question

High incidence disabilities include all of the following EXCEPT A.Mental Retardation B. Speech Impairments C. Autism

answer

C. Autism

question

Which of the following laws made provisions for preschool children to receive special education services? A. P.L. 94-142 B. P.L. 99-457 1986 Education of the Handicapped Act C. ADA(1990) D. Section 504

answer

A. P.L. 99-457 1986 Education of the Handicapped Act

question

Using the term ¨the disabled" is preferable to using the term ¨the handicapped" A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Mild disabilities can significantly affect a students functioning in school A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Throughout the 1990s, there has been a steady trend to place more students with disabilities in general education classrooms instead of in resource programs. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The use of ¨negative school labels¨ with some children tends to suggest that all others learn in the same way. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The educational environment in which more students with disabilities served today is the A. Resource room B. Special classroom C. General education classroom D. Special school

answer

C. General education classroom

question

The classification of a student with a specific disability (e.g., mental retardation, learning disability) guides the design of the students IEP A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Students with behavioral disorders and those with learning disabilities have completely different educational needs and should be served in separate programs. A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Students who are viewed as being at risk for school failure: A. Generally receive special education services B. Always present behavior problems in the classroom C. Frequently have needs that are similar to learners with disabilities D, Are not eligible for special education services

answer

C. Frequently have needs that are similar to learners with disabilities

question

Students with mild disabilities A. Often develop behavior problems and learned helplessness in response to failure B. Display very specific problems in a specific area, like learning or behavior C. Are generally served in special education classrooms for most of their day D. Only need short-term special education services to remove the disability

answer

A. Often develop behavior problems and learned helplessness in response to failure

question

An example of primary prevention is A. Creating transition plans for adolescents with disabilities B. Conduction lead screening in high-risk neighborhoods C. Testing all newborns for phenylketonuria (PKU) D. Requiring all children to be immunized against rubella

answer

D. Requiring all children to be immunized against rubella

question

Once classified as a student with an emotional/behavioral disorder, best practice suggests that the student should be placed in a structured, self-contained program using behavior modification contracts A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Examples of handicapism include all of the following except A. ¨John is afflicted with cerebral palsy, but doesn't let that stop him.¨ B. The waitress asks John's wife what he wants to order C, John is denied admission to college because of his physical disability D. ¨John uses a wheelchair for mobility¨

answer

D. ¨John uses a wheelchair for mobility¨

question

Nicholas Hobbs felt that the correct classification of students was critical to providing effective interventions A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

All of the following are arguments given in support of using disability labels in schools programs, EXCEPT A. Teachers need to know the label or category in order to provide appropriate services B. IDEA funding is related to categories; money is sent to school based on the numbers in each category C. Labeling is required by IDEA for students to be eligible for an IEP D. A disability label helps explain the student's difficulty to parents, teachers, and the child.

answer

A, Teachers need to know the label or category in order to provide appropriate services

question

Low incidence disabilities include all of the following except A. Emotional disturbance B. Hearing impairments C. Visual impairments D. Traumatic brain injury

answer

Emotional disturbance

question

High incidence disabilities are the same as mild disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Which of the following sentences illustrates the preferred way to refer to children with disabilities A. Mr. Smith's class has two LD kids and one MR kid this year B. Sally has an attention deficit disorder C. The mentally retarded students go to Mrs. Smith's resource room D. Mrs. Jones's handicapped students spend most of their time in her room

answer

B. Sally has an attention deficit disorder

question

Students viewed as "at risk" of school failure frequently have similar needs to students with mild disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

PARC v. Pennsylvania laid the foundation for the rights established in 1975 as part of P.L. 94-142 right to public ed for all P.A. children with intellectual disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

In classical Greek and Roman civilizations, individuals with visible disabilities were likely to experience: A. pity B. protection C. rejection D. education

answer

C. rejection

question

All of the following statements about special education classes in public schools before the 1950s are true EXCEPT A. There were no public school special education classes before 1950 B. Special education classes were largely found in urban areas C. Classes were not available for all disabilities D. Classes were generally only for those with moderate disabilities

answer

A. There were no public school special education classes before 1950

question

Mills v.D.C. Board of Education ruled that shortages in funding could not be used to exclude one group of children from school A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

An important new trend by the end of the 1800s was that of A, providing treatment to people with mental disabilities B. returning people with disabilities to their home community C. providing vocal training in sheltered workshops D. teaching individuals with mental disabilities to read and write

answer

A. providing treatment to people with mental disabilities

question

The first legislation to convey specific rights to children with disabilities was A. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1973 (equal access to all programs/services funded by federal funds) B. Development Disabilities Act C. P.L. 94-142 D. Americans with Disabilities Act

answer

A. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1973 (equal access to all programs/services funded by federal funds)

question

Segregated services for those with disabilities were prevalent in the 1900s primarily as a way to A. provide relief to families from care-giving demands B. prevent individuals with disabilities from disrupting activities in normalized environments C. control reproduction by those with serious disabilities D. provide quality services to individuals with disabilities

answer

B. prevent individuals with disabilities from disrupting activities in normalized environments

question

The curriculum in the first day schools for those with disabilities include training in the manual arts largely because: A. research indicated that manual arts training was the most effective curriculum B. teachers of those classes began their careers in institutions where manual arts formed the curriculum C. it had been shown that children with disabilities were not capable of achieving literacy D. sale of products created by the students in their craft classes helped pay for the program costs

answer

B. teachers of those classes began their careers in institutions where manual arts formed the curriculum

question

Diana vs. State Board of Education established the right to due process in special education placements A. true B. false

answer

B. False Mexican-American students in SPED 1970 based on IQ tests were actually racially biased

question

The general education initiative suggests that the general education classroom is generally the best learning environment for all children, and that any required special education services should be delivered there. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Honig vs. Doe held that schools cannot discipline students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False- suspension or expulsion cannot be deemed if results of a disability

question

The ARC and other groups were largely responsible for initiating the legal fight for the right to an education for all children with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Larry P. vs. Riles resulted in limits on the use of intelligence test as the sole indicator of mental retardation A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Henry Goddard believed that .... A. mental retardation could be influenced by the environment B. with training, people with mental retardation could become effective members of society C. people with mental retardation are best served in community settings D. mental retardation was a hereditary condition

answer

D. mental retardation was a hereditary condition

question

Brown vs Board of Education asserted that children with disabilities could not be educated separately A. True B. False

answer

B. False- 1954 education is the right of every child

question

Asylums came into use in the 1700's and 1800's largely in order to: A. educate people with disabilities B. prepare people with disabilities to live productively in society C. provide vocal training for individuals with disabilities D. protect society from those with disabilities

answer

D. protect society from those with disabilities

question

In general, civil rights for people with disabilities have been achieved by the following sequence of activities A. legislation, litigation, advocacy B. advocacy, legislation, litigation C. litigation, advocacy, legislation D. advocacy, litigation, legislation

answer

B. advocacy, litigation, legislation

question

A disability is a disability, whether the person lived in the 1600's, the 1800's, or today A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

According to Board of Education vs. Rowley, schools must design IEPs to maximize the potential of all children, including those with disabilities. A. True B. False

answer

B. False- 1982 districts are responsible for due process

question

The rapid and significant changes in services between 1950-1975 were largely the result of .. A. the efforts of professional special educators B. rulings by court C. advocacy efforts by parents groups D. laws passed by Congress and state legislators

answer

C. advocacy efforts by parents groups

question

task analysis is associated primarily with norm-reference test and is used for assessing desired outcome competencies A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

