question

Which factor is fundamentally responsible for the character of arctic tundra soils?

answer

permafrost

question

Which statement about tropical forests is true?

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tropical forest structure consists of distinct layers that provide many different habitats.

question

the adaptations of pronghorns

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to open country could be a disadvantage in a densely forested environment

question

You are reading the journal of an amateur naturalist who visited the Sonoran Desert in the last century. Which of his descriptions of desert plants would you question?

answer

a common annual that produces one large seed per plant.

question

All parts of the biosphere are linked by

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the global water cycle and nutrient cycles

question

most of the world's deserts are located at latitudes where

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cold, dry air moving toward the poles descends

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most of the best agriculture soils in the United States are found in areas that were formerly

answer

temperate grasslands

question

living things that live in the polar ice biome include

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mosses, lichens, seals, and polar bears

question

which biome is dominated by coniferous trees adapted to surviving long, harsh winters and short, wet summers?

answer

coniferous forests

question

which statement about temperate broadleaf forests is true?

answer

oak, hickory, birch, beech, and maple are common trees in temperate broadleaf forests.

question

which ocean zone describes the interface between ocean and land

answer

inter tidal

question

the immediate results of the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers included ________, but long-term results included ___________.

answer

dramatic increases in crop yields; the evolution of of pest resistance

question

which environmental factor has a direct effect on an organism's rate of water loss by evaporation?

answer

wind

question

the tropics are a region where air

answer

rises ans cools, dropping rain

question

a "rain shadow" describes

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mountainous areas where dry descending air absorbs moisture and there is little precipitation

question

which is the correct pairing of a biome and its characteristics

answer

tundra- very cold winters, only the upper layer of the soil thaws during the summer

question

the kind of vegetation in a tropical rain forest is generally determined by the amount of

answer

rainfall

question

which biome is characterized by large, grazing mammals

answer

temperate grassland

question

the area where fresh water and seawater mix is called a(n)

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estuary

question

species in widely separated but similar biomes often appear to display similar characteristics because of

answer

convergent evolution

question

a student is studying and someone turns on a stereo in the background;this breaks the student's concentration. however, as the stereo continues to play the student begins to study successfully without broken concentration. the student is demonstrating

answer

habituation

question

squirrels seem to be able to figure out how to steal seeds from bird feeders no matter what people do to try to stop them. one day, jeremy put out a bird feeder with a new design, and sure enough, by the end of the day the squirrels were snacking on the seeds. the squirrels most likely figured out how to get the seeds through

answer

trial-and-error learning

question

which situation represents an example of territorial behavior

answer

gannets breed in dense colonies. each gannet defends the area within the beak's reach of its nest, but gannets feeding at sea are indifferent to each other

question

many rats were tested for their ability to learn to navigate a maze. the average number of errors, for a total of 14 trials, was 64 per rat. the rats that made the fewest errors were bred to each other, and the offspring were tested in a similar way. this process was repeated for seven generations at which point the average number of errors for 14 trails was 36. this experiment demonstrates that

answer

maze-learning ability has a genetic basis

question

a big difference between social learning and imprinting is that

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social learning is not limited to a sensitive period

question

which situation could represent kin selection in action

answer

you help your brother pay for his children's college tuition, even though he may not be able to pay you back

question

territories are typically used for activities such as

answer

feeding, mating, and rearing young

question

you are told that the song of males among a particular songbird, species has an innate component but is also largely learned. nestling males imprint on their father's song and then sing it themselves when they reach sexual maturity. which observation would lead you to doubt this information

answer

a male chick who is reared in isolation but introduced as an older juvenile into an aviary containing normal males of his species sings his species song

question

which behavior is an example of a fixed action pattern

answer

the way a greylag goose retrieves an egg that has rolled out of the nest

question

pecking order in chickens is an example of

answer

dominance hierarchy

question

from a sociobiological perspective altruism is a behavior that

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can potentially enhance the altruists fitness

question

an insectivorous bird has the choice of eating 1 meadow beetles, which are abundant and large but expose the bird to hawk predation 2 under-a-rock-beetles which are large and fatty but hard to obtain, or 3 under-a-leaf beetles which are easy to obtain but small, the bird has nestlings to feed. as an optimal forager, it will

answer

eat all three kinds of beetles, balancing the energy spent and the risks incurred against the energy gained

question

baby bobcats watched as their mother stalked a rabbit and pounced catching a meal that was shared by all. the next day two of the young bobcats were seen stalking a field mouse, which easily escaped from the inexperienced hunters, the young bobcats were learning how to hunt by

answer

social learning

question

which statement regarding behavior is true

answer

a fixed action pattern is under strong genetic control

question

the sending of reception of and response to signals constitute animal

answer

communication

question

which tern broadly describes any kind of interaction between two or more animals

answer

social behavior

question

human social behavior appears to be

answer

a product of our genes, external influences, and environment

question

when building a nest, a female fishers lovebird cuts long strips of vegetation and carries them to the nest site one at a time in her beak. the female peach faced lovebird cuts short strips and carries them to the nest tucked under her back feathers. hybird female offspring cut intermediate sized strips and attempt to tuck them under back feathers before carrying them in their beak. what does this demonstrate about behavior

answer

there is a genetic basis to behavior

question

agonistic behavior

answer

is typically used to determine access to food, mates, or territories

question

when a nipple is placed in a newborns baby mouth the infant will immediately begin to suckle this is an example of

answer

innate behavior

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