question

(T/F) Erikson, like Piaget, saw development as a passage through a series of interdependent stages.

answer

true

question

(T/F) Approximately two-thirds of people with eating disorders actually receive treatment and get help.

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false

question

(T/F) According to Erikson, children's first development crisis is resolving initiative vs. guilt.

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false

question

(T/F) Children's failure to gain a sense of industry may result in feelings of inferiority.

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true

question

(T/F) Adolescents who do not experiment with different identities or consider a range of options are experiencing identity diffusion.

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false

question

(T/F) According to Erikson, adolescents who are having difficulty with identity choices are experiencing a moratorium

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true

question

(T/F) A successful means of dealing with the adolescent identity crisis is identity foreclosure.

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false

question

(T/F) Children whose parents are divorcing can benefit from authoritative teachers.

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true

question

(T/F) The basic difference between self-concept and self-esteem is that self-concept is a cognitive structure while self-esteem is an affective structure

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true

question

(T/F) Learning in collaborative and cooperative settings affect self-esteem.

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true

question

(T/F) Research suggests boys' and girls' self-esteem slightly decreases as students transition to junior high.

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true

question

(T/F) Students' perceptions about their academic self-concepts are typically based on their actual abilities

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false

question

(T/F) Some children from different ethnic groups hear and accept messages that devalue their own group.

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true

question

(T/F) Ethnic heritage and pride are especially important influences on self-esteem.

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true

question

(T/F) Selman's view is that the development of perspective-taking continues from early childhood to adulthood.

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true

question

(T/F) Being recognized as a "good" child by one's parents is especially important at the preconventional stage of moral reasoning.

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false

question

(T/F) Aggression and assertiveness are synonymous behaviors.

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false

question

(T/F) Teachers should pay attention to which children are rejected and play alone

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true

question

(T/F) Research shows that boys enter puberty earlier than girls.

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false

question

(T/F) In general, European American girls mature at least two years earlier than African American girls or Mexican American girls.

answer

false

question

The emphasis in Erikson's stage theory is on

answer

the formation of a personal identity.

question

Children experiencing the Eriksonian conflict of trust vs. mistrust are also in what Piagetian stage?

answer

Sensorimotor

question

What does a conflict such as initiative vs. guilt represent in Erikson's theory?

answer

A developmental crisis

question

Sally is in the stage Erikson calls initiative vs. guilt. Her parents supervise her closely and direct all her activities. The danger is that Sally may

answer

have difficulty trusting her own judgement.

question

Children who experience autonomy are likely to become more

answer

self-reliant

question

The way that children resolve the autonomy vs. shame and doubt crisis influences their later sense of

answer

confidence in their own ablitities

question

The school and the neighborhood first become highly important influences during what Eriksonian stage?

answer

Industry vs. inferiority

question

As with most developmental crises, the resolution of the identity crisis

answer

may be an extended process

question

Seventeen-year-old Carl has considered several career options and has developed a firm career goal. Carl is experiencing identity

answer

achievement

question

June's mother always wanted to be an actress and started leading June in that direction at around age two. Now June sees herself as an actress and nothing else. In which of Erikson's stages is June?

answer

Identity foreclosure

question

Dependence on peers, parents, and others begins to change to independence during what identity status?

answer

Moratorium

question

Which one of Erikson's crises would you be LEAST likely to encounter in a K-12 classroom?

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Integrity vs. despair

question

The difference between self-concept and self-esteem is that

answer

self-concept is a cognitive structure while self-esteem is an affective reaction

question

The development of children's self-concept evolves by means of

answer

constant self-evaluation in many different situations.

question

The implication of the "Big Fish, Little Pond" idea is that

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children in "average" schools may feel better about their own abilities than those in "high-ability" schools.