Norm-reference tests are used to determine if students have achieved mastery of specific skills in the curriculum A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Norm- reference testing allows teachers to compare the performance of one child to typical children of the same age or grade. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Jeffrey, in the opening vignette in your text, was found not to be eligible for special education services despite the fact that he was having significant difficulty in school. The best explanation for such occurrences is that the test used were A. not sensitive to Jeffrey's particular problems. B. The system fails to correctly identify many students C. Disability definitions create arbitrary cut-off points on one or two characteristics D. His teacher was not a good judge of the range of normal performance

answer

C. Disability definitions create arbitrary cut-off points on one or two characteristics

question

Idea 1997/2004 requires schools to do all of the following except .. A. Consider all the information, including that which is provided by parents B. Assess a child in the students native language C. Assess the student with respect to the general education curriculum D. Retest the child every three years to determine if services are still needed

answer

D. Retest the child every three years to determine if services are still needed

question

Ms. Berger gives Thomas a subtraction test based on the skills he has been earning this week. She is seeking information about the effectiveness of the instructional approach she is using and to determine which skills might need more focus. She is engaging in.. A. Formative Evaluation B. Summative Evaluation C. Norm-Referenced assessment D. Classification

answer

A. Formative Evaluation (student power)

question

Curriculum-based assessment and criterion-referenced testing are frequently used interchangeably and assess what a student has learned and can do. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

IDEA 1997/2004 requires that all students, including those with disabilities, take the statewide and district-mandated tests taken by students in general education classes A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The form of assessment that is LEAST apt to be related to a child's school curriculum/program A. Curriculum-based assessment B. Performance assessment C. Norm-referenced testing D. Portfolio assessment

answer

C. Norm-referenced testing

question

A non-categorical service model places primary emphasis on A. The numbers of students to be served B. The strengths and deficits of each student C. The special skills of the staff in the school D. The number of students who move out of special education

answer

B. The strengths and deficits of each student

question

IDEA 2004 allows schools to use Response to Intervention in determining if a student is eligible for special education services A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The usefulness of norm- and criterion-referenced tests is directly related to the alignment of test items with the instructional activities engaged in by the students A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Criterion- referenced tests yield scores that allow educators to compare one individual to another A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Important considerations in designing appropriate classroom assessments include all of the following EXCEPT A. The test must correspond to the instruction the students have received B. The test is designed to assess the knowledge and skills, and not the area of disability C. The test must yield accurate information about what a learner knows and can do D. All students should take the test under the same conditions so that results can be compared

answer

D. All students should take the test under the same conditions so that results can be compared

question

Norm-referenced tests are based on the premise that a generalized body of knowledge and skills exists, and that most children, regardless of where they live, will have been taught these concepts and skills A, true B. false

answer

A. true

question

Test modifications should not affect the validity of the test as long as A. The modifications are to the test administration, not the content. B. It is noted on the student's records that the test was taken with modifications C. The modification only relates to time needed to take the test D. The teacher supervises the testing environment carefully

answer

A. The modifications are to the test administration, not the content.

question

IDEA 1997/2004 requires the participation in state and district-wide testing programs by A. Those students who are placed in general education classes for part or all of a day B. All students with disabilities unless no part of the general education curriculum is deemed appropriate C. Students who are receiving instruction in mathematics and language arts, regardless of the setting D. Those students who require testing modifications to succeed

answer

A. All students with disabilities unless no part of the general education curriculum is deemed appropriate

question

The multidisciplinary team is reviewing the referral and testing information on Alice. They are seeking to decide if she is eligible for special education services. This process is called A. Norm-referenced assessment B. Summative evaluation C. Formative evaluation D. Performance assessment

answer

B. Summative evaluation

question

The most important indication that norm-reference testing programs may not be accurately determining which students actually have disabilities is that A. Students who receive failing grades in school may not be identified B. Students from culturally diverse backgrounds are identified as having disabilities at a higher expected rate C. Students can get the correct answer by guessing D. The number of identified students varies significantly from place to place

answer

B. Students from culturally diverse backgrounds are identified as having disabilities at a higher expected rate

question

Norm-referenced tests are useful in providing information for use in program planning A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Alternative curricula are appropriate when no portion of the general education curriculum is applicable to a particular student's needs A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

According to IDEA, each student with a disability must be provided with a program of individualized instruction. In this context, individualized instruction refers to A. Private tutoring B. Instruction by a special education teacher C. Instructional experiences selected to meet the student's needs D. Instruction that differs in significant ways from that which is generally provided and which involves the use of specialized materials

answer

C. Instructional experiences selected to meet the student's needs

question

Instruction in cognitive learning strategies is particularly useful to learners with disabilities because A. They make the content to be learned explicit and clear B. They assist students in becoming independent learners C. They convey content area learning more effectively D. They help the teacher structure the content learning for easier learning

answer

B. They assist students in becoming independent learners

question

Curriculum and individualized Education Programs (IEP) are terms that are frequently used interchangeably and have the same meaning when working with students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The hidden curriculum results from the interaction of the formal written curriculum with the pedagogical practices and philosophies of the teacher A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Which of the following is not NOT an example of a Universal Design for Learning action? A. Selecting a textbook that all students in the class can read B. Using only audiovisual media to present content so that non-readers are not disadvantaged C. Requiring all students to do a multiplication facts test each day until everyone in the class has demonstrated mastery D. Assessing the learning in the social studies class by allowing students to design a way to demonstrate what they learned

answer

D. Assessing the learning in the social studies class by allowing students to design a way to demonstrate what they learned

question

IDEA 1997 requires that the general education curriculum must be used as the basis for planning an instructional program for students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Inclusion reinforces our dual system of education A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

In discussing current debates about inclusion, Zigler, Hodapp, and Edison suggest that... A. The only relevant concern in educational planning should be the characteristics and needs of the individual student B. ¨Place" is a critical contextual variable, determining the quality of major outcomes with students C. Simply placing an individual in a normalized environment insures more adaptive outcomes D. Research indicates that inclusive settings confer clear benefit to most children

answer

A. The only relevant concern in educational planning should be the characteristics and needs of the individual student

question

Honig v. Doe and IDEA 2004 hold that.. A. Students with disabilities may not be disciplined for their problem behaviors B. Students with dangerous behaviors may not be removed from school C. Schools may respond to serious behavior problems by reconvening the IEP team and redesigning the interventions an placement provided for the student D. Schools must wait for the team meeting before removing a dangerous student from the school grounds

answer

C. Schools may respond to serious behavior problems by reconvening the IEP team and redesigning the interventions an placement provided for the student

question

If a problem behavior occurring in school is determined to be related to the students disability, the student must be allowed to remain in his/her current placement A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The definition of mental retardation from 1959-1973 differed from definitions before 1959 or after 1973 because it.. A. Included an adaptive behavior deficit criterion B. Focused on the etiology of the condition C. Raised the IQ criterion to one standard deviation below the mean D. Lowered the IQ criterion to two standard deviations below the mean

answer

D. Lowered the IQ criterion to two standard deviations below the mean

question

The largest percentage of cases of mental retardation is identified A. During infancy B. Evenly across the age periods during the development period (0-18) C. In the preschool years D. In the elementary school years

answer

D. In the elementary school years

question

One can expect that a person with moderate mental retardation will have significant functional deficits in all adaptive skill domains. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The effects of genetic conditions are permanent A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The development of intelligence testing in France and the United States in the early 1900's lead to A. Widespread creation of special education classes B. Attempts to identify and isolate those with diminished mental abilities C. A resurgence in research into cures for mental retardation D. No effect due to the cost of such testing

answer

B. Attempts to identify and isolate those with diminished mental abilities

question

The work of Mercer and Edgerton focused on the ____ perspective on mental retardation A. Sociological B. Psychological C. Ecological D. Academic

answer

B. Psychological

question

Development disability is an alternative term appropriate for use in cases of borderline or mild mental retardation A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The term ¨developmental delay¨ may be used as classification when A. The parents refuse to accept the classification of mental retardation B. A child 0-9 requires intervention for significant delays in one or more functional areas C. The retardation is from biological cause D. The retardation is in the mild range

answer

B. A child 0-9 requires intervention for significant delays in one or more functional areas

question

Prematurity presents risks for developing mental retardation A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Students with mental retardation experience considerable failure in school, frequently resulting in all of the following EXCEPT A. Expectancy of failure B. Reliance on external sources of control C. Lessened sense of personal responsibility and competence D. Learned competence

answer

D. Learned competence

question

Changeability is a more important issue that heritability in considering causes of retardation. A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Most students with mental retardation have distinctive physical signs of their condition A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

