Question 1

Jane\'s \"baby teddy\" is kept in her mother\'s car to help calm her down when she has to go to daycare. This \"baby teddy\" is her _________ object.

Accepted Answer

Transitional

Question 2

Adam is getting pretty good with the joystick that guides his favorite computer game. This activity relies on his _____ motor skills.

Accepted Answer

Fine

Question 3

Pedro has become proficient in kicking the soccer ball into the goal net. This ability relies on his _____ motor skills.

Accepted Answer

Gross

Question 4

Given the increased concern about obesity, many parents want to start their young children in sports to get them moving. According to the textbook, what is the youngest age at which parents should encourage their children to participate in an organized sport such as soccer or baseball?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 5

A clear preference for handedness is usually evident by ___ months of age.

Accepted Answer

36

Question 6

The deadliest disease for children under the age of 5 worldwide is:

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia

Question 7

Which of the following statements about malnutrition in early childhood is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The effect of malnutrition on growth is irreversible

Question 8

The recent rise in food allergies in children is hypothesized to be due to several things. Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Question 9

Which of the following statements about children\'s accidental injuries is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Safer storage of firearms, as required by law in several states, has done little to improve child safety.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding sleep patterns across cultures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

All known cultures utilize some form of naptimes

Question 11

Research indicates that disparities associated with U.S. children\'s health persist, particularly with the nation\'s poor and near-poor families. Disparities affecting children in the United States include:

Accepted Answer

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 12

Bonnie has apparently awakened from a deep sleep. She is staring ahead and breathing quickly. When asked if she has had a bad dream, she doesn\'t answer but promptly lies back down and falls asleep. The next morning, she has no recollection of the experience. Bonnie experienced a:

Accepted Answer

Sleep terror

Question 13

Enuresis is the medical term for:

Accepted Answer

Bed-wetting

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT typically a factor in enuresis?

Accepted Answer

Emotional stress

Question 15

As preschoolers develop gross and fine motor skills, they continually merge abilities they already have with those that they are acquiring in order to produce more complex abilities. Such combinations of skills are known as:

Accepted Answer

Systems of action

Question 16

The pre-operational stage of cognitive development marks a major qualitative leap in thinking because it ushers in

Accepted Answer

The use of symbolic thought

Question 17

Tatiana\'s older sister, Jenny, wore a witch costume for Halloween. Even though Jenny looked like a witch, Tatiana understood that she was really her sister. The achievement of pre-operational thought requires:

Accepted Answer

the understanding of identities

Question 18

Children often don\'t use deductive reasoning; they just jump from one idea to another and see causes where none exist. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Transductive reasoning

Question 19

Three year old Austin is playing with his cars. He puts all the red cars in one area and the rest of the cars in another area. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Classification

Question 20

Pre-operational children tend to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, leading to illogical conclusions. Piaget called this tendency?

Accepted Answer

Centration

Question 21

Derek\'s parents are happy to be buying a new car, but he\'s enthusiastic. He tells his parents that it isn\'t fair that they are getting rid of the old car after all the car has done for them. Derek is demonstrating ______ in his thinking.

Accepted Answer

Animism

Question 22

Ms. Wang is working with her first grade students on a math problem. She asks them who has more crayons: Jamie who has five crayons or Juan who has seven. Ms. Wang assumes that her students have acquired ________.

Accepted Answer

Ordinality

Question 23

Callie does not realize that she needs to turn the book so that her father can see it. She can see it just fine. This is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism

Question 24

Ivan watches his mother take some clay from a small box. She rolls the clay into a long, thin shape. Ivan says, \"But mommy, not the clay will not fit back in the box!\" Ivan\'s statement illustrates _______.

Accepted Answer

Irreversibility.

Question 25

Timothy doesn\'t understand that transforming the shape of a liquid (by pouring it from one container into another) doesn\'t change the amount of the liquid. This represents which limitation in pre-operational thought?

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 26

Vygotsky\'s theory of cognitive development describes scaffolding as

Accepted Answer

Support most needed by children of low ability, a technique that reflects parental sensitivity to children\'s competence, and temporary parental support provided to a child as he/she attempts to complete a task.

Question 27

Sheena knows what her mother will think when she comes into the room and sees the mess that she and her friends have made. Sheena\'s awareness of her mental processes and those of other people is called _______.

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind

Question 28

A disorder in which children lack a theory of mind is _______.

Accepted Answer

Autism

Question 29

Three year old Molly\'s family took her to the circus six months ago, and she still remembers meeting the clowns. Which type of memory is Molly demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Recognition

Question 30

When information is needed, David searches his mind looking for the answer and then writes it down. David\'s search is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Retrieval

Question 31

A major weakness of the cognitive developmental theory when explaining gender differences is that:

Accepted Answer

Children often act in \"gender appropriate\" ways before they achieve gender constancy

Question 32

Marcus comments on how some children in his class pick up on the feelings of characters in books, whereas other children never seem to figure out how the characters are feeling. Individual differences in understanding conflicting emotions:

Accepted Answer

May reflect differences among families in the amount and type of discussion of why people behave the way they do.

