Academic style

True or false: We all belong to discourse communities

True or False: The technique of fastwriting requires you to write down whatever comes into your head without worrying about eloquence or grammar.

True or False: Research papers can not be published as podcasts, blogs, or wikis.

True or False: To think like an academic writer, you do research because you already know what you think and want to prove it.

Whatever the genre, writers write with information. There are essentially ______ number of sources of information for nonfiction. - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6

True or False: Insight is the result of conversation in which the writer assumes at least one role: believer, doubter, generator, or judge.

True or False: When you write a research paper, the information must be more purposeful than simply reporting what's known about a specific topic.

True or False: A research paper and a research report are basically the same thing.

True or False: Academic inquiry begins with answers, not questions.

True or False: Both Modern Language Association (MLA) and American Psychological Association (APA) research conventions are included in your textbook, The Curious Researcher.

Which of the following is NOT an effective reading strategy for research writers: - First develop a working knowledge - Let your own purposes guide: example, context, challenge - Find evidence to support your presumptions about your topic - Read with a pen in your hand

True or False: A clear, narrow research question is the one thing that will give you the most traction when trying to get your research project moving forward.

To develop a working knowledge of your topic, you should work from: - More general information to more specific information - More specific information to more general information - Neither A or B - Both A and B

True or False: When generating a good research topic, you should begin with a preconceived answer.

What makes a question researchable? - It's not too big or too small. - It interests the researcher. - Some people have a stake in the answer. - It raises more questions. - All of the above

Successful strategies to help narrow your subject include: - Limiting the time frame of your subject - Connecting your subject to a specific place - Using the particulars of a person to reveal generalities about a group or larger subject - All of the above

There are _____ primary categories of inquiry questions that often lead to judgment and can sustain inquiry over time. - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6

Reading rhetorically means: - Recognizing how certain kinds of texts are organized and where to look for the information you need. - Knowing the intended audience for a certain kind of text and what kinds of evidence are most persuasive for that audience. - Quickly making adjustments when you encounter unfamiliar genres and changing your reading strategy to make the most of those genres. - All of the above.

The most essential ingredient in your research paper is: - Perfection - Absolutism - Intrique - Curiosity

The most important resource in the library is the: - Archived magazines - Reference librarian - Card catalog - Microfiche

An example of a source that is NOT primary is: - Speech - Autobiography - Biography - Letter

True or False: Secondary sources analyze somebody else's work.

True or False: How you phrase your search of a library database or the World Wide Web makes an enormous difference in the results.

True or False: The highest-quality sources are those found in trade books.

True or False: A primary source must present the original words of an writer.

A sound research strategy includes: - Find enough information to fully explore a narrowly focused topic - Find varied sources - Find quality sources - All of the above

You are most likely to find peer-reviewed articles, the highest-quality source, in: - Encyclopedias - Academic journals - Specialized magazines - Trade books

When evaluating online sources, all of the following are true EXCEPT: - Evaluate a website without a specific purpose in mind - Favor authored documents over those without an author - Favor governmental websites over commercial websites - Favor websites that have been recently updated

True or False: Google alone is plenty for academic research.

An example of a secondary source is: - Observation-based scientific study - Speech - Autobiography - A review of a scientific study

True or False: Interviews are wonderful tools for clearing up your own confusion and getting specific information that is unavailable anywhere else.

True or False: The Library of Congress system is more common in college libraries than the Dewey Decimal system.

True or False: All search engines are the same

Specialized search engines are also called: - Vertical search engines - Horizontal search engines - Lateral search engines - Diagonal search engines

True or False: National newspapers are among the most authoritative journalistic sources

True or False: When preparing for an interview, you want to compile two lists of questions: specific questions and open-ended questions.

True or False: Nonexperts effected by your topic can provide useful information in an interview setting.

To find experts to interview you can: - Check the phone book - Ask the people you regularly socialize with, including friends and instructors - Check the faculty directory - Check the Encyclopedia of Associations - All of the above

True or False: While the Dewey Decimal library system only uses numbers, the Library of Congress system only uses letters.

True or False: Fieldwork is data that comes from observation.

Which of the following is an effective strategy for retaining a strong presence in your work even when using the words of others: - Quote selectively - Provide a context - Follow up - All of the above

True or False: In a college research paper, you should quote extensively.

A summary is: - An expansion of an idea, argument, or theme into something more complex - One specific detail or fact explored in depth - A reduction of longer material into a brief statement that captures a basic idea, argument, or theme from the original - A review of a short piece of text

True or False: Writing in the middle, during the note-taking stage, helps sharpen your thinking on your topic and avoid unintentional plagiarism.

True or False: Note-taking is inefficient and slows you down.

True or False: The note-taking stage may be as important as, if not more important than, the writing that takes place at the end.

True or False: Paraphrasing demands that you make your own sense of something.

Scholar Amy England suggests that you consider something common knowledge if you find the exact some information in ____ or more different sources. - three - four - five - six

True or False: Plagiarism is using information or ideas from any source that is not common knowledge and failing to acknowledge the source.

True or False: The concern over plagiarism is a lot of fuss that reflects English teacher's obsession with enforcing rules.

True or False: The key to writing a strong research paper is making the information your own.

Advanced Internet searching techniques include: - Varying search terms - Varying search engines - Using advanced search features like Boolean operators AND and OR B and C - A, B, and C

True or False: A double-entry journal and a research log are the same thing.

True or False: The U.S. government is the largest publisher in the world.