In about 75% of all cases of mental retardation A. There is an identifiable biological condition associated with the retardation B. Down syndrome is present C. The cause appears to be related to a complex interaction of various environmental factors D. The condition is severe in its impact of the individual's ability to function, and the outlook for independence is not favorable

answer

C. The cause appears to be related to a complex interaction of various environmental factors

question

Prevalence estimates for mental retardation assume that 2-3% of the population is likely to have deficits in intellectual functioning coupled with adaptive behavior A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Physical characteristics among individuals with mental retardation are characterized as A. Resulting in smaller stature B. Being extremely variable C. Displaying significant motoric immaturity D. Presenting serious health risks

answer

B. Being extremely variable

question

Most cases of mental retardation have an organic or biological cause A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

A student with an IQ below 70 who nevertheless exhibits age appropriate skills and behaviors in everyday environments should A. Be placed in a special class B, Be classified as having mental retardation based on the IQ score C. Not be classified as having mental retardation at this time D. Be classified as having mental retardation, but placed in a general education classroom

answer

C. Not be classified as having mental retardation at this time

question

A student with a learning disability may also have which of the following disabilities? A. Mental retardation B. Emotional disturbance C. Speech impairment D, Hearing impairment

answer

C. Speech impairment

question

The largest number of students with disabilities have learning disabilities A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

Kirk proposed that learning disabilities can be divided into two groups: A. Academic and developmental B. Reading and mathematics C. Academic and social D. Psychological and language-related

answer

A. Academic and developmental

question

Although it cannot currently be readily assessed, most definitions of learning disabilities presume that the disorder is related to A. Underachievement B, Language disorders C. Central nervous system dysfunction D. Low levels of intellectual functioning

answer

C. Central nervous system dysfunction

question

Which of the following criteria was added by IDEA 2004 to procedures that may be used to identify learning disabilities? A. Ability-achievement B. Neurological functioning procedures C. Response too intervention D. Perceptual assessment

answer

C. Response too intervention

question

Documented brain injury is one criterion for identifying a child as having a learning disability A. True C. False

answer

A. True

question

Learning disabilities are now presumed to persist throughout life, although effective remediation can improve the ability to function A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Students with learning disabilities can be identified by the fact that they reverse letters, numbers, and words A. True B, False

answer

A. True

question

The source of a learning disability is presumed to lie in the way the brain processes information A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Determining that a child has a learning disability provides clear guidance for designing remedial interventions A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

What percentage of children receiving special education services in the United States are classified as having learning disabilities? A. 20% B. 50% C. 90% D. 5%

answer

B. 50%

question

Research concerning individuals we now identify as having learning disabilities was initially conducted by: A. Psychologists B. Physicians C. Educators D. Parents

answer

A. Psychologists

question

According to IDEA 2004, which of the following is NOT required to determine if a child has a learning disability? A. Assessing the child's ability to learn B. Evaluating academic functioning in a variety of academic areas C. Determining is child has had the opportunity to learn D. Evaluating the discrepancy between the ability and achievement measures

answer

D. Evaluating the discrepancy between the ability and achievement measures

question

The IDEA definition of learning disabilities does not currently include disabilities in A. Language functioning B. Mathematics C. Reading D. Social skills

answer

D. Social skills

question

Learning disabilities may lead to the student having problems with social adjustment and demonstration of social skills A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Which of the following criteria is included in the IDEA definitions of learning disabilities? A. Exclusion and underachievement B. Severe deficits in mathematics and reading C. Evidence of brain injury D. Underachievement and low levels of intelligence

answer

A. Exclusion and underachievement

question

IDEA 2004 now specifies how schools should determine if a student has a severe discrepancy between ability and achievement, thereby meeting one of the criteria for identification as a child with a learning disability A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Most students with learning disabilities are identified during A. The period when they learn to talk B. The elementary grades C. Secondary school D. Identification evenly spread over the various age periods

answer

B. The elementary grades

question

Educators and psychologists are in agreement on what constitutes a learning disability A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Students with learning disabilities are heterogeneous A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The federal government estimates that ___% of all students may have emotional or behavioral disorders, accompanied by academic problems sever enough to require intervention A. less than 1% B. 2-3% C. 7-8% D. 10%

answer

B. 2-3%

question

In Honig vs Doe, the courts ruled that when students with emotional disturbances are involved: A. Decisions about suspension/expulsion actions must be reviewed by the multidisciplinary team to determine the relationship (if any) to the disability and to evaluate plan B. Schools may not use suspension as a disciplinary tool C. Schools may not enforce the conduct code that applies to all other students D. Students may not be removed from school settings, even when they present a danger to themselves or others

answer

A. Decisions about suspension/expulsion actions must be reviewed by the multidisciplinary team to determine the relationship (if any) to the disability and to evaluate plan

question

The identification of students with emotional disturbance under IDEA criteria is restricted with those with serious levels of impairment A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The text discusses the issues surrounding culturally normative behaviors and concludes that students from diverse cultural backgrounds A. Have emotional disturbances since they display variant behaviors B. Do not have emotional disturbances because their behaviors are related to their culture C. Should not receive special education services for emotional disturbance D. May or may not have an emotional disturbance but may need assisstance

answer

D. May or may not have an emotional disturbance but may need assisstance

question

Response to intervention can severe as a diagnostic indicator A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

It appears that learners from diverse cultural groups are often misclassified as having emotional disturbance A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The definition of emotional behavioral disorders proposed by the Mental Health and Special Education Coalition includes all of the following EXCEPT A. Exclusion of conditions resulting from social maladjustment B. Evaluating of behaviors in the context of age and ethnic norms C. Possibility that emotional disorders may co-exist with other disabilities D. The requirement that the problem behaviors are exhibited in at least two settings

answer

A. Exclusion of conditions resulting from social maladjustment

question

Determination of eligibility for services as a student with an emotional disturbance has been shown to be uniformly implemented regardless of where a student lives A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Eli Bower's definition of emotional handicaps included which of the following elements? A. Behavior that is the result of social maladjustment is excluded B. The problem behavior must be shown to be affecting educational performance C. Problem behavior must be exhibited to a marked degree and for a prolonged period of time D. Bower's definition addressed severe emotional handicaps only

answer

C. Problem behavior must be exhibited to a marked degree and for a prolonged period of time

question

The number of students identified with emotional disturbance has risen significantly in the last 10 years A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The most defensible justification for using behavior rating scales such as the Walker Problem Behavior Checklist includes which of the following A. They provide an objective determination of the nature of a child's problem behavior B. They yield a norm-referenced score that is required to determine that the behavior of a particular child is significantly different from the norm C, They provide information about the informant's perceptions of the behavior problems D. IDEA requires the use of such instruments in the diagnostic and classification process

answer

C. They provide information about the informant's perceptions of the behavior problems

question

Emotional behavioral disorders vary in severity along a continuum, ranging from mild to severe A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The definition for emotional disorders proposed by Eli Bower contained the exclusion of children whose behavior problems resulted from social maladjustment A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