Question 33

Behaviors, interests, attitudes, and skills considered appropriate for females and males in a given culture are:

Accepted Answer

Called gender roles

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a typical aspect of self-definition in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Being self-critical, while maintaining a positive overall self-concept.

Question 35

If Sally\'s parents want her to stop misbehaving, research suggests that they should:

Accepted Answer

Reinforce good behavior and focus less on misbehavior

Question 36

Children who are punished harshly may:

Accepted Answer

have trouble interpreting other people\'s actions and words, later act aggressively, and become passive because they feel helpless

Question 37

Dakota is using blocks to make a house and a garage. According to Piaget\'s categorization, Dakota is engaged in:

Accepted Answer

Constructive play

Question 38

Seligman\'s groundbreaking research involved shocking dogs in either an \"escape\" or \"no escape\" condition. After several trials, the dogs in the \"no escape\" condition ceased trying to escape the shocks. This demonstrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

Learned helplessness

Question 39

At Jason\'s birthday party, all of the children are playing with toy cars in the backyard. Although the children are sitting near one another, each child is playing separately with his or her selected cars. Parent would describe this as ________ play.

Accepted Answer

Parallel playing

Question 40

Since Baumrind\'s findings are based on ____ research, they don\'t show that styles of child rearing cause children to be more or less competent.

Accepted Answer

Correlational

Question 41

Which of the following statements regarding current children\'s books is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Male characters predominate children\'s books, females are more often portrayed as more nurturing in children\'s books, and children\'s books continue to display many gender stereotypes.

Question 42

Research suggests that boys use _____ aggression, and girls use ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

Covert and relational

Question 43

In Erikson\'s theory, which of the following parental behaviors is LEAST likely to help children achieve a healthy balance between initiative and guilt?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing strict obedience

Question 44

Researchers who studied sibling relationships in young children over several years concluded that:

Accepted Answer

Most sibling behavior is play-oriented and prosocial rather than competitive

Question 45

_______ tests do not measure a child\'s native ability, they ______ intelligence from what children already know.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence, infer

Question 46

With regard to the kinds of abilities evaluated by IQ tests, Robert Sternberg and other critics of these tests maintain that IQ tests:

Accepted Answer

Neglect nonacademic aspects of intelligence such as social skills and self-knowledge

Question 47

Reading that emphasizes decoding of unfamiliar words is also called the ______ approach

Accepted Answer

phonetic

Question 48

Which of the following characteristics is a definition of giftedness?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 49

Nick\'s third-grade teacher observes that he is impulsive, inattentive, unable to tolerate frustration, prone to temper tantrums, and unable to sit still during class. Which disorder does Nick meet criteria for?

Accepted Answer

ADHD

Question 50

A network of community resources that children and families can draw upon is called the ______ capital.

Accepted Answer

Social

Question 51

Mia can complete all levels of conversation tasks and reverse processes but she can\'t use hypo deductive and inductive reasoning. According to Piaget, Mia is most likely at what stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational

Question 52

Research on gender differences between school performance indicates that girls tend to:

Accepted Answer

Have better classroom behaviors, have less confidence, and be less likely to repeat grades (all of the above)

Question 53

Children who do well in school often have parents who are ______ and who stress ______ rewards for doing good work.

Accepted Answer

Authoritative; intrinsic

Question 54

Roberto says, \"All dogs bark. Spot is a dog. Therefore, Spot barks.\" this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

deductive reasoning

Question 55

____________ is the automatic advancement of children from one grade to another even if they do not meet academic standards for the grade they are leaving.

Accepted Answer

Social promotion

Question 56

Pablo, who speaks spanish, is in a second-language education class where he interacts with english-speaking and spanish-speaking students in both English and Spanish. This method of second-language education is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Two-way learning

Question 57

As children get older, they improve their memory by:

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Question 58

According to Piaget\'s theory, which of the following statements about moral development is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Children move from flexible to rigid thinking in their moral development

Question 59

One problem with administering intelligence tests to school-age children is that:

Accepted Answer

These tests may be culturally biased

Question 60

Randolph says, \"I am fast at getting my homework done, but I\'m slow at doing chores around the house. I guess I\'m sometimes a speedy, sometimes slow person.\" Randolph\'s ability to think of himself in more than one dimension relies on the maturation of:

Accepted Answer

Representational systems

Question 61

According to Erikson, a major determinant of self-esteem in middle childhood is a child\'s view of his or her capacity to:

Accepted Answer

Complete productive work

Question 62

As discussed in my textbook, which of the following is NOT an African American extended-family trandition?

Accepted Answer

Little contact with relatives

Question 63

Which of the following coregulation attempts is an appeal to moral values?

Accepted Answer

\"A big boy like you shouldn\'t sit on the train while an elderly person stands.\"

Question 64

Which of the following statements is correct regarding poverty and children?

Accepted Answer

In the US the african american population has the highest percentage of children living in poverty

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