Advanced library searching techniques include: - Bibliographies - Interlibrary loan services - Government documents - A and B - A, B, and C

True or False: The standard format of the research log can serve as a template, which can be retrieved whenever you are ready to take notes on another source.

True or False: Narrative note-taking is more complex that the double-entry journal and the research log strategies.

A double-entry journal uses two pages or two columns on one page to document: - Notes from a source and the original author's credentials - Notes from a source and your fast write response - Notes from a source and its bibliographic information - Notes from a source and another author's critique of the original source

Which of the following is considered an alternative source: - Blogs - Images - Government websites - A and B - None of the above

True or False: In your double-entry journal the information in both the left-hand column and the right-hand column should be fairly formal.

True or False: You should always have the structure of your essay set in place before you begin the drafting process.

True or False: The delayed thesis structure is commonly used with the exploratory essay structure.

You may choose to write an exploratory essay if: - Your research has uncovered a persuasive answer to your research question - Your research is very narrowly focused - You are less concerned with trying to get readers to think or do something than appreciate what you find interesting about your topic - None of the above

An unfocused and uninformative first draft is often the result of: - A simple topic - Scanty research - A boring topic - Uninspired writing

You may choose to write an argument essay if: - Your discoveries in the past few weeks may have convinced you that a certain answer to your research question is particularly persuasive. - Your research is inconclusive - You're not ready to make a judgment about the best answer to your research question - None of the above

Nearly any academic research paper will include: - A S.O.F.T.—a point, claim, thesis—one main thing you are trying to say about the research question - A review of what has already been said by others about your topic - Specific information—evidence/data on which your interpretations, conclusions, etc. are based - A method of reasoning through your research question - All of the above

True or False: When using the question-claim structure, the answer to your research question should appear toward the beginning of your essay.

True or False: Hierarchy is always the best way to organize information.

True or False: The question-claim structure is commonly used with the argument essay structure.

If you use the delayed thesis structure in writing your essay, you: - Use a very specific thesis statement to prove your research question - Use the information from your research to think through your research question - Use the information from your research to intentionally disprove your research question - None of the above

To help figure out the common ground you share with your readers, ask yourself: - What are my readers' own experiences with my topic? - Is there some way in my paper I can show readers that it's relevant to them? - How can I help readers to see what they already know? - None of the above - All of the above

Not all endings are created equal. Avoid an ending that: - Restates what you have already said - Begins with signal words like "In conclusion" or "Thus" - Trails off into another topic - All of the above

After you write your lead, take some time to explore the ___ questions Ballinger outlines. - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5

True or False: Frequently, the best way to use quoted material is to graft it onto your own prose.

True or False: Typically you should introduce a quotation with some with some statement of intent.

True or False: A good ending should not add anything to the paper.

True or False: The stop and plop quotation is when you suddenly insert a quotation, especially one that might be paraphrased, into the middle of your own prose with attribution.

True or False: Unless your ideas are anchored to specific cases, observations, experiences, statistics, and people, they will be reduced to abstractions and lose their power for your reader.

Once you have chosen a lead, to keep your reader's attention: - Give your readers a sense of purpose throughout the essay - Put a face on your topic - Emphasize what's less known about a topic or surprising - Find ways that your topic intersects with reader's own knowledge - All of the above

A quotation that is longer than four lines should be: - Italicized - Blocked - Underlined - Formatted the same as shorter quotes

A characteristic of writer-based prose is: Student Answer: An assumption that readers and writers share the same understanding about a topic An assumption that readers and writers share the same knowledge about a topic An assumption that certain things that should be explained don't need to be CORRECT All of the above

True or False: In reader-based prose, the writer has sufficiently addressed his/her assumptions about the reader's understanding and knowledge of the topic.

True or False: For coherence, all sentences within a paragraph should be about the same length.

True or False: So long as the writing is interesting, it is okay for a paragraph to include more than one main idea.

True or False: Revision begins and ends with concerns about language.

True or False: Revision requires you to try to see your draft from the reader's perspective.

True or False: Passive voice is always grammatically incorrect.

True or False: Telltale sign of passive voice is that it usually requires a form of the verb to be.

One way to see if your draft research essay is sufficiently reader-based is to determine whether it does ____ things that all essays must do. - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5

True or False: Revision is a process of re-seeing.

True or False: Commas belong inside quotation marks, not outside.

Select the option that correctly punctuations this sentence: "The perils of climate change _____ many." - The perils of climate change is many. - The perils of climate change are many.

Select the option that correctly punctuations this sentence: "The results of the science ______ yogurt may help improve digestive health." - The results of the science show yogurt may help improve digestive health. - The results of the science shows yogurt may help improve digestive health.

True or False: It is okay to use a visual image just to break up space in your research paper.

True or False: Blocked quotes require the use of quotation marks.

Select the option that correctly punctuations this sentence: "The scientists studies on lavender essential oil show it effectively supports relaxation." - The scientists' studies on lavender essential oil show it effectively supports relaxation. - The scientists's studies on lavender essential oil show it effectively supports relaxation. - Correct as is

Which of the following visual devices can be used to create a reader-friendly design for your research paper: - Subheadings - Bulleted lists - Block quotes - A and C only - A, B, and C

True or False: After mentioning the full name of someone in your paper, you should continue to always you the person's full name in subsequent references.

Select the option that correctly punctuations this sentence: "Tess laughter carried throughout the halls." - Tess' laughter carried throughout the halls. - Tess's laughter carried throughout the halls. - Correct as is

True or False: Periods belong outside quotation marks.