According to federal child count data,the prevalence of students with emotional disturbance is highest in which age group A. During the preschool years B. In the elementary grades C. During adolescence D. The prevalence is equality distributed across all ages

answer

C. During adolescence

question

Critics of the current IDEA definition of emotional disturbance have criticized it because of its A, Overly precise terminology B. Exclusion of social maladjustment C. Exact assessment requirements D. Attention to cultural differences

answer

B. Exclusion of social maladjustment

question

The most critical issue in determining if a particular behavioral pattern is problematic in the context in which the behavior occurs A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Children whose behavior problems are related to their cultural background do not need services and should not be identified A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The causes of emotional or behavioral disorders A. Are traceable to biological factors intrinsic to the individual B. Are believed to be a result of complex interaction among various environmental factors C. Derive primarily from problems within the family and from actions of parents D. Relate to the problematic images commonly available in the media, with particular concerns about the levels of violence and sexuality

answer

B. Are believed to be a result of complex interaction among various environmental factors

question

High incidence disabilities include all of the following EXCEPT A. Mental Retardation B. Speech Impairments C. Autism D. LDs

answer

C. Autism

question

Which of the following laws made provisions for preschool children to receive special education services? A. P.L. 94-142 B. P.L. 99-457 1986 Education of the Handicapped Act C. ADA(1990) D. Section 504

answer

B. P.L. 99-457 1986 Education of the Handicapped Act

question

Using the term ¨the disabled" is preferable to using the term ¨the handicapped" A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Mild disabilities can significantly affect a students functioning in school A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Throughout the 1990s, there has been a steady trend to place more students with disabilities in general education classrooms instead of in resource programs. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The use of ¨negative school labels¨ with some children tends to suggest that all others learn in the same way. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The educational environment in which more students with disabilities served today is the A. Resource room B. Special classroom C. General education classroom D. Special school

answer

C. General education classroom

question

The classification of a student with a specific disability (e.g., mental retardation, learning disability) guides the design of the students IEP A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Students with behavioral disorders and those with learning disabilities have completely different educational needs and should be served in separate programs. A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Students who are viewed as being at risk for school failure: A. Generally receive special education services B. Always present behavior problems in the classroom C. Frequently have needs that are similar to learners with disabilities D. Are not eligible for special education services

answer

C. Frequently have needs that are similar to learners with disabilities

question

Students with mild disabilities A. Often develop behavior problems and learned helplessness in response to failure B. Display very specific problems in a specific area, like learning or behavior C. Are generally served in special education classrooms for most of their day D. Only need short-term special education services to remove the disability

answer

A. Often develop behavior problems and learned helplessness in response to failure

question

An example of primary prevention is A. Creating transition plans for adolescents with disabilities B. Conduction lead screening in high-risk neighborhoods C. Testing all newborns for phenylketonuria (PKU) D. Requiring all children to be immunized against rubella

answer

D. Requiring all children to be immunized against rubella

question

Once classified as a student with an emotional/behavioral disorder, best practice suggests that the student should be placed in a structured, self-contained program using behavior modification contracts A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Examples of handicapism include all of the following except A. ¨John is afflicted with cerebral palsy, but doesn't let that stop him.¨ B. The waitress asks John's wife what he wants to order C. John is denied admission to college because of his physical disability D. ¨John uses a wheelchair for mobility¨

answer

D. ¨John uses a wheelchair for mobility¨

question

Nicholas Hobbs felt that the correct classification of students was critical to providing effective interventions A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

All of the following are arguments given in support of using disability labels in schools programs, EXCEPT A. Teachers need to know the label or category in order to provide appropriate services B. IDEA funding is related to categories; money is sent to school based on the numbers in each category C. Labeling is required by IDEA for students to be eligible for an IEP D. A disability label helps explain the student's difficulty to parents, teachers, and the child.

answer

A. Teachers need to know the label or category in order to provide appropriate services

question

Low incidence disabilities include all of the following except A. Emotional disturbance B. Hearing impairments C. Visual impairments D. Traumatic brain injury

answer

A. Emotional disturbance

question

High incidence disabilities are the same as mild disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Which of the following sentences illustrates the preferred way to refer to children with disabilities A. Mr. Smith's class has two LD kids and one MR kid this year B. Sally has an attention deficit disorder C. The mentally retarded students go to Mrs. Smith's resource room D. Mrs. Jones's handicapped students spend most of their time in her room

answer

B. Sally has an attention deficit disorder

question

Students viewed as "at risk" of school failure frequently have similar needs to students with mild disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

PARC v. Pennsylvania laid the foundation for the rights established in 1975 as part of P.L. 94-142 right to public ed for all P.A. children with intellectual disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

In classical Greek and Roman civilizations, individuals with visible disabilities were likely to experience: A. pity B. protection C. rejection D. education

answer

C. rejection

question

All of the following statements about special education classes in public schools before the 1950s are true EXCEPT A. There were no public school special education classes before 1950 B. Special education classes were largely found in urban areas C. Classes were not available for all disabilities D. Classes were generally only for those with moderate disabilities

answer

A. There were no public school special education classes before 1950

question

Mills v.D.C. Board of Education ruled that shortages in funding could not be used to exclude one group of children from school A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

An important new trend by the end of the 1800s was that of A. providing treatment to people with mental disabilities B. returning people with disabilities to their home community C. providing vocal training in sheltered workshops D. teaching individuals with mental disabilities to read and write

answer

C. providing treatment to people with mental disabilities

question

The first legislation to convey specific rights to children with disabilities was A. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1973 (equal access to all programs/services funded by federal funds) B. Development Disabilities Act C. P.L. 94-142 D. Americans with Disabilities Act

answer

A. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1973 (equal access to all programs/services funded by federal funds)

question

Segregated services for those with disabilities were prevalent in the 1900s primarily as a way to A. provide relief to families from care-giving demands B. prevent individuals with disabilities from disrupting activities in normalized environments C. control reproduction by those with serious disabilities D. provide quality services to individuals with disabilities

answer

B. prevent individuals with disabilities from disrupting activities in normalized environments

question

The curriculum in the first day schools for those with disabilities include training in the manual arts largely because: A. research indicated that manual arts training was the most effective curriculum B. teachers of those classes began their careers in institutions where manual arts formed the curriculum C. it had been shown that children with disabilities were not capable of achieving literacy D. sale of products created by the students in their craft classes helped pay for the program costs

answer

B. teachers of those classes began their careers in institutions where manual arts formed the curriculum

question

Diana vs. State Board of Education established the right to due process in special education placements A. true B. false

answer

B. False Mexican-American students in SPED 1970 based on IQ tests were actually racially biased

question

The general education initiative suggests that the general education classroom is generally the best learning environment for all children, and that any required special education services should be delivered there. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Honig vs. Doe held that schools cannot discipline students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False- suspension or expulsion cannot be deemed if results of a disability

question

The ARC and other groups were largely responsible for initiating the legal fight for the right to an education for all children with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Larry P. vs. Riles resulted in limits on the use of intelligence test as the sole indicator of mental retardation A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Henry Goddard believed that .... A. mental retardation could be influenced by the environment B. with training, people with mental retardation could become effective members of society C. people with mental retardation are best served in community settings D. mental retardation was a hereditary condition

answer

D. mental retardation was a hereditary condition

question

Brown vs Board of Education asserted that children with disabilities could not be educated separately A. True B. False

answer

B. False- 1954 education is the right of every child

question

Asylums came into use in the 1700's and 1800's largely in order to: A. educate people with disabilities B. prepare people with disabilities to live productively in society C. provide vocal training for individuals with disabilities D. protect society from those with disabilities

answer

D. protect society from those with disabilities

question

In general, civil rights for people with disabilities have been achieved by the following sequence of activities A. legislation, litigation, advocacy B. advocacy, legislation, litigation C. litigation, advocacy, legislation D. advocacy, litigation, legislation

answer

D. advocacy, litigation, legislation

question

A disability is a disability, whether the person lived in the 1600's, the 1800's, or today A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

According to Board of Education vs. Rowley, schools must design IEPs to maximize the potential of all children, including those with disabilities. A. True B. False

answer

B. False- 1982 districts are responsible for due process

question

The rapid and significant changes in services between 1950-1975 were largely the result of .. A. the efforts of professional special educators B. rulings by court C. advocacy efforts by parents groups D. laws passed by Congress and state legislators

answer

C. advocacy efforts by parents groups

question

task analysis is associated primarily with norm-reference test and is used for assessing desired outcome competencies A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

