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Automaticity

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The automatic, almost subconscious recognition and understanding of written text

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Prosody

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A dimension of fluency that refers to intonation, pitch, stress, pauses, and the duration placed on specific syllables

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Accuracy

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A dimension of vocabulary that refers to the rate at which one can automatically process words to understand their meaning

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Sight Word (recognition)

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Also known as word recognition and involves immediate recognition of words

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Structural Analysis

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A dimension of vocabulary and word recognition that involves identifying words through meaningful units such as prefixes, suffixes, and roots

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Concept Vocabulary

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A set of vocabulary made up of numerous words that serve as labels for certain images, characteristics, and criteria all centered around a certain concept

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Expressive Vocabulary

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Language that is written and interpreted

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Semantics

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Focuses on meaning

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Word Listening Strategies

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Strategies to aid in students' understanding of words and include such strategies as synonyms, antonyms, word sorts, categorization, concept circles, semantic mapping, and analogies

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Schema

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Mental frameworks that humans use to organize and construct meaning such as background information and experiences

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Literal Comprehension

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A person's comprehension of information stated explicitly (directly) in the reading

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Inferential Comprehension

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A person's comprehension of information from both the text and the reader's head

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During reading activities

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Different reading strategies that are done to engage students by helping them organize information that they read and better comprehend the reading passage throughout the reading

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Prereading Strategies

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Different reading strategies that are done to engage students by activation of prior knowledge of what they know about the plot, vocabulary, content, etc

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After reading strategies

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Different reading strategies that are done to summarize or review what was read and often includes various levels of questioning

question

Abbey has been using literature journals in her sixth grade classroom for years and likes the freedom it gives her students to communicate their thoughts about what they have read. However, she wants to update her technique. What would you suggest she do?

answer

Both B and C

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According to guidelines in the text for selecting a core reading program, the first step should be to

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create a textbook adoption committee.

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According to research, the most effective organizational strategy for comprehension is

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summarizing.

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According to the Common Core Standards, what is the correct order of the writing process?

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Brainstorm, draft, revise, edit, publish

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According to the text's taxonomy of types of questions, which of the following levels requires making connections between the text and prior knowledge?

answer

elaborating

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A fictional story that conveys factual information is a(n)

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narrative informational text.

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After the story is read and the main parts of the suggested lesson framework are completed, teachers may continue themes and make cross-curricular connects with projects and activities. This process is called

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extension.

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A ______________ is an open-ended script in which students use their imaginations and creative writing in a playful manner.

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plot scaffold

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All of the following are true regarding readability formulas EXCEPT

answer

they are mathematical tools that offer a precise measure of text difficulty.

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All of the following are true about organizers EXCEPT

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they are meant to be developed using a specific format.

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All of the following are true about anticipation guides EXCEPT

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they are graphic organizers that visually prepare students for reading.

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All of the following are true about point-of-view guides EXCEPT

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literal-level questions are emphasized.

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All of the following are true about idea circles EXCEPT

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the desired end product is a presentation by each individual.

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All of the following are true about I-charts EXCEPT

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students are encouraged to use them at the end of a research project.

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__________are a cooperative learning strategy that assists students in organizing and thinking about content area reading by providing them with a way to manipulate and group concepts, and add additional information from other resources, such as online texts and trade books.

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Sticky note folders

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________ are collections of stories and poems that are usually organized by theme.

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Anthologies

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Asking students to respond to a series of declarative statements about the reading beforehand is called a(n)

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anticipation guide.

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A story in the third grade basal depicts a nonwhite family whose faces look like white ones tinted or colored in. This is an example of

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tokenism.

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At which stage in the writing process is it appropriate for students to start being concerned with the grammatical correctness of their writing?

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Editing

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Basalization and primerese are two terms that were used by critics regarding the ________ in basal readers of the past.

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controlled vocabulary and sentence length

question

Book talks are a great way to evoke student response to literature because so many different types of discussions evolve. Which question is NOT one that would typically be asked during a book-talk?

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Where did the story take place?

question

_________________can easily be adapted to improve content area reading skills.

answer

Literature circles

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Choose the activity that is least likely to be part of a writing environment that encourages creativity and choice.

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Children practicing letter formation

question

________contain text that can be presented to readers visually, in a variety of ways.

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Electronic books

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Decades of research in primary and middle school classrooms have shown that ________ learning environments increase the volume of writing and reading that elementary children do.

answer

informal

question

Dual coding refers to the process of

answer

mentally representing a text in both words and images.

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During which aspect of the lesson does the teacher attempt to build interest in reading, set purposes, and introduce new concepts and vocabulary?

answer

Motivation and Background Building

question

Fifth grade students in Mr. Bingham's class have just finished reading a chapter in a novel and are getting ready to write an entry in their response journals. Mr. Bingham could most effectively develop students' literary response skills by assigning which of the following journal prompts?

answer

What do you think is the main idea or theme of the novel? Relate specific events in this chapter to the theme you suggest.

question

Graphic organizers that students complete in small groups as they read textbook material are called

answer

idea sketches.

question

How are reading and writing related? Both

answer

involve all of the above.

question

How have basal readers been adapted to address the requirements of the Common Core State Standards?

answer

More non-fiction material is included.

question

In a community of readers, all of the following are stressed EXCEPT

answer

reading in isolation.

