glands seminal vesicles epididymis

What is the function of the interstitial cells in the testes? produce FSH and LH produce gametes produce testosterone nurture developing gametes

Boris has to strain to urinate and has cystitis. Which of Boris's reproductive structures is the underlying cause of his problems? epididymis prostate testicles penile urethra

What cells in the testis secrete testosterone? seminiferous cells prostate cells interstitial cells epididymal cells

What is the name of the meiotic cell division that forms sperm? spermatogonia spermatogenesis spermatocytes spermiogenesis

What cells are the stem cells for spermatogenesis? spermatids primary spermatocytes interstitial cells spermatogonia

What is the function of the sperm cell's acrosome? stimulate maturation of sperm cells release energy to power the sperm tail move sperm into the epididymis release enzymes to help penetrate the egg cell

What hormone stimulates cells in the testes to produce testosterone? progesterone LH FSH GnRH

Tomas is sterile. An analysis of his semen indicates he has inactive sperm. Which of the following conditions might Tomas have had that caused his sperm to be inactive? urethritis orchiditis prostatitis epididymitis

Antonin has a mitochondrial disease that is affecting sperm functioning. What specific sperm function is being affected? spermatic meiosis sperm motility egg penetration spermatic mitosis

Bob was born with a tumor in his anterior pituitary. Among other problems, he did not development secondary sex characteristics and his reproductive organs did not develop normally. Bob is also sterile. The lack of which hormone is responsible for Bob's condition? GnRH FSH LH The lack of any one of these hormones or all of them could have caused Bob's symptoms.

What part of the uterus projects into the vagina? cervix fundus endometrium body

What term refers to the lining of the uterus? endothelium endometrium myometrium perimetrium

Ultimately, pelvic inflammatory disease in women is made possible because of the less-than-complete connection between the __________ and the __________. fimbriae; ovary vagina; uterus myometrium; perimetrium uterine tube; uterus

Cervical cancer is localized between what two structures? fimbriae and ovary uterine tube and uterus vagina and fundus endometrium and myometrium

What event occurs following the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge during the female monthly cycle? ovulation decline in progesterone secretion estrogen secretion menstrual flow

Which ovarian phase corresponds with the proliferative phase in the uterus? menstrual phase luteal phase secretory phase follicular phase

Relative levels of anterior pituitary gonadotropins correlate with hormonal and follicular changes of the ovary and with the uterine cycle.

The cyclic production of estrogens and progesterone by the ovaries is, in turn, regulated by the anterior pituitary gonadotropic hormones, FSH and LH. Select all true statements about female hormone interactions. The corpus luteum produces progesterone while LH is present. Estrogen stimulates LH and FSH release. The corpus luteum produces LH. The corpus luteum produces estrogen while LH is present. Progesterone stimulates LH and FSH release.

The ovarian cycle describes the monthly events of a post-pubescent ovary that causes a small number of primary follicles to grow, mature, and ovulate each month. What is the order of the events in one ovarian cycle?

The uterine cycle describes the cyclic changes of thickening and degeneration that the endometrium goes through in a month. What is the order of events in one uterine cycle?

The biggest risk factor for developing breast cancer is __________. human papillomavirus lifelong estrogen exposure gene mutations alcoholism

Which of these accomplishes fertilization? implantation acrosomal reaction morula formation genetic material of sperm and egg combined

What structure takes over the endocrine function of the corpus luteum? placenta chorion trophoblast amnion

What change occurs in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy? urine output increases significant increase in blood volume slight decrease in blood pressure (BP) slight decrease in heart rate (HR)

Which substance may cause a life-threatening birth defect? oxygen alcohol prenatal vitamins coffee

What organ delivers nutrients to the developing embryo and produces estrogen and progesterone? amnion corpus luteum placenta uterus

What occurs in the first stage of labor? The placenta detaches. The cervix dilates. The fetus turns. Braxton Hicks contractions begin.

Which of the following substances, consumed by a pregnant woman, can cause harm to her fetus? nicotine alcohol anticoagulants All of these substances consumed by a pregnant woman can cause harm to her fetus.

In what stage of labor could dystocia occur? stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 Dystocia could occur in any of the three stages of labor.

How does pregnancy change the functioning of the mother's body? Select all the correct statements. Many women develop an accentuated sacral curvature. A woman has a higher blood volume and cardiac output during pregnancy. The rib cage becomes longer and narrower during pregnancy. The uterus presses on the urinary bladder, causing stress incontinence. The hormone relaxin helps widen the pelvic girdle.

There is a distinction between things pregnant women can avoid and things they can be exposed to without knowing it, like infections. Which of the following is an infectious condition that can threaten normal fetal development? Choose the best answer. German measles (rubella) alcohol nicotine antibiotics

What hormone is essential for the development of the male duct system and external genitalia? testosterone estrogen insulin progesterone

Which of these results from the low estrogen levels that occur after menopause? increased sex drive menstruation hot flashes ovulation

An XY person whose cells did not respond to the effects of androgens (a condition called complete androgen insensitivity) would look anatomically like a __________. female male hermaphrodite male, female, or hermaphrodite