Norm-reference tests are used to determine if students have achieved mastery of specific skills in the curriculum A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Norm- reference testing allows teachers to compare the performance of one child to typical children of the same age or grade. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Jeffrey, in the opening vignette in your text, was found not to be eligible for special education services despite the fact that he was having significant difficulty in school. The best explanation for such occurrences is that the test used were not sensitive to Jeffrey's particular problems. A. The system fails to correctly identify many students B. Disability definitions create arbitrary cut-off points on one or two characteristics C. His teacher was not a good judge of the range of normal performance

answer

B. Disability definitions create arbitrary cut-off points on one or two characteristics

question

Idea 1997/2004 requires schools to do all of the following except .. A. Consider all the information, including that which is provided by parents B. Assess a child in the students native language C. Assess the student with respect to the general education curriculum D> Retest the child every three years to determine if services are still needed

answer

D. Retest the child every three years to determine if services are still needed

question

Ms. Berger gives Thomas a subtraction test based on the skills he has been earning this week. She is seeking information about the effectiveness of the instructional approach she is using and to determine which skills might need more focus. She is engaging in.. A. Formative Evaluation B. Summative Evaluation C. Norm-Referenced assessment D. Classification

answer

A. Formative Evaluation (student power)

question

Curriculum-based assessment and criterion-referenced testing are frequently used interchangeably and assess what a student has learned and can do. A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

IDEA 1997/2004 requires that all students, including those with disabilities, take the statewide and district-mandated tests taken by students in general education classes A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The form of assessment that is LEAST apt to be related to a child's school curriculum/program A. Curriculum-based assessment Performance assessment Norm-referenced testing Portfolio assessment

answer

C. Norm-referenced testing

question

A non-categorical service model places primary emphasis on A. The numbers of students to be served B. The strengths and deficits of each student C. The special skills of the staff in the school D. The number of students who move out of special education

answer

B. The strengths and deficits of each student

question

IDEA 2004 allows schools to use Response to Intervention in determining if a student is eligible for special education services A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

The usefulness of norm- and criterion-referenced tests is directly related to the alignment of test items with the instructional activities engaged in by the students A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Criterion- referenced tests yield scores that allow educators to compare one individual to another A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Important considerations in designing appropriate classroom assessments include all of the following EXCEPT A. The test must correspond to the instruction the students have received B. The test is designed to assess the knowledge and skills, and not the area of disability C. The test must yield accurate information about what a learner knows and can do D. All students should take the test under the same conditions so that results can be compared

answer

D. All students should take the test under the same conditions so that results can be compared

question

Norm-referenced tests are based on the premise that a generalized body of knowledge and skills exists, and that most children, regardless of where they live, will have been taught these concepts and skills A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

Test modifications should not affect the validity of the test as long as A. The modifications are to the test administration, not the content. B. It is noted on the student's records that the test was taken with modifications C. The modification only relates to time needed to take the test D. The teacher supervises the testing environment carefully

answer

A. The modifications are to the test administration, not the content.

question

IDEA 1997/2004 requires the participation in state and district-wide testing programs by A. Those students who are placed in general education classes for part or all of a day B. All students with disabilities unless no part of the general education curriculum is deemed appropriate C. Students who are receiving instruction in mathematics and language arts, regardless of the setting D. Those students who require testing modifications to succeed

answer

B. All students with disabilities unless no part of the general education curriculum is deemed appropriate

question

The multidisciplinary team is reviewing the referral and testing information on Alice. They are seeking to decide if she is eligible for special education services. This process is called A. Norm-referenced assessment B. Summative evaluation C. Formative evaluation D. Performance assessment

answer

B. Summative evaluation

question

The most important indication that norm-reference testing programs may not be accurately determining which students actually have disabilities is that A. Students who receive failing grades in school may not be identified B. Students from culturally diverse backgrounds are identified as having disabilities at a higher expected rate C. Students can get the correct answer by guessing D. The number of identified students varies significantly from place to place

answer

B. Students from culturally diverse backgrounds are identified as having disabilities at a higher expected rate

question

Norm-referenced tests are useful in providing information for use in program planning A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

Alternative curricula are appropriate when no portion of the general education curriculum is applicable to a particular student's needs A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

According to IDEA, each student with a disability must be provided with a program of individualized instruction. In this context, individualized instruction refers to A. Private tutoring B. Instruction by a special education teacher C. Instructional experiences selected to meet the student's needs D. Instruction that differs in significant ways from that which is generally provided and which involves the use of specialized materials

answer

C. Instructional experiences selected to meet the student's needs

question

Instruction in cognitive learning strategies is particularly useful to learners with disabilities because A. They make the content to be learned explicit and clear B. They assist students in becoming independent learners C. They convey content area learning more effectively D. They help the teacher structure the content learning for easier learning

answer

B. They assist students in becoming independent learners

question

Curriculum and individualized Education Programs (IEP) are terms that are frequently used interchangeably and have the same meaning when working with students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

The hidden curriculum results from the interaction of the formal written curriculum with the pedagogical practices and philosophies of the teacher A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Which of the following is not NOT an example of a Universal Design for Learning action? A. Selecting a textbook that all students in the class can read B. Using only audiovisual media to present content so that non-readers are not disadvantaged C. Requiring all students to do a multiplication facts test each day until everyone in the class has demonstrated mastery D. Assessing the learning in the social studies class by allowing students to design a way to demonstrate what they learned

answer

D. Assessing the learning in the social studies class by allowing students to design a way to demonstrate what they learned

question

IDEA 1997 requires that the general education curriculum must be used as the basis for planning an instructional program for students with disabilities A. True B. False

answer

A. True

question

Modified curricula may include all of the following EXCEPT A. accommodations to procedures required for a learner to benefit from instruction B. alternative curricular goals for particular students with special learning needs C. substitution of alternative classroom objects for a given student with a disability D. substitution of an alternative skill or topic if instruction for a student with a disability

answer

A. accommodations to procedures required for a learner to benefit from instruction

question

the general education curriculum is a set of curricular expectations for all students in a community to achieve, and it is frequently thought to be guided by the textbooks in use A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

when congress mandated participation in the general education curriculum, they were referring to instructional services as delivered in a mainstream classroom setting A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

common definitions for the word curriculum include A. scope and sequence charts B. skill sequence checklists C. state learning standards D. all of the above

answer

D. all of the above

question

Simmons and Kameenui a identified scaffolding as a critical instructional variable for learners with school learning problems. scaffolding is most completely defined as A. providing instructional guidance to the learner B. selecting supportive text materials C. identifying the major concepts to be learned D. relating key concepts and principals clearly

answer

A. providing instructional guidance to the learner

question

IDEA 2004 requires that, while others may participate, the following individuals must be part of the child's IEP development team unless the parent agrees to meet without one of the parties A. special educator, administrator B. special educator, psychologist, parent C. special educator, administrator, general education teacher, parent D. special educator, parent, speech therapist, administrator

answer

C. special educator, administrator, general education teacher, parent

question

when mrs. greene devotes extra time to math and employs interesting activities for teaching because she was a math major in college and really enjoys math, this is an example of the A. explicit curriculum B. hidden curriculum C. absent curriculum D. enhanced curriculum

answer

B. hidden curriculum

question

according to IDEA 1997, curriculum should not be viewed independently of the place in which instructions is received A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the hidden curriculum affects all of the students in a similar way, regardless of culture, gender, and life experiences A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the goal of Universal Design for Learning practices is to identify an instructional activity from which all students can learn A. true B. false

answer

B. false flexible means of presentation/ student expectation and engagement

question

in planning and implementing instruction, the characteristics approach A. considers the skills students have yet to learn B. uses a variety of approaches in responses to individuals strengths and weaknesses C. is an important and effective strategy for all students D. all of the above

answer

D. all of the above

question

as the primary instructional tool used by teachers, textbooks are frequently central to the determination of what is taught and how instruction is paced A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

instructional practices that are characterized by the positive independence, teaching work skills, and individual accountability are referred to as: A. peer tutoring B. direct instruction C. cooperative learning D. basal skills instruction

answer

C. cooperative learning

question

research studies comparing the effectiveness of inclusion with other placement models often indicate conflicting effects or no effects at all. as indicated in your text, one of the most likely reasons this occurs is that A. research comparing effects across groups requires comparable groups; students in various placements are generally not comparable. B. there is no difference between inclusion and more restrictive models of service C. students do better in levels of programming where they do not have to compete with typical peers D. educational research is not able to identify effects in such situation due to lack of appropriate methodologies

answer

A. research comparing effects across groups requires comparable groups; students in various placements are generally not comparable.

