PSY 200: Practice Exam 1 – Flashcards
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Work on selective breeding in ______ over a period of 40 years shows that behavioral characteristics can be selectively bred so that the descendants behave more like a different species than like their own ancestors
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Foxes
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Variation and natural selection are the foundations of _____
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Evolution
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Darwin suggested that natural selection is analogous to _________
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Breeding
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The cowbird deposits its eggs in the nests of other birds. This is most likely a _________
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Modal Action Pattern (MAP)
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The rooting of pigs (for worms, larvae and truffles) is an example of a
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MAP
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The list of alleged human instincts _______
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Has gotten shorter over the years
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The chief advantage of learning over natural selection as a means of adapting to change is learning _______
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Is faster
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Behavior refers to anything a person or animal does that can be
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Measured
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Steven says that he was very nervous when he first attended college classes, but now he feels quite relaxed. Steven's loss of anxiety is most likely an example of ___________
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Learning
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Experience refers to _________
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Change in the environment
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A thumbtack stuck in a bulletin board several feet away is less likely to affect your behavior than a thumbtack placed on the chair on which you are sitting. Even though both examples involve the thumbtack, the second is more likely to qualify as a ______
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Stimulus
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In a cumulative record, learning is indicated by a change in response _______
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Rate
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Any variable an experimenter manipulates is a(n) ________ variable
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Independent
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Any variable that is allowed to vary freely is a(n) ______variable - can be measured
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Dependent
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In within-subject experiments, each subject's performance is compared with his or her performance during a _________
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Random Sampling Period
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One problem with computer stimulus for animal research is that ________
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No one knows what behavior to program until the research has been done
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In studying "psychic secretions," Pavlov focused his attention on the _______
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Events in a dog's environment
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Pavlov called reflexes present at birth ______
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Unconditional
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The term _______ response refers to an innate reflex response to a stimulus
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Unconditional
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________ stimuli are typically events that are important to survival
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Unconditional
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Pavlovian conditioning is also called _______ conditioning
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Classical
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In general, the more intense a US, the ______
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Faster conditioning proceeds
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Which of the following would be considered an unconditioned reflex according to classical conditioning?
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Jumping in response to the pop of a firecracker
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Susan has conditioned her cats to come running when she shakes their box of kitty treats. In this case, the treats serve as the ______
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US