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In ________ children evaluate, critique, and revise their own responses in light of the perspectives their peer express.

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student-led literature circles

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Informational book selections should be made based on

answer

all of the above.

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In literature circles the teacher's role should be one of

answer

facilitator.

question

In which of the following literature-based instructional strategies does only the teacher choose books?

answer

Core books

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It is recommended that teachers "publish" students' work because it gives students a sense of

answer

all of the above

question

Jamal believes students learn best when they socially construct meaning around text. He is likely to use what strategy in his classroom?

answer

Literature circles

question

Joey reads frequently and well during class. What prediction about Joey's writing ability can his teacher reasonably make given this fact?

answer

Joey will likely write well because he reads so often.

question

__________ journals emphasize meaning while providing natural, functional experiences in both writing and reading, as well providing an avenue for teacher feedback.

answer

Dialogue

question

Juan has played soccer but has never played football. Football was not a popular sport where he grew up. Despite excellent word recognition skills, Juan, who generally has little difficulty comprehending selections, is unable to answer most of the questions about a boy who leads his team to the state football championship. What seems to be the main source of Juan's difficulty?

answer

Juan has limited background knowledge for understanding the story.

question

Kristine loves children's literature and brings in a wide variety for instruction in all of her content classes. She loves to read a narrative related to a topic of study and her students enjoy it, too. However, she has been told to strictly adhere to the Common Core State Standards' criteria for using text across disciplines. This means she will need to

answer

use 50% literature and 50% informational text across disciplines.

question

Most children first learn how to develop a schema for stories through

answer

listening to stories.

question

Ms. Collins gives her students a ______________, so that they have a space to collect their thoughts and ideas for future writing.

answer

writing notebook

question

Ms. Murray notices that many students are misusing the homophones to, too, and two in their writing, so at the beginning of class she gives them about ten minutes of instruction and practice using the correct words. Ms. Murray is

answer

giving a mini-lesson.

question

Ms. Peck wants her students to understand the richness of oral tradition and enhance speaking and listening skills. So she decides to incorporate ________________ into her curriculum.

answer

storytelling

question

Ms. Robinson is having her students work in pairs to research a topic on the web. They research, read literature, and stream video to a website where other students can give feedback and post questions. She is using this collaborative approach in order to

answer

motivate and engage her students.

question

Night by Elie Wiesel is a fictional story that conveys factual information about the Holocaust. Night is

answer

a narrative informational text.

question

________ programs in basal readers develop basic concepts in language, letter-sound relationships, and listening comprehension.

answer

Emergent literacy

question

________ programs in basal readers emphasize reading and writing connections, writing activities, listening, and speaking.

answer

Language arts

question

________ provide an organizational framework that allows readers to demonstrate their use of reading strategies by responding to books and sharing meaning with others.

answer

Literature units

question

_____________provide a range of bands that designate grade and reading levels including easier text to more complex reading material.

answer

Lexical scales

question

Rereading, slow reading, and pausing during a confusing paragraph are examples of

answer

repairing.

question

Selecting multicultural books for a classroom library is important. Teachers need to be aware of all of the following EXCEPT

answer

format.

question

Teachers need to modify the basal reading program's lessons. Which statement below is the most substantial reason for this modification?

answer

The need to meet students' instructional needs

question

The best way for teachers to choose literature is for them to

answer

read the books.

question

The major differences between a guided reading lesson and a directed reading-thinking activity (DR-TA) is in

answer

the person deciding on the reading purpose.

question

The most important factor in comprehension is

answer

reader's background knowledge about the topic of the selection.

question

The question "Do chapter headings clearly define the content of the chapter?" relates to a textbook's

answer

usability.

question

The sense of ________ in the writer contributes to the writer's development.

answer

authorship

question

The teacher's main function in writing conferences is to

answer

act as a sounding board and ask probing questions.

question

The _____ type of reading materials includes basal readers and trade books.

answer

core

question

What component of a basal series is often organized thematically, includes a variety of support materials, and capitalizes on children's curiosity about print to get them excited about reading and making predictions?

answer

Emergent literacy program

question

What is the main reason the Internet demands critical thinking skills?

answer

It offers massive amounts of information, but much of it is not checked by anyone.

question

When a student says, "I can't find the book I want to read," it usually means that the student

answer

does not feel confident in being able to find a "good" book without assistance.

question

When a teacher introduces a text and models a particular strategy, the process is called

answer

guided reading.

question

When a teacher judges the difficulty of textbooks, the teacher must analyze all of the following EXCEPT which characteristic?

answer

Attitude

question

Which instructional model focuses on a central theme but also revolves around skills that go beyond subject areas such as problem solving, critical thinking, values, and social action skills?

answer

The Integrative Literature Model

question

Which instructional model incorporates two or more subject areas as students learn about a central theme?

answer

The Interdisciplinary Model

question

Which of the following is an organizational strategy?

answer

constructing the main idea

question

Which of the following is a preparational strategy?

answer

activating prior knowledge

question

Which of the following techniques is best at getting students to use context and read for meaning on a sentence-by-sentence basis?

answer

cloze

question

Which of the following is NOT a benefit from reading multicultural literature?

answer

The understanding of the homogeneity of each cultural group

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