question

In inclusive schools, the special educator retains primary responsibility for the education of students with disabilities A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

according to IDEA, the IEP team must determine an appropriate placement after identifying the student's strengths and needs, and developing appropriate annual goals A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

the concept of Least Restrictive Environment means that all children should be served in the general education classroom A. true B. false

answer

B. false to the maximum extent

question

the IDEA suggests that the multidisciplinary team should complete the following tasks in this order A. identification, eligibility, placement, IEP development B. classification, placement, IEP development C. classification, eligibility, IEP development, placement D. eligibility, diagnosis, placement

answer

C. classification, eligibility, IEP development, placement

question

Madeleine Will's classic article asserted that our current special education practices are "failure oriented" A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

all school districts are required by the IDEA to maintain a full continuum of program placements A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

according to your text, Ysseldyke, Algozzine, and Thurlow recommended the use of the transactional approach to education research as a way to investigate the effectiveness of various instructional techniques and placements because it A. recognizes the need to study what happens between students and teachers B. studies the political forces affecting educational decisions C. looks at the effect of individual variables under closely controlled conditions D. considers both the services and the setting as treatment variables and studies their interaction with the student's characteristics and outcomes

answer

D. considers both the services and the setting as treatment variables and studies their interaction with the student's characteristics and outcomes

question

In drafting the provisions of IDEA 1997/2004, congress intended that a functional behavioral assessment would be conducted for any student with problematic behavior, regardless of the identified disability category A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

according to Vaughn and Schumm, which of the following is an attribute of a responsible inclusion program? A. full inclusion is the only placement in use in the school B. ongoing professional development is provided C. a district-wide inclusion model is implemented in all schools D. inclusion is implemented as a way to reduce costs of special education services

answer

B. ongoing professional development is provided

question

inclusive models of services present opportunities to support the needs of all students who are having any degree of difficulty in learning activities A. true B. false

answer

B. true

question

an alternative interim educational placement refers to a placement that has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT A. the child can continue to receive appropriate educational services B. the placement must be located in the child's home community C. the placement must include services to respond to the problem behaviors of concern D. the placement can continue for 10-45 days, pending the development of a new plan of services by the IEP team

answer

B. the placement must be located in the child's home community

question

the Anytown School District routinely places all students who have emotional disturbances in selfcontained classroom placements, based on the belief that their presence in a general education class deprives students of the opportunity to learn. the most important concern that this practice raises is that A. it is against the law B. the practice fails to consider either the nature and effect of the behaviors of individual students or their needs C. putting all the children with problem behaviors together D. creates serious management problems for the teacher and aides parents find the practice unacceptable

answer

B. the practice fails to consider either the nature and effect of the behaviors of individual students or their needs

question

"Deriving educational benefit" is the standard established by the Supreme Court for appropriate educational services for students with disabilities A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

which of the following is an example of irresponsible and ineffective implementation of inclusionary practices? A. the school-based team develops the inclusion plan B. services are guided by a locally-developed philosophical base C. students needs guide all placement decisions D. teachers and staff are required to participate

answer

D. teachers and staff are required to participate

question

since the initial implementation of IDEA, the following trend in placements has been noted in federal child count data A. an increase in general education placement and a decrease in resource room usage B. an increase in resource room placements and a decrease in special class usage C. a slight increase in special school and residential placements D. an increase in general education placements for high school students

answer

D. an increase in general education placement and a decrease in resource room usage

question

Inclusion reinforces our dual system of education A. True B. False

answer

B. False

question

in discussing the current debates about inclusion, Zigler, Hodapp, and Edison suggest that A. the only relevant concern in educational planning should be the characteristics and needs of the individual student B. "place" is a critical contextual variable, determining the quality of major outcomes with students C. simply placing an individual in a normalized environment insures more adaptive outcomes D. research indicates that inclusive settings confer clear benefit for most children

answer

A. the only relevant concern in educational planning should be the characteristics and needs of the individual student

question

Honing V. Doe and IDEA 2004 hold that A. students with disabilities may not be disciplined for their problem behaviors B. students with dangerous behaviors may not be removed from school C. schools may respond to serious behavior problems by recovering the IEP team and redesigning the interventions and placement provided for the student D. schools must wait for the team meeting before removing a dangerous student from school grounds

answer

C. schools may respond to serious behavior problems by recovering the IEP team and redesigning the interventions and placement provided for the student

question

if a problem behavior occurring in school is determined to be related to the student's disability, the student must be allowed to remain in his/her current placement A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the definition of mental retardation from 1959-1973 differed from definitions before 1959 or after 1973 because it A. included an adaptive behavior deficit children B. focused on the etiology of the condition C. raised the IQ criterion to one standard below the mean D. lowered the IQ criterion to two standard below the mean

answer

C. raised the IQ criterion to one standard below the mean

question

the largest percentage of cases of mental retardation is identified A. during infancy B. evenly across the age periods during the development period (0-18) C. in the preschool years D. in the elementary school years

answer

D. in the elementary school years

question

one can expect that a person with moderate mental retardation will have significant functional deficits in all adaptive skill domains A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the effects of genetic conditions are permanent A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the development of intelligence testing in France and the U.S. in the early 1900s lead to A. widespread creation of special education classes B. attempts to identify and isolate those with diminished mental abilities C. a resurgence in research into cures for mental retardation D. no effect due to the cost of such testing

answer

B. attempts to identify and isolate those with diminished mental abilities

question

the work of Mercer and Edgerton focused on the __ perspective on mental retardation A. sociological B. psychological C. ecological D. academic

answer

A. sociological

question

developmental disability is an alternative term appropriate for use in cases of borderline or mild mental retardation A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the term "developmental delay" may be used as classification when A. the parents refuse to accept the classification of mental retardation B. the child aged 0-9 requires intervention for significant delays in one or more functional areas C. the retardation is from a biological cause D. the retardation is in the mild range

answer

B. the child aged 0-9 requires intervention for significant delays in one or more functional areas

question

prematurely presents risks for developing mental retardation A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

students with mental retardation experience considerable failure in school, frequently resulting in all of the following EXCEPT A. expectancy of failure B. reliance on external sources of control ] C. lessened sense of personal responsibility and competence D. learned competence

answer

D. learned competence

question

changeability is a more important issue that heritability in considering causes of retardation A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

most students with mental retardation have distinctive physical signs of their condition A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

in about 75% of all cases A. there is an identifiable biological condition associated with the retardation B. down syndrome is present C. the cause appears to be related to a complex interaction of various environmental factors D. the condition is severe in its impact of the individuals ability to function, and the outlook for independence is not favorable

answer

C. the cause appears to be related to a complex interaction of various environmental factors

question

prevalence estimates for mental retardation assume that 2-3% of the population is likely to have deficits in intellectual functioning coupled with adaptive behavior A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

physical characteristics among individuals with mental retardation are characterized as A. resulting in smaller stature B. being extremely variable C. presenting serious health risks

answer

B. being extremely variable

question

most cases of mental retardation have an organic or biological cause A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

a student with an IQ below 70 who nevertheless exhibits age appropriate skills and behaviors in everyday environments should A. be placed in a special class B. be classified as having mental retardation based on the IQ score C. not be classified as having mental retardation at this time D. be classified as having mental retardation, but placed in a general education classroom

answer

C. not be classified as having mental retardation at this time

question

in general, learning is slower among learners with mental retardation A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

down syndrome results in severe and profound levels of mental retardation A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

dever's definition of mental retardation from an instructional perspective suggests that A. mental retardation exists to the extent that there is a specific need for training the skills needed for independent living B. students with mental retardation should not be expected to learn to read C. instruction for students with mental retardation should focus on daily living skills D. students with mental retardation can't be expected to learn

answer

A. mental retardation exists to the extent that there is a specific need for training the skills needed for independent living

question

a student with a learning disability may also have which of the following disabilities? A. mental retardation B. emotional disturbance C. speech impairment D. hearing impairment

answer

C. speech impairment

question

the largest number of students with disabilities have learning disabilities A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

kirk proposed that learning disabilities can be divided into two groups: A. academic and developmental

answer

A. academic and developmental

question

Nancy is almost never in her seat, and when she is, she fidgets and plays with her hands or clothes. she is always "on the go". she frequently blurts out answers before the teacher has finished the question, talks constantly, and interrupts the conversations of others. nancy may have A. A behavior problem B. ADHD- inattentive type C. ADHD-hyperactive inpulsive type D. ADHD-combined type

answer

C. ADHD-hyperactive inpulsive type

question

ADHD diagnoses are most often made by A. physicians B. teachers C. school psychologists D. parents

answer

A. physicians

question

ADHD is a problem of childhood; it gradually goes away by the time the individual reaches adolescence or adulthood A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

