Test Answers on Environmental Health Analysis – Flashcards

the study of how environmental factors affect human health and the quality of life

something that threatens or is harmful to human health

a disease- causing organism

the study of disease in human populations

the study of how poisonous substances affect an organism’s health

the degree to which a substance is harmful to an organism

the level of exposure to a pollutant or other hazardous substance

the effect on an organism of exposure to a pollutant or other hazardous substances

the effect of an organism at different levels of exposure to a pollutant or other hazardous substance

the probability that a hazard will cause a harmful response

the process of measuring risk

viruses, bacteria and other organisms in the environment that harm health (living)

hazards that result from where we live, our jobs, or our lifestyle choices. (smoking,drinking) (choice to get rid off)

chemicals in the environment that harm human health (synthetic, caused by humans)

physical processes that pose health hazards including natural disasters (hurricanes, tornadoes, storms)

biological, social, physical, and chemical

scientist who study how and where disease occur and how to control

an earthquake is an example of a ___.

Environmental health is the study of how environmental factors affect human health and ___.

Explain the difference between social hazards such as smoking and living near a factory that releases harmful chemicals into the water.

List three examples of physical hazards.

which two factors does toxicity depend on?

People respond DIFFERENTLY to the same environmental hazards.

People with compromised immune systems are often LESS sensitive to biological and chemical hazards than healthy people.

Many diseases have EITHER genetic OR environmental factors

explain why someone who eats healthy food and does not smoke may still develop a disease such as cancer.

explain why alcohol use may cause damage to a developing fetus even though it may not harm the health of the mother.

what are three examples of pathogens?

why do people respond differently to environmental hazards?

a disease caused by pathogens

a disease that has appeared in the human population for the first time or has existed for a while but is increasing or spreading quickly.

infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, which are ___ hazards.

pathogens spread through the human population by humans, water/food, or by ___.

organisms such as ticks and mosquitoes serve as ___ for infectious diseases by carrying pathogens.

people who are infected with TB release bacteria- laden droplets into the ___ when they cough, sneeze, speak, and spit.

Developed nations greatly reduce the risk of infectious diseases through the use of ___ treatment facilities that treat sewage to reduce the incidences of diseases such as cholera.

transmitted when a person comes into contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person

spread through droplets in the air

gets into water ways through human feces and sewage contamination

female mosquitoes (carriers)

an emerging disease is a disease that appears for the first time or has existed for a while and is increasing SLOWLY around the world.

A PANDEMIC is an outbreak of a disease that becomes widespread and affects the whole region or even the entire world.

H1N1 is an example of an emerging disease

some diseases, such as TB, are becoming resistant to PATHOGENS due to natural selection

In the US, the WHO is the primary national center for responding to emerging diseases

if global temperatures FALL, tropical diseases will expand into new formerly cool areas.

why are emerging diseases a cause for concern?

explain how the climate change may encourage an increase in the spread of disease.

why is it important that international and local government agencies work together to control the spread of emerging diseases

name three examples of social hazards

explain how smoke can be a hazard to someone even if he/she does not smoke.

matter or energy that is harmful to the environment

a chemical that causes cancer

a substance or disease that prevents a fetus or an embryo from forming normally

a chemical that harms the nervous system

a mineral that forms long, thin, microscopic fibers; used as an insulator against heat and sound

a colorless, highly toxic radioactive gas

the buildup of large concentrations of poisons in the body

increased concentrations of a pollutants at each step of the food chain

define “chemical hazard”

are chemical hazards and pollutants the same thing? why or why not?

chemical hazards affect human health in different ways. some heavy metals act as a ___ that can cause slurred speech or loss of muscle control.

chemicals that cause cancer are known as ___.

some chemicals that do not harm adults are still hazards if they affect the development of human embryos. this type of chemical hazard is a ___.

why are carcinogens difficult for toxicologist to identify?

explain what a mutagen is and its possible effects?

describe some common allergens and explain how they harm people.