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Research suggests that the relationship between self-esteem and success in school is a

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positive relationship

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Programs designed to increase students' self-esteem such as "Student of the Month" have

answer

had little effect on increasing self-esteem

question

Woolfolk has suggested that self-esteem is probably increased the most by

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demonstrating competence in valued knowledge domains

question

As children develop perspective-taking abilities, there is a gradual movement toward a state of

answer

morality of cooperation

question

What is the important base for moral reasoning in both women and men, according to relevant research?

answer

Concern for caring and justice

question

(T/F) The practice of labeling exceptional students is clearly detrimental and should be discontinued.

answer

false

question

(T/F) According to Gardner, minor brain damage can be expected to affect all types of functioning with fairly equal impact

answer

false

question

(T/F) Carroll's intelligence model contains over 70 specific abilities.

answer

true

question

(T/F)Solving a geometry problem will require students to use both their fluid and crystallized intelligences.

answer

true

question

(T/F) An individual who can retrieve information from his or her memory with great speed is demonstrating a high level of crystallized intelligence.

answer

false

question

(T/F) Intelligence scores are computed today as deviation IQs rather than ratio scores

answer

true

question

(T/F) A relatively small positive change in deviation IQ scores can often be explained as a real improvement in intellectual skills.

answer

false

question

(T/F) A disability and a handicap refer to the same condition

answer

false

question

(T/F) The inclusion concept requires that even students with severe handicaps must be placed in a regular classroom for at least part of the school day.

answer

false

question

(T/F) An IEP should be prepared by a team that includes the child's parents or guardians.

answer

true

question

(T/F) The largest category of students with disabilities includes students who are emotionally disabled.

answer

false

question

(T/F) More boys than girls are classified as hyperactive

answer

true

question

(T/F) Many children with hyperactivity are made more manageable by being given stimulant drugs.

answer

true

question

(T/F) An "oral" approach to communicating with children who have hearing impairments is speech reading

answer

true

question

(T/F) A student with mild retardation will be unlikely to read above the first-grade level.

answer

false

question

(T/F) The six dimensions of emotional/behavioral disorders include psychotic behavior

answer

true

question

(T/F) Section 504 is a state law (found in most states) that protects students against any type of discrimination.

answer

false

question

(T/F) Providing books on tape would be considered a reasonable accommodation under Section 504.

answer

true

question

(T/F) Schools who receive federal funds must develop a plan for students who want to participate in school activities but have participation limits due to a diagnosed medical or health disability

answer

true

question

(T/F) A student can be both gifted and learning disabled

answer

true

question

The major difference between a disability and a handicap is that a disability is an inability to do something specific, such as being unable to hear or to walk, while a handicap

answer

is a disadvantage in certain situations.

question

Which one of the following statements is TRUE about intelligence?

answer

It is theorized to be a collection of abilities by many psychologists.

question

According to the work of Cattell and Horn (1963, 1988), there are two types of intelligence

answer

fluid and crystalized

question

A teacher who knows how to effectively use cooperative learning in his or her classroom is demonstrating

answer

crystalized intelligence

question

What psychologist developed the concept of mental age?

answer

Binet

question

Most psychologists today believe that intelligence is influenced

answer

about equally by heredity and environment

question

Terman's classic study found that children who are gifted tend to be

answer

larger and stronger as adults than their peers

question

Research indicates that gifted students who were popular in school were

answer

less likely to maintain serious intellectual interests as adults.

question

Inclusion, as it relates to special education, means that students will

answer

participate in the typical subject-matter lessons in the school's regular classrooms.

question

What is the largest category of students with disabilities?

answer

students with an emotional handicap

question

Hyperactivity can be most accurately described as a

answer

variable set of conditions with differing sets of causes.

question

In treating hyperactivity, the medication that seems to work best is

answer

stimulants

question

Attention Deficit Disorder refers to a condition that

answer

affects an individual's ability to focus on tasks and/or be patient

question

Which one of the following situations is considered a language difference rather than a language disorder?

answer

speaking in a strong dialect

question

The trend today in educating students with mental retardation involves giving greater emphasis to what type of skill(s)?

answer

Self-help and domestic

question

A student is having a generalized epileptic seizure. Your first response as the teacher should be to

answer

move hard objects away from the student.

question

What type of approach to understanding language seems best for students with hearing impairments?

answer

a combination of speech and manual reading methods

question

All of the following student conditions are covered under Section 504 EXCEPT

answer

poverty

question

Almost every definition of mental retardation includes the idea that individuals with mental retardation

answer

cannot adapt adequately to their environment

question

Students often complain about Debbie. Debbie is always speaking very loudly even when circumstances do not call for such behavior. What type of problem is she demonstrating?

answer

voicing

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