_______is the explanation for the condition referred to as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder that suggests that the category was created to account for the behaviors of undisciplined children or for behaviors resulting from developmentally inappropriate expectations of young children A. the theory of the undisciplined child B. behavioral theory C. emotional disturbance D. the social construction of disability

answer

D. the social construction of disability

question

ADHD is estimated to affect__% of the general population A. less than 2% B. 3-5% C. 10% D. 25$

answer

B. 3-5%

question

John is frequently observed looking out the window or paying attention to the activities around the room or in the hall. he rarely seems to focus on his school tasks for long enough to accomplish them. he makes careless mistakes and seems to not hear when his teacher talks to him. John may have A. A behavior problem B. ADHD- inattentive type C. ADHD-hyperactive inpulsive type D. ADHD-combined type

answer

B. ADHD- inattentive type

question

ADHD- inattentive type is less prevalent than ADHD-hyperactive inpulsive type or ADHD-combined type A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

Low-incident disabilities: A. have milder impact on learner functioning B. are not disruptive to student learning C. are always severe in their impact on learning functioning D. can be mild or severe in their impact on student learning

answer

D. can be mild or severe in their impact on student learning

question

prevalence estimates indicate that 10-20% of students with learning disabilities also have ADHD A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

the early history of the conditions now referred to as ADHD and learning disabilities includes the same theories and investigations regarding the functioning of the brain. this suggests that A. ADHD and learning disabilities are the same B. ADHD and learning dsiabilites are bother related to differences in brain functioning C. learning disabilities are a part of ADHD D. ADHD does not exist

answer

B. ADHD and learning dsiabilites are bother related to differences in brain functioning

question

Children who do not pay attention in school have ADHD A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

school assessment of the impact of ADHD on the child's ability to function might include all of the followinh EXCEPT A. a psycho-educational evaluation (intelligence, achievement) B. classroom observation C. rating scales completed by teachers and parents D. a complete neurological work-up

answer

D. a complete neurological work-up

question

Sean seems to have significantly less ability than his peers to refrain from acting before reflecting on the possible outcomes. according to Barkley, this phenomenon is referred to as A. hyperactivity/impulsivity B. ADHD C. deficit in behavioral inhibition D. jumping to conclusions

answer

C. deficit in behavioral inhibition

question

children who were formerly classified as having Asperger's syndrome need to be in self-contained classrooms due to their limited intellectual functioning A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

more children with ADHD are found to have the___of ADHD A. all three types occur equally often B. ADHD- inattentive type C. ADHD-hyperactive inpulsive type D. ADHD-combined type

answer

D. ADHD-combined type

question

general education teachers work closely with related service providers when serving students with low incidence disabilities such as physical disabilities, health impairments, and visual and hearing impairments A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

children with autism spectrum disorders A. are non-verbal B. are very heterogeneous in their abilities C. always have a special talent D. are rarely served in general education classrooms

answer

B. are very heterogeneous in their abilities

question

Brain studies such as MRIs and PET scans are necessary to confirm a diagnosis of ADHD A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

ADHD is a category under which students may receive IDEA services A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

all students with ADHD are distractible, inattentive, and hyperactive A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

A number of commercial remedial materials designed to train various perceptual processses have been found to be effective in treating disorders in perception A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

A proposed alternative to perceptual motor training is to: A. remediate attention problems instead B. focus on direct instruction in the affected academic areas C. plan instruction in skills not affected by visuals and auditory perception problems D. provide accommodations to assist the child in functions that require reading and writing

answer

B. focus on direct instruction in the affected academic areas

question

handwriting requires that the learning integrate the use of A. tactile and visual skills B. auditory and visual skills C. visual and motor skills D. verbal and visual skills

answer

C. visual and motor skills

question

the theory that describes the flow of knowledge into and out of a person's memory is called: A. information processing theory B. developmental learning theory C. behavioral theory D. constructivism

answer

A. information processing theory

question

attention capability is affected by the voluntary nature of the tasks demands; the more involuntary demands of the task, the less effort is required to attend to it A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

perception is dependent on the ability to store and retrieve concepts in long-term memory A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

when students exhibit problems in perception, it probably means that their hearing or vision may be defective A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

young children who have learned the concept of object recognition frequently have problems with letter identification because they have not yet developed an understanding of the meaning of spatial relations A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

test that yield a global visual perception or visual-motor score have proven to be useful in planning remediation activities A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

given the research on learning styles, an appropriate use of learning styles theory is to: A. assess every student's learning style B. design instruction that provides a variety of ways for learners to develop their knowledge and skills C. design individual learning activities for each student to match each student's learning style D. determine the predominant learning style in the class and teach to that style

answer

B. design instruction that provides a variety of ways for learners to develop their knowledge and skills

question

behaviors learned through the observation of others, as well as from observing the direct consequences of those behaviors in others, is a reflection of what learning theory? A. natural learning theory B. social learning theory C. behavioral theory D. the theory of "first hand experience"

answer

B. social learning theory

question

problem solving and independent learning require increased levels of external locus of control A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

experiences with failure tend to result in student's lowering their goals and reducing their effort A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

students with mild disabilities frequently develop and retain an external locus of control; this is a concern to teachers because: A. the students want to be outside instead of in class B. the students become resistant to peer pressure C. the students try to force their opinions and wishes on others D. this hinders their independent learning skills and problem solving

answer

D. this hinders their independent learning skills and problem solving

question

students with mild disabilities generally need more time than is provided to achieve full learning A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

a history of intensive teacher can help promote learned helplessness A. true B, false

answer

A. true

question

motivation only encourages one to do what one is capable of doing A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

maximizing academic learning time is essential for students with mild disabilities whose learning rate is generally slower than other students. factors of concern to teachers should include all of the following EXCEPT: A. starting school as early as possible in the morning to capitalize on the students' energy B. reducing transition time between learning activities through efficient management techniques C. minimizing the time lost in moving from general education classes to special classes D. planning activities to actively involve the learners and minimize losses due to inattention

answer

A. starting school as early as possible in the morning to capitalize on the students' energy

question

the intrinsic source of of motivation that is least likely to provide strong motivation for students with mild disabilities is______ A. relatedness B. competence C. self-determination D. none of the above

answer

B. competence

question

reaching plateaus in academic learning is a serious concern primarily when working with __ age students A. preschool B. primary C. secondary D. all ages of students

answer

C. secondary

question

extrinsic motivation frequently leads to significant learning A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

individuals with mild disabilities tend to believe that their efforts are relevant and determine outcomes A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

individuals with mild disabilities tend to attribute their successes and failures to forces outside themselves A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

an example of extrinsic motivation is: A. trying to avoid punishment B. developing skills in a new task C. learning to do something for yourself D. playing the game by the rules so that the others will let you play with them

answer

A. trying to avoid punishment

question

the need of adolescents to achieve self-determination is compromised by their disabilities for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A. they have fewer opportunities to experience autonomous decision-making skills B. their deficits in self-regulation lead others to protect them from dangers C. they are expected to participate in their own educational and transition planning D. their experience with failure leads them to doubt their ability to take care of themselves

answer

C. they are expected to participate in their own educational and transition planning

question

research indicates that the majority of time spent by students in school meets the requirements of academic learning time A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

we can only infer that learning has occurred from observing the performance and behavior of the learner A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

john has passed his master test on his multiplication facts, demonstrating the ability to provide the correct answers reliably in less than two seconds. his teacher should now plan practice with activities with the goal of helping him to A. retain the skill over time B. using the skill in other settings C. learn a new skill D. retain and generalize the skill in other applications

answer

D. retain and generalize the skill in other applications

question

fluency and automatically of response is the goal of the __ stage of learning A. proficiency B. maintenance C. generalization D. adaptation

answer

A. proficiency

question

therapeutic services for children with emotional or behavioral disorders have been in existence since the early 1800s A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

in the first half of the 1900s, efforts at providing therapeutic services for children with mental illnesses were based on some or all of the following premises EXCEPT A. disturbances were attributed to brain disorders and physical disease B. the mental hygiene movement focused attention on all problem behaviors, regardless of severity, from a mutlidisciplinary ecological perspective C. the milieu in which treatment takes place as part of the therapeutic intervention D. stern discipilinary procedures are required to lead to behavioral change

answer

D. stern discipilinary procedures are required to lead to behavioral change

question

it is our knowledge of ____ that causes us to vary our speech and writing to fit particular situations A. phonology B. semantics C. pragmatics D. syntax

answer

C. pragmatics

question

according to Grice(1989) a ¨Cooperative Principle¨ must be at work when two people engage in a communicative interaction A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

children with emotional or behavioral disorders are more likely to display problems in A. morphology B. syntax C. semantics D. pragmatics

answer

D. pragmatics

question

the comprehension channel is referred to as expressive language A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the production channel uses the functions of A. speaking and writing B. listening and reading C. speaking and listening D. reading and writing

answer

A. speaking and writing

question

pragmatics is the language skill that combines A. competence(or knowledge) and performance B. receptive language and expressive language C. syntax and semantics D. phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics

answer

A. competence(or knowledge) and performance

question

as a group, students with an intelectual disability tend to develop language A. more slowly than their peers but with the same level of skill at each stage of development B. more slowly than their peers and with qualitative differences developing later C. only with extensive speech intervention D. at the same rate as peers but with qualitative differences

answer

B. more slowly than their peers and with qualitative differences developing later

question

the linguist sees language as a set of sentences following particular rules; the functionalist sees language as a vehicle of social competence A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

the comprehension channel is referred to as expressive language A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the production channel uses the functions of A. speaking and writing B. listening and reading C. speaking and listening D. reading and writing

answer

A. speaking and writing

question

pragmatics is the language skill that combines A. competence(or knowledge) and performance B. receptive language and expressive language C. syntax and semantics D. phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics

answer

A. competence(or knowledge) and performance

question

as a group, students with intelectual disability tend to develop language A. more slowly than their peers but with the same level of skill at each stage of development B. more slowly than their peers and with qualitative differences developing later C. only with extensive speech intervention D. at the same rate as peers but with qualitative differences

answer

B. more slowly than their peers and with qualitative differences developing later

question

the linguist sees language as a set of sentences following particular rules; the functionalist sees the language as a vehicle of social competence A. true B, false

answer

A. true

question

the smallest unit of a language that retains meaning is a A. phoneme B. grapheme C. sentence D. morpheme

answer

D. morpheme

question

pragmatics combine knowledge with use A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

students with learning disabilities frequently display problems associated with A. receptive language, as well as inner language B. receptive and expressive language C. inner language and expressive language D. receptive, expressive, and inner language

answer

D. receptive, expressive, and inner language

question

reading is the expressive language process that utilizes both visual and auditory abilities to derive meaning from language symbols found in written text A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

languages must be correct with respect to form and content in order to be adaptive for individuals A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

problems in syntax will create all of the following problems for the learning EXCEPT A. spelling problems B. communicating clearly in writing and speech C. deriving meaning from written text using context clues D. conveying messages skillfully in language to others

answer

A. spelling problems

question

speaking is the expressive language process used to encode thoughts so they can be communicated orally to others A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

the production channel is referred to as receptive language A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

the comprehensive channel is used to A. process visual information meaningfully B. process auditory stimuli and derive meaning C. receive information from the environment D. relay information about one's thoughts/feelings to others in the environment

answer

C. receive information from the environment

question

pragmatics integrates all of the levels of language except for the use of rules governing language in context A. true B. false

answer

B. false

question

focusing on techniques to teach phonetic decoding or sight word recognition to students with reading disabilities may result in students being able to decode well and yet not achieve the primary purpose of reading-comprehension A. true B. false

answer

A. true

question

reading and listening are both___ processes A. auditory B. decoding C. encoding D. visual

answer

B. decoding

question

Skill deficits are identified when individuals have difficulty determining when to use a particular skill A. True B. False

answer

False

question

which of the following is not generally true of students with significant maladaptive behaviors A. learners with maladaptive behaviors are more likely than other learners to fail classes in school B. Learners with maladaptive behaviors are more likely than other learners to drop out of school C. Learners with maladaptive behaviors are more likely than other learners with other disabilities to be placed in general education classrooms D. Learners with maladaptive behaviors frequently exhibit symptoms of depression

answer

C. Learners with maladaptive behaviors are more likely than other learners with other disabilities to be placed in general education classrooms

question

The developmental perspective describes the manner in which typical social characteristics involve A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

with regard to social cognition, students with mild disabilities tend to: A. Have much less trouble functioning than they do in academic learning B. Be able to manage their social responses, despite their disability C. Demonstrate considerable variability in their social functioning D. Display deficits in developing age-appropriate social cognitive skills

answer

D. Display deficits in developing age-appropriate social cognitive skills

question

The perspective that focuses on the reciprocal relationship between the learner and the environment as an explanation for the observed behavior is: A. The ecological perspective B. A biophysical perspective C. A developmental perspective D. The environmental perspective

answer

A. The ecological perspective

question

Initially, children view events as if their view were the only perspective A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

Studies indicate that maladaptive behaviors or psychiatric diagnoses do not often coexist with other disabilities such as mental retardation, learning disabilities, or ADHD A.True B.False

answer

B.False

question

Social behaviors develop independently of cognitive development A.True B.False

answer

B.False

question

Social skill is the ability to receive and interpret social information A.True B.False

answer

B.False

question

The ecological perspective suggests that all behavior can be interpreted in light of interactions between the individual, the environment, and the behavioral context A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

When students exhibit delays in social perspective taking it may mean that: A. We should expect that their social behaviors will also be similar to younger children B. They need to learn to be more empathetic C. They function in a socially isolated manner D. It will have little or no effect on their functioning in school environments

answer

A. We should expect that their social behaviors will also be similar to younger children

question

The ability to easily adapt one's behavior to a variety of settings and situations is called: A. Behavioral flexibility B. Newness panic C. Being susceptible to peer pressure D. Not having strong values

answer

A. Behavioral flexibility

question

The fact that a student has a disability may make it harder for them to resolve Erikson's Industry-Inferiority crisis successfully A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

Which of the following behaviors might be found in a youngster with a socialized aggressive conduct disorder? A. Threatening others B. Being passively negative C. Teasing D. Arguing

answer

B. Being passively negative

question

The manifestation of depression is different in children and adults A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

Which of the following explanations is identified in your text as a reason that a child may exhibit a restricted range of feelings and emotions A. The child watches too much television or video games B. The child is bored with activities at school C. The child may be growing up in a home effected by alcohol or drug dependency D. The child has naturally retiring disposition

answer

C. The child may be growing up in a home effected by alcohol or drug dependency

question

Students who carefully observe others in the environment and model their behaviors closely after what they see others do are most appropriately described as: A. Only children B. Socially field dependent C. Exhibiting reflectivity in their social interactions D. Hesitant

answer

B. Socially field dependent

question

Individuals at the early stages of emotional development exhibit more concern with the effect of events and their own activities on others(and society) A.True B.False

answer

B.False

question

General personal competence derives from the interaction of physical competence, conceptual intelligence, and social competence A.True B.False

answer

A.True

question

Which of the following behaviors would be considered a characteristic of an undersocialized aggressive conduct disorder? A. Stealing B. Substance abuse C. Gang activity D. Fighting

answer

D. Fighting

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